RU2238368C1 - Method for building flexible coast securing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering, particularly for securing erosive coasts of rivers, channels and other structures.

SUBSTANCE: method involves laying mesh grids wound off rolls on coast with directing longitudinal sides thereof across stream and with overlapping mesh grid edges; securing mesh grids by anchors driven perpendicularly to coast surface into coast to form entire mat; placing layer of concrete or high-strength mortar mix upon mat surface so that layer uniformly covers mat; coating the layer with wear-resistant materials. Mesh grids are placed on pre-arranged base formed of inverse filter made of gravel or rushed stone and connected one to another by connection wires. Mat has extension or deepened base.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of coasts protection against erosion and increased service life of flexible structure.

5 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals and other structures.

A half-dam and a method of its construction are known (RU 2076168 C1, E 02 B 3/00, 3/12, 03/27/1997), in which uneven L-shaped blocks with a root part cut into the shore are mounted on a prepared base and an open trench the head part with the formation of a stepped tray and with a decreasing height of the walls from the coast to the channel. In this case, the blocks are interconnected by smaller shelves at the base of the tray, which is then poured with concrete, and a reinforcing grille is attached to the embedded parts in front of the tray. From above across the tray at the junctions of adjacent blocks and in front of the tray above the grate, metal or reinforced concrete lintels are installed with a partial entrance to the tray. At the front of the tray, prefabricated cubes are mounted horizontally in two rows, which are pivotally connected to each other and to the reinforcing belts of the tray.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the design and method of its construction are quite complex;

- such a technical solution is ineffective to use for fastening slopes of dams;

- after construction, as a result of partial filling of the space between the half-dams and their deformations, aesthetic attractiveness is lost;

- in environmental terms, is not a favorable technical solution.

There is a method of erecting a gabion mount, (see Altunin S.T. Regulation of channels, Moscow. Selkhozgiz, 1956, pp. 62-64), including laying along the banks of the channel on the base of a prismatic form filled with stone gabions. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the rigidity of the gabion structure is insufficient, since there is no connection between the filler inside the gabion and between the gabions;

- the shape of the gabion frame is variable, since there are no stretch marks inside the gabion;

- the durability of the fastener design, consisting of such gabions, is small due to corrosion of the mesh and destruction of the fastener;

- in environmental terms, is not a favorable technical solution.

The closest technical solution is a method of erecting a flexible slope fastening, including laying lap braided mesh by unwinding rolls with the long side across the direction of flow with fastening on the slope with anchors clogged normally to the surface of the slope, and the formation of a solid carpet (see SU 1214823 A, E 02 B 3/04, 3/12, E 02 D 17/20, 02/28/1986).

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds and canals from erosion and durability of the shore protection structure.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of erecting a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure, which includes overlapping a woven mesh by unwinding rolls with the long side transverse to the direction of flow with fixing on the slope with anchors clogged normally to the surface of the slope and forming a solid carpet according to the invention of the mesh they are laid on the slope preparation in the form of a reverse gravel or crushed stone filter, and the grids are interconnected by a connecting and the carpet is formed with an apron or buried with the base, and concrete or a high-strength mortar is placed on top of the woven mesh, evenly covering it, on which wear-resistant materials are tightly laid. As wear-resistant materials, stones can be used whose dimensions from the base to the top of the mount are reduced. As wear-resistant materials, tiles can be used whose thickness decreases from the base to the top of the fastener. The thickness of the braided wire from the base to the top of the mount may decrease. A solid woven mesh carpet with an apron or a recessed base can be secured to the slope with drop-down anchors.

