RU2242686C1 - Foundry module with a king-pot furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy; smelting and refining of alloys.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertinent to field of metallurgy and dealt with smelting and refining of alloys mainly from a scrap and waste products of non-ferrous metals, basically lead and aluminum. The foundry module contains some located in its body heaters, a safety gate and a king-pot, in which there is a built-in bottom tapping device. The bottom tapping device is made in the form of a needle-shaped stop valve and a tap hole and the heaters are placed in different levels of the king-pot. The heaters are installed with a capability to adjust their installation angles; the needle-shaped stop valve is located inside the king-pot; the body is combined with the exhaust tube; under the body there is a roll-table with ingot moulds and a crystallizer. At that the foundry module may be installed on a transportation vehicle, that allows to conduct operatively processing and utilization of the scrap and the waste products containing non-ferrous metals, on rather large territories. The invention allows to develop a simplified design of a foundry module with the king-pot furnace, an expanded area of its application, improved mobility and small duration of a charge warming-up.

EFFECT: the invention allows to get a simplified design of a foundry module with a king-pot furnace, an expanded area of its application, improved mobility and small duration of a charge warming-up.

19 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy, for the smelting and refining of alloys, mainly scrap and non-ferrous metal waste, mainly lead and aluminum.

Known foundry module with a crucible furnace [1], containing, tilting with guide rollers, a crucible with a tap hole, located at the top. The latter is equipped with a servo drive for moving the crucible from one mold to another.

The disadvantage of such a furnace is the high probability of clogging of its slots with slag formed during the melting process. This can lead to poor quality castings.

In addition, such a furnace does not provide high-quality castings due to the non-uniformity of the melt passing through the notch of the furnace. The module also has limited mobility.

A more homogeneous melt can be obtained using a casting furnace [2], which contains heaters in its housing made in the form of two nozzles arranged in parallel, separated by a reflective partition.

The disadvantages of this analogue are large heat losses, as well as the difficulty in maintenance, expressed in the need to use protective suits and heat-reflecting screens.

The closest in essence to the invention is a casting module with a crucible furnace [3], containing heaters, a safety shutter and a crucible in its body, in which a bottom discharge device is integrated.

Significant disadvantages of the prototype are the complexity and bulkiness of the design, the inconvenience of loading the mixture.

In such a scheme, an extra technological operation is required to prepare the mixture by crushing. This does not allow the use of secondary waste with increased clogging and different overall dimensions. The slide gate valve is complex and relatively unreliable.

In addition, the location of the heaters is unsuccessful, since there is a large zone of "shadow", which does not ensure uniform heating of the charge. Therefore, the melting time of the metal is comparatively large. To prevent solidification of the metal above the safety shutter, such a furnace should be equipped with an additional heating device, which also leads to a complication of the design of the casting module.

Due to its bulkiness, it cannot be mobile. In this case, a crucible of small capacity is used and it is used for casting mainly shaped blanks. This narrows the scope of the casting module.

The objective of the invention is to provide a simplified design of a casting module with a crucible furnace, which has an expanded scope, improved mobility and a short heating time of the charge.

The problem is solved in that in a casting module with a crucible furnace containing heaters, a safety shutter and a crucible in which a bottom drain device is integrated, there are the following distinctive features, namely, the bottom drain device is made in the form of a needle shut-off valve, and the heaters are located at different levels of the crucible.

It is recommended that the heaters be positioned with the ability to adjust their installation angle; position the needle shut-off valve inside the crucible; combine the body with the exhaust pipe; have a roller table with molds and a mold under the case; the needle shut-off valve should be equipped with counterweights with adjustment of the locking force of the crucible drain hole.

It is also desirable to provide the foundry module with at least one of the following elements: an autonomous power source; foundry gas emission cleaning system; section for the collection of finished products and section for the collection of slag.

If a roller table with molds and a mold is located under the casing, then it is advisable to place the casing on the bed. Roller tables with molds and a mold are attached to it, as well as a tipper and a reverse roller table. In this case, it is advisable to attach the loading device to the bed and place it in the container. In this case, the container is recommended to be equipped with at least one of the elements: paws; wheels and a device for transporting it with a tractor; a through air purge device; exhaust ventilation system; heating system for fuel supplied to heaters; system for purification and utilization of furnace gases.

If the foundry module is equipped with a section for collecting finished products and a section for collecting slag, and the container with wheels and a device for transporting it with a tractor, it is recommended that these sections be placed on the tractor.

The implementation of the bottom discharge device in the form of a needle shut-off valve will allow more uniform and faster adjustment of the jet of molten metal with the simplicity of the design of this valve.

The location of the heaters at different levels of the crucible is aimed at ensuring uniform heating of all zones of the crucible, in particular the zone of removal of slag and the spill zone.

The essential features mentioned above, together with the features of the above dependent items, will allow us to solve the problem of the invention in terms of creating a simplified design of a casting module with a crucible furnace, which has an expanded scope, improved mobility and a short heating time of the charge.

The invention is illustrated by illustrations: figure 1 shows a General view of the casting module; figure 2 is a top view (along arrow "A" in figure 1); figure 3 is a sectional view of a furnace of a casting module; figure 4 is a top view (along arrow "B" in figure 3) with a cut into the heaters; figure 5 - casting module in the transport position.

The foundry module (FIGS. 1, 2) contains a crucible self-unloading furnace 1, consisting of a housing 2, a crucible 3 (FIG. 3), a bottom discharge device made in the form of a needle shut-off valve 4 and a gap 5 with an opening 6, as well as heaters, made in the form of burners 7 and 8 (figure 4). The latter are located at different levels near the crucible 3 with the ability to adjust their angles α and β of the installation. Between the burners 7 and 8 are reflectors 9.

