RU2238254C1 - Method of preparing charge of blended rocket solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rocket fuels.

SUBSTANCE: method involves injection casting. Invention consists in that, in a method of preparing charge of blended rocket solid fuel comprising separation of initial components into several process mixtures; dosage; transportation; consecutive mixing in a series of mixers composed of preliminary, averaging, and vacuum mixers; evacuation of vacuum mixer jointly with stockline and press mold; feeding fuel mass into press mold and forming charge therein, vacuum mixer, according to invention, is evacuated jointly with stockline, feeding of fuel mass from averaging mixer is carried out at working stirrers if vacuum mixer until achieving its working level. Stockline is then filled with fuel mass with velocity constituting 0.2-0.5 its working value, stirrers of vacuum mixer are stopped, pressure in vacuum mixer and stockline is equalized with atmospheric pressure, upright press mold communicating with atmosphere is connected to stockline, after which only vacuum mixer is reevacuated and, maintaining specified levels of fuel mass in mixers and its temperature in mixers and stocklines, charge of blended rocket solid fuels formed by feeding fuel mass into press mold through stockline from below. Formation of initial part of charge of blended rocket solid fuel is accomplished at fuel mass feeding velocity by 10-15 times lower than that during formation of major part of the charge. When pressure in stockline rises, fuel mass feeding velocity is lowered to 0.2-0.5 its working velocity and fuel mass at the vacuum mixer outlet is cooled, after which fuel mass feeding velocity is re-raised to its working value and, when excessive pressure in stockline reaches 0.3-1.0 MPa, feeding of fuel mass is cut, press mold is disconnected, and fuel mass is polymerized at overpressure at temperature by 5 to 40^оС superior to average temperature of fuel mass. Application of invention allows capsulation of air in fuel mass when admitting it in vacuum mixer and stockline thereby assuring absence of air inclusion in the rocket fuel charge. Variable fuel mass feeding velocity and maintenance of superpressure in press mold in the course of polymerization provide solidity of charge during formation into size without "augmentation" volume.

EFFECT: improved performance characteristics of rocket fuel charge.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, namely to ammunition, and can find wide application in the field of rocketry, in particular in the manufacture of rocket solid propellant charges.

The object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel (SRTT) by injection molding.

A known method of continuous molding of charges SRTT according to US patent No. 3296043 and a method for remotely pouring high-energy fuel mass into the engine casing according to US patent No. 3562364, adopted for analogues. The application of these methods involves the continuous supply of fuel components to the mixer, their mixing, evacuation of the fuel mass with the mold and the formation of the SRTT charge by molding into the mold from above under pressure, while the moment the charge is formed is reached when the fuel mass arrives at the press -form given weight.

The use of the indicated methods for producing a SRTT charge requires evacuating the mold, creating additional volumes in it — “profits” (to ensure that heterogeneous and different-density “air-massed” parts of the fuel mass are subsequently removed into them during the casting process) , and does not provide the maximum filling of the rocket engine with fuel due to the presence of tolerances on the dimensions of its hull and technological equipment.

Thus, the objective of these technical solutions was to ensure the constancy of the weight of the charge of solid fuel with the possibility of placing additional volumes in the technological equipment - “profits” and ensuring reliable evacuation of the mold.

Common features with the method proposed by the authors for manufacturing a CPTT charge are the supply of fuel components to the mixer, their mixing, evacuation of the fuel mass, and molding of the CPTT charge by injection molding into a mold.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the claimed method is a method of mixing the components of explosive compositions and the formation of charges from them according to the RF patent No. 2132837 (IPC C 06 V 21/00), adopted by the authors for the prototype. The specified method includes the operations of dividing the starting products into several technological mixtures (binder with additives, hardeners, oxidizing agents), dosing, transportation, sequential mixing in the cascade of mixers, consisting of preliminary, averaging and vacuum mixers, evacuating a vacuum mixer with a mold, supplying fuel mass into the mold from above and molding the charge in the mold.

The manufacture of charges SRTT by the specified method significantly increases the safety of work (due to the separation of the starting products into several technological mixtures).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the well-known method for manufacturing CPTT charges adopted as a prototype include the fact that it requires, as with the use of analogue methods, evacuation of the mold and the provision in the tooling of additional volumes - “profits "

Thus, the objective of this technical solution (prototype) was to increase the safety of manufacturing explosive charges.

Common features with the proposed method of manufacturing CPTT charges by the authors are the separation of the starting products into several technological mixtures, dosing, transportation, sequential mixing in a cascade of mixers consisting of preliminary, averaging and vacuum mixers, evacuating a vacuum mixer, feeding the fuel mass into the mold and molding in her charge.

