RU2217850C2 - Portable condensed explosive laser emitter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: laser emitters; suppression of optoelectronic means. SUBSTANCE: laser emitter has case with holes for ejecting end products of combustion reaction. Case also has internal shaped space with converging part to raise pressure in combustion reaction zone and diverging part to reduce pressure of combustion reaction end products. Case also accommodates initiating means made in the form of piezoelectric transducer and coaxial pyrocartridge filled with condensed explosive mixture, as well as laser active element. Mentioned element is made in the form of neodymium doped glass fiber joined with optical lens and pumped by optical radiation of pyrocartridge. EFFECT: enhanced service life and portability of emitter, its reliability in storage and in operation; augmented heat transfer in light. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to laser emitters and can be used to suppress optoelectronic means (ECO).

There are several varieties of optical radiation sources used to suppress ECO, including explosive, pyrotechnic, laser. An example of an explosive source is the ammunition suppression ECO [1,2]. In the case of this ammunition are installed means of initiation, explosive charge, equipment in the form of a capsule with a light-forming composition. An inert gas with a large atomic mass is used as a light-forming composition, which, under the action of a shock wave formed during the explosion of an explosive, heats up to a high temperature and becomes a source of radiation close to that of a completely black body. Although this source has a large radiation power, it has significant disadvantages:
disposable nature of the device;
difficulties in ensuring the tightness of a gas-filled capsule;
impossibility of covert use;
low radiation directivity.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed portable laser emitter is a laser rifle pumped by combustion of high-calorie and high-temperature pyrotechnic mixture Zr-43% + KClO ₄ -57%, located in a standard blank cartridge [3]. The luminous gases of the burning pyrotechnic mixture fall into a cylindrical chamber with a reflecting inner wall, which provides a concentration of luminescence in the active medium that generates a laser pulse output through the output lens system. Exhaust fumes are vented out through the silencer. Partially, the energy of the exhaust gases through the return channel is used in the recharging mechanism, as well as to drive a cleaning plate, which, when reciprocating, purifies the active element of the laser and the inner wall of its chamber from soot.

 The disadvantages of this solution are significant overall mass characteristics; the presence of an optical resonator sensitive to overloads; the release of combustion products into the reflector, resulting in repeated use to the loss of the reflective properties of the latter.

 The objective of the invention is to obtain a reusable, portable, reliable in storage and use of a laser source.

To solve this problem, an optical radiation source is proposed that uses the design of a laser pumped with a coaxial pyrotechnic cartridge activated by Nd ³⁺ ions of glass fiber installed in a case that looks like a fountain pen.

 Distinctive features of the invention are that: a) an active laser element and a profiled cavity with a diffuser and confuser part are located in a case equipped with openings for ejecting the final products of the combustion reaction, which allows raising the pressure and temperature in the combustion zone and cooling the reaction products to the temperature of their condensation, as well as reduce the pressure on the exhaust to atmospheric; b) a coaxial pyro cartridge filled with a small-gas pyrotechnic mixture using zirconium and a special oxidizing agent is used as a pump source; c) the active element is made in the form of neodymium-doped glass fiber conjugated with an optical lens.

 The presence of these signs determines the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the criterion of "novelty."

 As a result of a patent search, prior to the filing date of the application, no technical solutions have been identified that have characteristics that are identical to the whole set of essential features contained in the proposed application, which indicates the inventive step of the proposed technical solution.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed portable laser emitter with pyrotechnic pumping. In the housing 8 with a profiled cavity, there is a contact button 1, initiating a piezoelectric transducer 2, a coaxial pyrotechnic cartridge 3 filled with PTS 4 and equipped with an ignition thread 5, a fiber optic active element 6, exhaust openings 10, a nozzle with an output optical lens 11.

 In order to reduce the requirements for operating conditions, the active element is made in the form of neodymium-doped glass fiber with a lens focusing system. This design increases the resistance of the active element to shock loads during storage and transportation.

 The operation of the proposed pyrotechnic source begins with activation of the combustion by the piezoelectric transducer 2 by activating the contact button 1. The combustion products of the pyrocartridge 3, passing through the confuser part 7 of the cavity, increase the pressure, as a result of which the dissociation of oxides decreases and the temperature in the combustion zone increases. Next, the combustion products fall into the diffuser 9, their pressure and temperature drop. In this case, most of the products go into the solid phase, and the remaining gaseous part serves to carry the waste products through the exhaust openings 10 and cool the device. The optical radiation obtained by burning the squib is converted in the fiber-active element of the laser, turning into radiation invisible to the eye, and is formed by the output optical lens into a directed beam.

Literature
1. Kozlov N. P. Ammunition suppression of optoelectronic means. RU 2121646, 6 F 42 V 5/15 dated 11/25/97.

 2. Leonov A.F. et al. Testing a solid-state laser pumped by radiation from a converging shock wave. The physics of combustion and explosion. 1999 T. 35. 2, p. 114.

 3. US patent 5761235 from 2.06.98. company Laser poppy.

Claims (1)

A portable laser emitter, characterized in that it comprises a housing having openings for ejecting the final products of the combustion reaction, an internal profiled cavity with a confuser that increases the pressure in the region of the combustion reaction, and a diffuser, lowering the pressure of the final products of the combustion reaction, in which the initiation means are located, made in the form of a piezoelectric transducer and a coaxial pyrotechnic cartridge filled with a small-gas pyrotechnic mixture, the active element is a laser pa configured as neodymium-doped glass fiber, conjugated with an optical lens and a pyrotechnic cartridge pumped by optical radiation.