RU2239264C1 - Condensed-explosion flashlamp for optical pumping of active media of impact-initiation laser radiators - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optical radiation sources; flashlamps for optical pumping of laser radiator active media.

SUBSTANCE: flashlamp has body, impact igniter, and zirconium-containing powdered condensed-explosion compound. Lamp body is made in the form of optically transparent bulb made of heat and impact resistant glass set on adhesive in metal base and filled with gaseous oxygen in amount sufficient to ensure stoichiometric correlation between oxygen and condensed-explosion compound. Metal base is provided with impact igniter. Condensed-explosion compound is disposed in truncated-cone shaped flare communicating with impact igniter space. Condensed-explosion mixture is uniformly distributed throughout entire space of bulb. Flashlamp is integral hermetically sealed structure preventing escape of combustion products directly into reflector and reducing heat loads on active medium of laser radiator.

EFFECT: reduced energy requirement for pumping, minimized time of condensed-explosion compound burning reaction.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to optical radiation sources and can be used for optical pumping of active bodies of laser emitters.

The method of optical pumping of active bodies is the most universal and is widely used for pumping active media of laser emitters. The essence of the method is that the active substance is irradiated with intense electromagnetic radiation, which transfers the active centers from the ground to the excited state.

The proposed pyrotechnic lamp belongs to the group of flash lamps [1]. The use of pulsed discharge lamps [2] has significant limitations due to the need to use stationary power supply networks or an autonomous power source based on rechargeable batteries, which, as a rule, has significant weight and dimensions.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed pyrotechnic pump lamp is a pyrotechnic cartridge [3] based on a standard blank cartridge equipped with a high-calorie and high-temperature pyrotechnic mixture. The cartridge is used in a laser rifle to pump the active body of the emitter. The essence of his work is as follows: after hitting the capsule, the pyrotechnic composition ignites, and the luminous gases of the burning pyrotechnic mixture fall into a cylindrical chamber with a reflective inner wall, which provides a concentration of radiation on the active body.

The disadvantages of this solution are:

- emission of combustion products directly into the reflector;

- significant thermal loads of the active body;

- low efficiency pyrotechnic cartridge:

a) energy costs for the “disclosure” of the nose of the cartridge for the release of the pyrotechnic mixture;

b) violation of the optical transparency of the reflector;

c) a large duration of the light pulse.

The task of the invention is to develop an autonomous small-sized source of optical radiation pumping active bodies of solid-state laser emitters that do not have these drawbacks.

To solve this problem, a pulsed pyrotechnic lamp for optical pumping of active media of laser emitters with shock initiation has been proposed, comprising a housing, a shock igniter, a zirconium-containing pyrotechnic composition, the housing being made in the form of an optically transparent bulb made of heat-resistant glass, glued into a metal base and filled with gaseous oxygen in amount providing a stoichiometric ratio between oxygen and pyrotechnic composition, metal The novation is equipped with the specified shock igniter, and to initiate the combustion, expansion and uniform distribution of the luminescence body throughout the bulb volume, the zirconium-containing powder pyrotechnic composition is located in the bell in the form of a truncated cone in communication with the cavity of the shock igniter.

Distinctive features of the present invention from the prototype are that: a) to initiate a combustion reaction, expansion and uniform distribution of the glow body throughout the volume of the flask, the zirconium-containing powder pyrotechnic composition is located in the PVC socket in the form of a truncated cone in communication with the cavity of the flash igniter capsule; b) to prevent contamination of the active element of the laser emitter, the cavity of its reflector, as well as to evenly distribute the luminous body, the pyrotechnic composition is thrown into an optically transparent flask made of heat-resistant glass, forming a suspension; c) to ensure a stable fuel combustion process, the inner cavity of the glass flask is filled with gaseous oxygen in an amount that provides a stoichiometric ratio between oxygen and pyrotechnic composition; d) to initiate the combustion process of the pyrotechnic composition, to fasten the structural elements, as well as to install and change the product in the reflector of the laser emitter, the bottom part of the cartridge for the small arms with the ignition shock capsule installed in it is selected as the base of the lamp housing; e) in contrast to the prototype, the internal cavity of the pyrotechnic lamp is filled with oxygen; f) there is no emission of combustion products into the cavity of the reflector.

