RU2238854C1 - Drive wheel of agricultural machines and implements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed wheel has rigid disk with grousers uniformly distributed over wheel periphery and rigidly connected with wheel. Said grousers are made in form of flat plates placed on end face surfaces of disk in radial direction square to disk surfaces. Outer side of grousers is limited by cylindrical surface of wheel disk.

EFFECT: provision of high traction with preservation of soil structure.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for the manufacture of agricultural machinery and implements, in particular their driving wheels.

Existing wheels with pneumatic tires, used as driving (creating traction) wheels as part of agricultural machines and implements, when moving across the field, destroy the soil structure, have ineffective traction and coupling indicators, have a high cost, short service life and cannot work in case of adverse weather conditions: rain, waterlogging of the soil surface, drought, etc. (see the description of the patent No. 2189909, 60 V 25/00 from 09/27/2002, JSC "Central Scientific Research Institute of International Economics").

The driving wheel of a motor-block is known, selected by the applicant as a prototype, containing a hard-drive disk, on the periphery of which support elements (lugs) are uniformly distributed and rigidly connected with it, provided with a stiffening rib and made concave from the side of their working surface with the formation of a pyramid whose vertex is directed in the direction of the periphery of the wheel (see the description of the patent No. 2103182, 60 V 15/06, dated 01.27.1998, Perm Motors OJSC).

A disadvantage of the known driving wheel is that when using it, it is impossible to create great traction without slipping. To create great traction, the wheel deepens to a solid layer, but at the same time destroys the soil structure: it sprays loose and dry and compacts wet.

An object of the invention is to develop a design of the drive wheel, providing high traction and coupling performance while maintaining the structure of the soil.

The problem is solved in such a way that in the known driving wheel of agricultural machinery and implements containing a disk of rigid construction, on the periphery of which the lugs are evenly distributed and rigidly connected with it, according to the invention, the lugs are made in the form of flat plates located perpendicular to the end surfaces in the radial direction, with the outside of the lugs bounded by the cylindrical surface of the wheel disc.

The outside of the lugs is pointed and the corners are rounded.

Lugs can be located at an acute angle to the radius of the disc.

In addition, the lugs on one end surface relative to the lugs on the other end surface of the disk can be arranged symmetrically to each other or in a checkerboard pattern. The length of the lugs is determined from the ratio

where L is the length of the support element, R is the radius of the disk, and the step between the lugs along the perimeter of the wheel on each end surface is determined from the relation

where S is the pitch, B is the lug width.

The proposed design of the drive wheel significantly reduces the area of the supporting surface of the wheel, which contributes to a more free and deeper penetration of lugs into the soil.

Due to the fact that the wheel freely penetrates through the soft soil layer, it rolls over the hard layer, which ensures high traction characteristics and the preservation of the soil structure.

In addition, self-cleaning of the lugs from the soil is improved, as the latter have a flat surface and are located in the radial direction. The wheel design is simple, technological, quickly mounted, stable, applicable to any agricultural machinery and implements.

Conducted patent research did not reveal similar technical solutions, which allows us to conclude about the novelty and technical level of the claimed technical solution.

The driving wheel, as a mechanism for creating traction of agricultural machines and implements, is used in agricultural production for cultivating soil, steam, sowing field crops, and inter-row cultivation of cultivated plants. It can be used as a mover of vehicles when traveling in off-road conditions (snow, mud, ice).

The domestic industry has all the means (materials, equipment) necessary for the manufacture of the proposed drive wheels.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the wheel disc;

figure 2 is a view of "A" in figure 1, with a symmetrical arrangement of lugs on the end surfaces;

figure 3 is a view of "A" in figure 1, with the location of the lugs on the end surfaces in a checkerboard pattern;

figure 4 is a view along CC in figure 1;

The drive wheel for agricultural machinery and implements contains a disk 1 of a rigid structure, the periphery of which is evenly distributed and rigidly connected with it, for example, by welding, lugs 2. Lugs 2 are made in the form of flat plates located perpendicular to the end surfaces 3 and 4 of the disk 1 in the radial direction, while the outer side 5 of the lugs 2 is limited by the cylindrical surface 6 of the wheel disk 1.

The outer side 5 of the lugs 2 are pointed. The angles 7 and 8 of the lugs 2 are rounded. Lugs 2 can be located at an acute angle to the radius of the disk 1 (while maintaining the radial direction). The lugs 2 on one end surface 3 are located relative to the lugs on the other end surface 4 symmetrically to each other (figure 2) or in a checkerboard pattern (figure 3).

The length of the lugs 2 is determined from the ratio

where L is the length of the lug;

R is the radius of the disk.

The step between the lugs 2 along the perimeter of the disk 1 on each end surface 3 and 4 is determined from the ratio

where S is the step; B - lug width 2.

The outer cylindrical surface 6 of the disk 1 has a negligible supporting area and does not affect the operation of the device (traction and coupling indicators). Draft useful provide lugs 2. The dimensions of lugs 2 depend on the density of the soil treated by the field unit. On denser soils, lug size 2 is smaller. The dimensions of the lugs 2 also depend on the radius of the disk 1, and the radius of the disk 1 depends on the parameters of agricultural machines and implements.

With a disk size of 1540 mm in diameter, with a disk thickness of 10 mm, lug lengths will be 50 mm, width 50 mm, pitch 240 mm.

The driving wheel of agricultural machinery and implements works as follows. When the wheel moves along the arable land (plowed soil), the lugs 2, evenly spaced around the periphery of the disk 1, alternately deepen into the soil. The process of deepening the lugs 2 into the soil is facilitated by the fact that the lugs are made in the form of flat plates, their outer side is pointed and the thickness of the wheel disk 1 is insignificant (10 mm with a diameter of 1540 mm). The process of deepening the supporting elements into the soil can be facilitated by the arrangement of the lugs 2 at an acute angle to the radius of the disk 1 (while maintaining the radial direction), because in this case, the location of the lugs coincides with the direction of their movement into the soil. Lugs 2 without resistance deepen to a hard layer without disturbing the arable layer of the soil. The wheel cleans itself of soil sticking to the lugs 2, because when re-deepening the lugs 2 due to the forces of traction of the wheel and the reaction of the soil under the wheels, the soil is chipped. Self-cleaning lugs 2 provides an increase in traction characteristics of the unit without increasing its weight.

Applicants developed and manufactured the proposed drive wheel, which was tested and showed high throughput and high traction performance.

Claims (7)

1. The driving wheel of agricultural machinery and implements, containing a disk of rigid construction, on the periphery of which lugs are evenly distributed and rigidly connected to it, lugs are made in the form of flat plates located perpendicular to the end surfaces of the disk in a radial direction, while the outer the lug side is limited by the cylindrical surface of the wheel disc. 2. The drive wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer side of the lugs is pointed. 3. The drive wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the lug angles are rounded. 4. The drive wheel according to claim 3, characterized in that the lugs are located at an acute angle to the radius of the disk. 5. The drive wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the lugs on one end surface relative to the lugs on the other end surface of the disk are symmetrically to each other. 6. The drive wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the lugs on one end surface are located relative to the lugs on the other end surface in a checkerboard pattern. 7. The drive wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the step between the lugs along the perimeter of the disk on each end surface of it is determined from the ratio

where S is the step; B is the lug width.

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