In contrast to the prototype, in the method proposed by the authors for producing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel, the vacuum mixer is vacuum assembled with the mass pipe, the fuel mass is supplied from the averaging mixer with the vacuum mixer agitators turned on to its operating level, after which the mass pipe is filled with the fuel mass feed rate, component of 0.2-0.5 working value, turn off the mixer of the vacuum mixer, equalize with atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer and mass pipe, attach vertically located and associated with the atmosphere, the mold is re-evacuated to the mass pipe, only the vacuum mixer is re-vacuum and, maintaining the given fuel mass levels in the mixers and its temperature in the mixers and mass pipelines, the mixed solid fuel charge is formed by feeding the fuel mass into the mold through the mass pipe from below moreover, the formation of the input part of the charge of mixed solid rocket fuel is carried out with a feed rate of the fuel mass 10-15 times less than when molding the bulk of the charge of the mixed rocket solid fuel, with increasing pressure in the mass path, reduce the fuel mass feed rate to 0.2-0.5 from the working mass and cool the fuel mass at the outlet of the vacuum mixer, after which the fuel mass feed rate is again increased to the operating value, and when excess the pressure in the mass pipe 0.3-1.0 MPa, the fuel mass supply is cut off, the mold is disconnected and the fuel mass is polymerized while maintaining excess pressure at a temperature that is 5-40 ° C higher than the average temperature of the fuel mass.

It is this that allows us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed technical solution and the achieved technical result. These signs, distinctive from the prototype and to which the requested amount of legal protection applies, are sufficient in all cases.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel, providing its high quality in terms of solidity (lack of air inclusions) and mass while reducing energy costs for evacuation by minimizing evacuated volumes in technological equipment.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel, including the separation of the starting products into several technological mixtures, dosing, transportation, sequential mixing in a cascade of mixers, consisting of preliminary, averaging and vacuum mixers, vacuum vacuum the mixer assembly with the mass pipe and the mold, the supply of fuel mass to the mold and the formation of a charge in it, especially The point is that the vacuum mixer is vacuum assembled with the mass line, the fuel mass is supplied from the averaging mixer with the agitators of the vacuum mixer turned on to its operating level, and then the mass line is filled with the mass flow rate of 0.2-0.5 working value, turn off the mixer of the vacuum mixer, equalize with atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer and the mass pipe, attach to the mass pipe a vertically located and associated with the atmosphere the mold, again only the vacuum mixer is evacuated and, maintaining the given levels of fuel mass in the mixers and its temperature in the mixers and mass lines, the mixed rocket solid fuel charge is formed by feeding the fuel mass into the mold through the mass pipe from below, and the input part of the mixed solid rocket charge is formed with the fuel mass feed rate is 10-15 times lower than when molding the bulk of the charge, with increasing pressure in the mass pipe, the fuel mass feed rate is reduced to 0.2-0.5 from the working th and cool the fuel mass at the outlet of the vacuum mixer, after which the fuel mass feed rate is again increased to the operating value, and when the overpressure in the mass pipe reaches 0.3-1.0 MPa, the fuel mass is cut off, the mold is disconnected and the fuel is polymerized mass with maintaining excess pressure at a temperature exceeding by 5-40 ° C the average temperature of the fuel mass.

The presence in the described method of manufacturing a charge of SRTT of a set of actions, the order of their execution in time and the conditions providing the ability to perform these actions, allows, in particular, due to:

- evacuating the vacuum mixer assembly with the mass pipe, supplying the fuel mass from the averaging mixer with the agitators of the vacuum mixer turned on and connecting the mold with the atmosphere - exclude the mold from the evacuated process equipment;

- loading the vacuum mixer with fuel mass to its operating level, followed by filling the mass pipe with a fuel mass feed rate of 0.2-0.5 working values, attaching a vertical mold to the mass pipe, re-evacuating the vacuum mixer assembly with the mass pipe, maintaining the working levels of the fuel mass in the mixers and its temperature in the mixers and mass pipelines, molding the charge of the SRTT fuel by feeding the fuel mass into the mold through the mass pipe from below, molding I of the input part of the charge with a feed rate of the fuel mass 10-15 times less than when molding the main mass of the charge, to ensure the removal of air inclusions from the fuel mass and the solidity of the SRTT charge;

- turning off the mixers of the vacuum mixer and aligning with atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer and the mass pipe - provide the ability to connect the mold to the mass pipe;