The presence of these signs determines the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the criterion of "novelty."

As a result of the patent search, prior to the filing date of the application, no technical solutions have been identified that have characteristics that are identical to the whole set of essential features contained in the proposed application, which indicates the inventive step of the proposed technical solution.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the proposed pulsed pyrotechnic lamp for optical pumping of active media of laser emitters with shock initiation. In the housing 1, which consists of the bottom of a standard cartridge of small arms with a shock capsule-igniter 2 and glued into it a bulb 7 made of heat-resistant glass, the cavity 8 of which is filled with gaseous oxygen, a PVC bell 5 in the form of a truncated cone filled with pyrotechnic composition 6 and communicating with the cavity of the impact capsule igniter 3 through two holes 4.

The design of the proposed product is developed based on the following principles:

a) the housing of the pyrotechnic lamp must ensure the integrity and tightness of the structure both under normal conditions and with increased internal pressure during operation;

b) minimal gas formation during the course of the combustion reaction of the pyrotechnic composition;

c) resistance to shock and vibration overloads;

d) uniform distribution of the luminescence body over the volume of the bulb;

e) the minimum reaction time of the combustion of the pyrotechnic composition.

Figure 2 presents the appearance of the sample of the proposed pyrotechnic pump lamp (2) of laser emitters in comparison with the sleeves from a sniper rifle (1) and from the AK-74 machine gun (3), and Fig. 3 is a variant of the reflector of the laser emitter, where 1 - seat for the active element in the form of a rod, 2 - seat for the proposed product.

The work of the proposed pyrotechnic lamp is as follows. The lamp is located and fixed inside the reflector of the laser emitter in the intended seat, while the end face of the base of the housing remains accessible to the impact of the hammer. Upon impact on the igniter 2, its initiating composition ignites. The burning charge, expanding, fills the cavity of the igniter capsule 3, and some of it, penetrating through the holes 4, enters the base of the socket 5 and ignites the pyrotechnic composition 6. The pyrotechnic composition under pressure from the base of the socket 5, created by burning the initiating composition of the capsule Igniter 2, as well as due to its own combustion and expansion, fills the internal volume of the bulb 7, forming a suspension. The combustion of the pyrotechnic composition is accompanied by intense optical radiation of the visible range, distributed outside the thermally shockproof flask 7 through its optically transparent walls.

The cinema operation of the proposed pump lamp is shown in figure 4. The first frame shows a sample product; the second frame, shot through a neutral filter, shows the moment of ignition of the suspension; in the third - the state of the same sample after operation.

It was established that the brightness temperature of the optical radiation of the pyrotechnic lamp is 4600 ... 4800 K, the pulse duration is ~ 0.5 ms, the total energy is ~ 200 J. When the product is triggered, the conditions for maintaining the integrity of the case and the tightness of the structure are observed.

Literature

1. Handbook of Lasers / Ed. Prokhorova A.M .: - M .: Soviet Radio, Vol. 2, 1978, 400 p.

2. Marshak I.S. Pulsed light sources. - M.: Gosenergoizdat, 1963, 334 p.

3. US Patent No. 5761235 dated 2.06.98.

Claims (1)

A pulsed pyrotechnic lamp for optical pumping of active media of laser emitters with shock initiation, containing a housing, an impact igniter, a zirconium-containing powder pyrotechnic composition, the housing being made in the form of an optically transparent bulb of heat-resistant glass, glued into a metal base and filled with gaseous oxygen in an amount that provides stoichiometric ratio between oxygen and pyrotechnic composition, the metal base is equipped with the specified impact m igniter for initiating combustion reaction, dispersion and uniform distribution of the luminescence of the body of the flask volume zirconium powdered pyrotechnic composition is located in the socket is frusto-conical in communication with the cavity impact igniter.

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