The technical result provided by the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds and canals from erosion and durability of the shore protection structure.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a dam with a flexible sloping mount with an apron covered with stone, general view; figure 2 is a cross section of a dam with a flexible sloping mount, recessed into the base and covered with stone, General view; figure 3 - slope with the laying of a woven mesh on the prepared base overlap, in a perspective view; figure 4 - node a in figure 2; figure 5 - woven mesh, General view; figure 6 is a fragment of a flexible sloping mount, covered with stone with decreasing size of the stones up; Fig.7 is a cross section of a dam with a flexible sloping mount and an apron covered with tiles, General view; on Fig - cross section of a dam with a flexible sloping mount, recessed into the base, covered with tiles, General view; figure 9 is a plan of the dam with a flexible sloping mount, recessed into the base, covered with tiles; figure 10 - node In figure 8; figure 11 - laying tiles on concrete or high strength mortar, axonometry; on Fig - a fragment of a flexible sloping fastening, covered with tiles with decreasing size up; on Fig - anchor with a drop-down tip, General view; in Fig.14 - node C in Fig.13; on Fig - the tip of the anchor in the open position; in Fig.16 - the anchor tip in the open position, top view.

The method is as follows.

On the slope of the dam 1, preparation 2 is arranged in the form of a reverse gravel or crushed stone filter and a flexible slope mount 3 with an apron 4 or recessed into the base 5. In preparation 2, the bottom layer of the woven mesh 6 is laid by unwinding the rolls 7 with the long side across the direction of flow. Braided mesh 6 is stacked with offset and overlap 8. In place of overlap 8, braided grids 6 are connected to each other by connecting wire 9. The connecting wire 9 is twisted by a device for twisting the wire (not shown in the drawings). The woven mesh carpet 6 thus formed is fixed with anchors 10, normally hammered on the slope of the dam 1. On the woven mesh carpet 6, concrete or a high-strength mortar 11 is laid and evenly laid on which stones 12 or tiles 13 are tightly laid. For tiles 13 for reinforcement their adhesion to concrete or high-strength mortar 11 has anchor loops 14, with at least two of each. As anchors, you can use an anchor with a drop-down tips 15. Tips 15 consist of petals 16, which are opened by lowering the rings 17 connected by braces 18 through the hinges 19 when lifting the anchor up.

Preparation 2 serves as a filter and prevents mechanical suffusion under the flexible slope mount 3 (Fig. 1). The lower end of the unwound roll 7 of the grid 6 can be horizontal and will serve as an apron 4 or penetrate into the base 5. The length of the apron 4 depends on the depth of erosion. With this method of laying the woven mesh 6 due to the integrity of the mesh carpet is able to withstand very large tensile loads. This load depends on the thickness of the wire and can reach 5-10 tons per linear meter of length of woven mesh 6. The device for twisting the wire has special holes in which the ends of the connecting wire 9 are inserted and then twisted with a lever, thereby forming a strong connection. The thickness of the braided wire 6 upward of the mount can be reduced from 6 to 4 mm.

The described method of securing slopes is more reliable in operation than the known similar technical solutions. At the same time, the durability of these structures is 1.5-2 times greater, since protection is provided from suffusion and mesh attrition.

Claims (5)

1. A method of erecting a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure, including lapping the woven mesh by unwinding the rolls with the long side transverse to the direction of flow with fixing on the slope with anchors clogged normally to the surface of the slope, and forming an integral carpet, characterized in that the nets are laid on slope preparation in the form of a reverse gravel or crushed stone filter, moreover, the nets are interconnected by a connecting wire, and the carpet is formed with an apron or deep yayut base and top of woven mesh sequentially laid concrete or high strength solution, uniformly coating it on the stack which is dense wear-resistant materials. 2. A method of erecting a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that stones are used as wear-resistant materials, the dimensions of which are reduced from the base to the top of the fastening. 3. The method of construction of a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that tiles are used as wear-resistant materials, the thickness of which decreases from the base to the top of the fastener. 4. A method of erecting a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the braided wire from the base to the top of the fastening is reduced. 5. A method of erecting a flexible sloping fastening of a hydraulic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a solid carpet of woven mesh with an apron or a recessed base is fixed to the slope with anchors with drop-down heads.

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