RU2242259C1 - Aircraft fire-extinguishing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment, particularly for extinguishing large-scale fires including forest and forest-steppe fires and fires in difficult-to-access areas.

SUBSTANCE: fire-extinguishing apparatus includes explosive device formed of thermoplastic polymeric material, stabilizer, vessel and hanging system. Contained inside vessel are fire-extinguishing composition and dispersing charge. Hanging system is arranged on outer vessel surface and is symmetrical to transversal plane extending through center of fire-extinguishing apparatus gravity. Hanging system is made as two spaced hoops fixedly connected one to another by cover plate with ears. Fire-extinguishing plant may be provided with cowling made as disc displaced along longitudinal axis and connected to front vessel end by bush and actuating explosive charge arranged inside bush.

EFFECT: possibility to use military aircrafts as supplementary means for fire-extinguishing apparatus delivery to fire site, increased area of fire-extinguishing composition contact with burning material, increased revenue load factor and decreased labor inputs for apparatus production.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting means, and more specifically relates to a device for localizing and / or extinguishing fires, and can be used to effectively combat large-scale and powerful fires, including forest and forest-steppe, as well as fires that occur in hard-to-reach places both geographically (steep mountains, impenetrable taiga, jungle), and because of the proximity of the source of danger (explosions, high temperature).

A device for extinguishing forest fires from the air (US patent No. 4344489, IPC A 62 C 3/02), consisting of a projectile filled with inert gas under pressure, which is discharged into the fire and automatically distribute the gas. When the device hits the ground, many of the holes in the case open simultaneously, allowing the extinguishing agent to spread over the prescribed area.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- the complexity of the design, and therefore the high cost of the device;

- low reliability of the action (many elements that must be simultaneously activated);

- the absence of a stabilizing device, which can lead to unstable movement of the device on the trajectory of fall and, as a consequence, its failure to act;

- the inability to use as a means of delivery of army aircraft and helicopters, as in the design of the device there is no suspension system that allows you to hang the device on a beam carrier holder.

Known fire bomb according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2068286, 6 A 62 C 39/00.

The bomb contains a housing with a stabilizer filled with a fire extinguishing composition, the bomb is equipped with a blade screw connected to a worm screw, and the body is made of two halves, the disclosure of which is carried out by a worm screw.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- low efficiency, since when opening the enclosure, the fire extinguishing composition spills over a small area;

- design complexity;

- the lack of a suspension system, which does not allow its use with army helicopters and aircraft.

A fire extinguishing device according to copyright certificate No. 1712245, B 64 D 1/16. The fire extinguishing device consists of a thin-walled metal tank filled with a fire extinguishing composition, a stabilizer, and a suspension system that allows the use of army aviation (aircraft, helicopters) as a delivery vehicle, an explosive device located in the center of mass perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- the formation of a fragmentation field from the material of the container at the time of the charge excludes the possibility of using the device to extinguish a fire in urban conditions and significantly reduces the safety of its use for extinguishing forest and forest-steppe fires;

- low efficiency due to the uneven distribution of the extinguishing agent on the ground.

Closest to the proposed aircraft fire extinguishing means is a fire suppression device (RF patent No. 2111032, 6 A 62 C 3/02 - prototype) containing a container of pressed cardboard, dispersing charge, a caliber stabilizer and an explosive device in the form of a height sensor and / or contact sensor with the initiators of the explosion.

In the case of using a helicopter as a delivery vehicle, the device according to patent 2111032 should be placed in a special container suspended under the helicopter and locked with a lock that releases the device by a reset signal.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- the impossibility of using aircraft and helicopters of the army aviation, equipped with beam holders for suspension of goods, as a means of delivery, since the design of the device lacks a suspension system under the beam holder;

- a decrease in the flight performance of aircraft delivery vehicles equipped with fire suppression devices (this is significantly affected if the aircraft is used as a delivery vehicle) due to the increased drag coefficient of the device (the head of the tank is made in the form of a truncated cone of low height);

- low coefficient of payload due to the need to place the device in a special container and manufacture containers from a material with low strength characteristics;

- the high complexity of manufacturing containers due to the need to develop and manufacture special equipment, as well as the need to apply a waterproof coating.

In addition, in the materials of the application of the prototype there is no information about the design and material of the stabilizer, which can have a significant impact on the payload coefficient of the device, and therefore on the efficiency of the device in the fire zone.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the use of aircraft fire extinguishing agents while increasing its effectiveness in the fire zone and reducing the complexity of manufacturing.

The technical result consists in the possibility of using military (army) aviation as an additional means of delivery of an fire extinguishing agent while simultaneously increasing the interaction surface of the fire extinguishing composition with burning material, increasing the payload coefficient and reducing the complexity of its manufacture.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the aviation fire extinguishing means includes an explosive device made of thermoplastic polymeric material, a stabilizer and a container in the cavity of which a fire extinguishing composition and dispersing charge are placed, a suspension system placed on the outer surface of the container symmetrically to the transverse plane passing through the center of mass of the aircraft fire extinguishing equipment, and made in the form of two hoops, spaced and rigidly connected by a pad with ears.