The furnace 1 is equipped with internal and external linings 10, 11. Above the furnace 1 is an exhaust ventilation system 12.

The needle shut-off valve 4 is equipped with a lever actuator 13 with counterweights 14, and the crucible 3 is closed by cover-slides 15.

The housing 2 is mounted on a bed 16, on which the direct and reverse roller tables 17, 18 with molds 19 are fixed.

A safety locking device is mounted to the taphole 5, made, for example, in the form of a rotary gate 20.

An air purge system is also integrated in the casting module, for example, in the form of a block of axial fans 21 (FIGS. 1 and 2).

The bed 16 is located in the container 22, which is equipped with wheels 23 (Fig. 5) and a drawbar 24 for connection with the tractor 25. On the tractor 25 there is a section for finished products 26 and a section for slags 27, and on its trailer - a fuel tank 28, air intakes crystallizer 29, the exhaust pipe 30 (Fig.1, 2 and 5) of the furnace 1.

The foundry module may also have a loading device, for example, in the form of a vertical elevator 31 (Fig. 1), and a trolley 32 for finished ingots 33 (Fig. 3), coming there from the molds 19 using a tipper 34 (Fig. 1).

The container 22 can be equipped with paws 35 (figure 1) for fixing in the foundation or for installation on a trailed vehicle, as well as a cyclone 36 for cleaning foundry gases entering the atmosphere.

The casting module with a crucible furnace operates as follows.

In the body of the vertical lift 31 (figure 1) is loaded with a charge (not shown), for example in the form of scrap. Then it rises to the loading zone of the furnace 1. As you open and close the cover-skid 15 (Fig.3, 4), the charge is loaded into the crucible in 3 batches. After loading each batch, the mixture is melted by the burners 7, 8 and the intermediate layer of the formed slag is removed. This procedure is repeated several times until the crucible 3 is fully loaded.

Then, within 15-40 minutes, the melt is refined (for example, lead or aluminum) in crucible 3. After that, the casting is carried out in the following sequence.

The mold 19 is fixed on a direct rolling table 17 in the casting zone under the gate 20, which subsequently opens by turning it. Next, the needle shut-off valve 4 rises. This occurs by acting on the link mechanism 13 during (10-20 s) casting of the mold 19.

Then, under the influence of the counterweights 14, the needle shut-off valve 4 closes the hole 6. Also, after that, the gate 20 closes. On the direct roller table 17, the cast ingot mold 19 moves to the mold area 29. The next mold 19 from the inverse roller table 18 is mounted on the direct roller table 17 under hole 6.

As the mold cools down, it moves along a direct rolling table 17, bypassing the mold 29 and cooling there. Then she goes to the tipper 34, which is fixed. Using a system of levers (not shown) of the tipper 34, the contents of the mold 19 in the form of finished ingots 33 enter the trolley 32. After filling the trolley 32, the finished ingots 33 (10-15 pieces) are transported to the finished product section 26 (Fig. 5) located on the tractor 25.

Below are the technical data of the pilot plant ML-1, created according to the described principle of construction of the foundry module:

The charge capacity of the furnace is lead

(aluminum) kg 1200 (300)

Maximum temperature

melting point, ° С 600 (1000)

Casting productivity, t / h, Not less than 0.2 (0.05)

Melting and heating time, h 1 (2)

Curb Weight

condition, t 7

Height in working position, m 3,6

Height in transport position, m 3

Width, m 2,5

Length m 6.1

Total power consumption, kW 10

The use of such a mobile mobile foundry module will allow, quickly covering relatively large areas, to process and utilize scrap and waste containing non-ferrous metals.

Sources of information

1. SU No. 1343171 A1, IPC F 27 B 14/02 of 05/26/86, publ. 10.10.87.

2. JP No. 3198207 B2, IPC F 27 B 14/14 of 10/15/93, publ. 08/13/01.

3. SU No. 1763836 A1, IPC F 27 B 14/04 dated 12/10/90, publ. 09/23/92 / prototype /.

Claims (19)

1. A foundry module with a crucible furnace containing heaters, a safety shutter and a crucible in which a bottom drain device is integrated, characterized in that the bottom drain device is made in the form of a needle shut-off valve and a tap hole, and the heaters are located at different levels of the crucible. 2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the heaters are arranged to adjust their installation angle. 3. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle check valve is located inside the crucible. 4. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is combined with the exhaust pipe. 5. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that a roller table with molds and a mold is located under the housing. 6. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle check valve is equipped with counterweights with adjustable locking force of the crucible drain hole. 7. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an autonomous power source. 8. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a system for cleaning emissions of foundry gases. 9. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a section for collecting finished products and a section for collecting slag. 10. The module according to claim 5, characterized in that the housing is located on the bed with a mold, tipper, molds, direct and reverse roller table. 11. The module of claim 10, characterized in that a loading device is attached to the bed. 12. The module of claim 10, wherein the bed is located in the container. 13. The module according to p. 12, characterized in that the container is equipped with paws. 14. The module according to p. 12, characterized in that the container is equipped with wheels and a device for transporting it with a tractor. 15. The module according to p. 12, characterized in that the container is equipped with a through air purge device. 16. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that the container is equipped with an exhaust ventilation system. 17. The module according to item 12, wherein the container is equipped with a heating system for fuel supplied to the heaters. 18. The module according to p. 12, characterized in that the container is equipped with a system for purification and utilization of furnace gases. 19. The module according to claim 9 and 14, characterized in that the section for collecting finished products and the section for collecting slag are located on the tractor.

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