RU2240300C2 - Pyrotechnic red smoke composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pyrotechnic compositions.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pyrotechnic smoke compositions that can be used for charging smoke signal cartridges, for example marking and target designating cartridges. Composition contains monomethylaminoantraquinon and thermal mixture wherein mixture of smoke gun powder and porous pyroxylin powder are utilized.

EFFECT: increased burning rate and ensured creation of bright compact red smoke cloud.

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Description

The invention relates to pyrotechnic smoke compositions and can be used to equip smoke signal cartridges, for example, marking and target designation. Such cartridges are used to determine the accuracy of the hit and accuracy of shooting when training soldiers, as well as to indicate any purpose during military operations, for example, indicating the location of a sniper.

The cartridge must ensure the formation of a bright local contrast cloud, clearly visible on any background, in a short period of time. Therefore, the main requirement for the compositions used to equip such cartridges is a high burning rate. Pyrotechnic smoke compositions are widely known (see A. Shidlovsky, Fundamentals of Pyrotechnics. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1973, pp. 250-253). As a rule, they all consist of a thermal mixture that creates conditions for ignition, combustion, and sublimation of an organic dye. The oxidizing agent in these formulations is mainly potassium chlorate, and the combustible is organic matter.

The closest technical solution is a composition containing (% by weight):

Potassium Chlorate 25

Thiourea 18

Monomethylaminoanthraquinone 57

(see US patent No. 3121231, CL NKI 149-84, 1964).

In this composition, the thermal mixture consists of potassium chlorate and thiourea.

The specified composition cannot be used to equip marking and targeting cartridges, as it has a low burning rate (about 1.5 mm / s) and does not form a bright compact cloud during operation of the cartridges.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a pyrotechnic smoke composition having a high burning rate and providing a bright compact cloud of colored smoke.

This is because the process of smoke formation at a low burning rate stretches over time. In a smoke cloud, a sufficient concentration of a smoke generator is not provided, the cloud erodes, becomes less bright and cannot be used for target designation.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known composition, including monomethylaminoantraquinone and a thermal mixture, a mixture of smoky gun and porous pyroxylin gunpowder is used as a thermal mixture with the following components (% by weight):

Monomethylaminoanthraquinone 46-54

Smoky gunpowder 42-48

Porous pyroxylin powder 4-6

A significant difference of the invention is the use of a mixture of smoky gun and porous pyroxylin gunpowder as a thermal mixture for the sublimation of monomethylaminoantraquinone.

The burning rate of the composition is in the range from 5 to 7 mm / s. A high burning rate provides an almost instantaneous transfer of the dye to the aerosol state, which contributes to the creation of a compact bright cloud of red color.

A certain combination of two types of gunpowder, namely, porous pyroxylin and smoke guns, provides optimal conditions for the rapid and complete sublimation of the dye.

Introduction to the composition of smoky gunpowder leads to reliable ignition of the composition without igniter and transition compositions.

With a decrease in the content of the thermal mixture, i.e. smoky gun and porous pyroxylin gunpowder, the burning rate decreases and the quality of the smoke cloud deteriorates. With an increase in the content of the thermal mixture, the burning rate of the composition increases, which leads to rapid combustion and incomplete sublimation of the dye.

A known composition for producing colored smoke (see Shidlovsky A.A. Fundamentals of pyrotechnics. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1973, p. 253), containing a mixture of smokeless powder based on nitrocellulose with the addition of nitrates and organic dye. However, this composition cannot be used to quickly obtain a bright compact cloud of colored smoke. When it burns, optimal conditions are not created for the complete dye sublimation, since smokeless powder burns in the volumetric combustion mode and the dye does not have time to go into an aerosol state.

To test the composition, three variants of the proposed composition were manufactured and tested in comparison with the prototype. The composition was prepared in a mixer according to traditional technology adopted in the pyrotechnic production. The composition was tested in the design of targeting cartridges of caliber 30 mm with a pressing density of 1.2-1.3 g / cm ³ .

The test results of the proposed composition in comparison with the prototype are shown in the table.

All of these compositional options had a high burning rate and provided a bright compact local cloud of colored smoke.

Thus, the proposed composition has a high burning rate and provides a bright compact cloud of colored smoke.

Claims (1)

Pyrotechnic composition of red smoke, including monomethylaminoatraquinone and thermal mixture, characterized in that as a thermal mixture it contains a mixture of smoky gun and porous pyroxylin gunpowder with the following components, wt.%: Monomethylaminoatroquinone 46-54 Smoky gunpowder 42-48 Porous pyroxylin powder 4-6