The use of army aviation as a delivery vehicle without any modification is possible provided that the fire extinguishing means are suspended on standard beam cargo holders, which are equipped with army aircraft and helicopters.

The supply of an aviation fire extinguishing means with a suspension system located on the outer surface of the tank symmetrically to the transverse plane passing through the center of mass of the fire extinguishing means and made in the form of two hoops spaced and rigidly connected by a lining with ears allows it to be suspended on standard beam carriers of army carrier weights, stabilization in the area of the air flight path and aimed dropping into the fire zone.

The implementation of the tank and the stabilizer of a thermoplastic polymeric material, for example polyethylene, makes it possible to increase the payload coefficient of an aircraft fire extinguishing agent as compared with the prototype, since the proposed material is an order of magnitude stronger than the pressed cardboard (and, therefore, allows reducing the wall thickness of the tank with the same dimensions and increase the volume of fire extinguishing composition), does not absorb moisture (eliminates the need for waterproof coating), does not require the development and manufacture of special special equipment for the manufacture of tanks and stabilizers.

In addition, the proposed material has a relative elongation at break of up to 700%, which significantly reduces the droplet size of the fire extinguishing composition when it is dispersed, since the destruction of the container body occurs after a significant increase in its initial volume, which ultimately leads to an increase in the interaction surface of the composition with the burning material, and therefore, to increase the efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent.

Aircraft fire extinguishing means may be equipped with a fairing made in the form of a disk bonded along the longitudinal axis of the disk, bonded to the front bottom of the tank.

This allows you to reduce the drag coefficient of an aircraft fire extinguishing means, and therefore, to increase the flight performance of a delivery vehicle equipped with standard beam carriers.

An explosive transfer charge can be placed in the sleeve cavity, which enhances the detonation impulse transmitted from the explosive device to the dispersing charge, thereby increasing the reliability of the action of the fire fighting aircraft.

Figure 1 shows an aircraft fire extinguishing means.

Figure 2 shows an aircraft fire extinguishing means with a cowl.

Figure 3 shows the fairing and its connection with the bottom of the tank.

Aircraft fire extinguishing means includes a container 1 with a fire extinguishing composition 2 and a dispersing charge 3, an explosive device 4, a stabilizer 5, a suspension system in the form of two hoops 6, lining 7 and ears 8.

Aircraft fire extinguishing means can be equipped with a fairing in the form of a disk 9 and a sleeve 10 connected to the bottom 11 of the tank. In the cavity of the sleeve placed the transfer charge of the explosive 12.

Aircraft fire extinguishing agent when dumping it from carriers equipped with regular beam holders of cargo works as follows.

At the command of the pilot, a signal is triggered to activate the lock of the beam carrier.

After the lock is activated, the ears of the 8 suspension system disengage and the fire extinguishing means is separated by gravity from the carrier, while an electric current pulse is supplied through the rail of the carrier pulse supply mechanism to the electric igniter of the explosive device 4, which is ready to act after the long-range cocking time.

When an aircraft fire extinguishing agent meets the ground (or the crown of trees), an explosive device 4 fires, the detonation pulse of which directly or through the transfer charge of the explosive 12 activates a dispersing charge 3.

The detonation wave and explosion products resulting from the actuation of the dispersing charge increase the pressure in the volume of the tank 1 by hundreds of thousands of times, which leads to the destruction of the body of the tank 1, hoops 6 of the suspension system and the throwing of the extinguishing agent 2. During the movement, the extinguishing agent 2 is crushed into droplets of size several tens of microns, which increases the surface of interaction of the composition with the burning material. The expansion of the explosion products causes the formation of an air shock wave, which moves at a supersonic speed in front of a dispersed cloud. The extinguishing mechanism consists in the simultaneous action of an air wave, a high-pressure head and a fire extinguishing composition on the fire site. The first two factors knock down the flame and remove the burning material, and the extinguishing agent cools the foci and isolates the burning material, stopping the pyrolysis and heating of the environment.

The aircraft can be used from carriers that are not equipped with beam holders of cargo (civil aviation), while instead of a suspension system, for example, a suspension container used in the prototype is used.

According to their technical and economic parameters, the proposed fire extinguishing agent allows:

- as a means of “first strike” to suppress intense combustion zones, increase the efficiency of using traditional drain systems tenfold;

- involve military aviation in solving fire extinguishing tasks without any costs for the modification of aircraft and helicopter fleets;

- to solve the problem without attracting an additional number of people and special equipment to the fire zone by practically eliminating the dangerous fragmentation and high explosive impacts;

- use it to extinguish fires in areas of radiation contamination of the area.

Claims (3)

1. Aircraft fire extinguishing means, including a container with a fire extinguishing composition and dispersing charge, an explosive device and a stabilizer, characterized in that it is equipped with a suspension system placed on the outer surface of the container symmetrically to the plane passing through the center of mass of the medium and made in the form of two hoops spaced and rigidly connected to the lining with the ears, while the container and stabilizer are made of thermoplastic polymer material. 2. Aircraft fire extinguishing means according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fairing in the form of a disk connected along the longitudinal axis of the disk, bonded to the front bottom of the tank by a sleeve. 3. Aircraft fire fighting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a transfer explosive charge placed in the cavity of the sleeve.

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