- cut-offs of the fuel mass supply by increasing the overpressure in the mass pipe until a value of 0.3-1.0 MPa is reached - to ensure accurate dosing of the fuel mass in the SRTT charge;

- decrease after increasing pressure in the mass pipe the fuel mass feed rate to 0.2-0.5 from the working speed, cooling the fuel mass at the outlet of the vacuum mixer with a subsequent increase in its feed rate to the operating value - to increase the sensitivity of the system to pressure increase during fuel metering masses;

- disconnecting the mold and polymerization of the fuel mass while maintaining excess pressure at a temperature that is 5-40 ° C higher than the average temperature of the fuel mass - to prevent separation of the fuel mass and to maintain the solidity of the CTT charge during polymerization.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid fuel, comprising dividing the starting products into several technological mixtures, dosing, transporting, sequential mixing in a cascade of mixers consisting of preliminary, averaging and vacuum mixers, evacuating the vacuum mixer assembly with the mass pipe and a mold, feeding the fuel mass into the mold and forming a charge therein, unlike the prototype according to the invention, a vacuum mixer they die together with the mass pipe, the fuel mass is supplied from the averaging mixer with the mixer of the vacuum mixer turned on to its working level, then it is filled with the mass pipe with a fuel mass feed rate of 0.2-0.5 of the working value, the mixer of the vacuum mixer is turned off, equalize the atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer and the mass pipe, attach a vertically located and atmospheric mold to the mass pipe, re-vacuum only the vacuum mixer and, supporting By setting the given fuel mass levels in the mixers and its temperature in the mixers and mass pipelines, the mixed rocket solid fuel charge is formed by feeding the fuel mass into the mold through the mass pipe from below, and the input part of the mixed solid rocket charge is formed at a fuel mass supply rate of 10- 15 times less than when molding the bulk of the charge, with increasing pressure in the mass pipe, reduce the feed rate of the fuel mass to 0.2-0.5 from the working mass and cool the fuel mass at the outlet of the vacuum of the mixer, after which the fuel mass flow rate is again increased to the operating value, and when excess pressure is reached in the mass line 0.3-1.0 MPa, the fuel mass flow is cut off, the mold is disconnected and the fuel mass is polymerized while maintaining excess pressure at a temperature exceeding 5-40 ° C average temperature of the fuel mass.

The drawing shows a diagram of the manufacture of charge SRTT by the proposed method. The numbers on the diagram indicate: dispensers 1, 2, 3, pre-mixer 4, averaging mixer 5 with mixers 6 and screw 7, vacuum mixer 8 with mixers 9 and screw 10, mass pipe 11 and mold 12.

The manufacture of charge SRTT by the proposed method is as follows.

The liquid-viscous and powdery starting components of CPTT are divided into several technological mixtures, which are dispensed by dispensers 1, 2, 3 and transported to a preliminary mixer 4, in which preliminary mixing of the components of the fuel mass is carried out. The components of the fuel mass pre-mixed in the pre-mixer 4 are fed into the averaging mixer 5, with the mixers 6 of which continue mixing the fuel mass. The vacuum mixer 8 assembly with the mass pipe 11 is sealed, create a vacuum in them with a residual pressure not exceeding 0.003 MPa, include mixers 9 of the vacuum mixer 8 and the screw 7 of the averaging mixer 5, which feed the fuel mass from the averaging mixer 5 to the vacuum mixer 8 before loading it to the working level, and then by turning on the screw 10 of the vacuum mixer 8 with a feed rate of the fuel mass of 0.2-0.5 of the working value, fill the mass pipe 11 with the fuel mass. Upon reaching a pressure in the fuel mass of 0.2-0.3 MPa, the mixers 9 of the vacuum mixer 8 are turned off and equalized with atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer 8 and the mass pipe 11 in 30-60 seconds, after which a vertically located and associated with the atmosphere is connected to the mass pipe 11 mold 12. After connecting the mold 12 to the mass pipe 11, only the vacuum mixer 8 is re-evacuated to a residual pressure not exceeding 0.003 MPa, the screw 10 of the vacuum mixer 8 is turned on, and the charge of the mixed solid rocket fuel is formed by feeding t plivnoy mass into the mold 12 from below through the stock lines 11, thus forming the inlet portion of the charge of solid fuel rocket smesevogo carried out at a flow rate of the fuel mass is 10-15 times lower than when forming the bulk of the charge of solid fuel rocket smesevogo.

All the above operations are carried out, constantly maintaining the operating levels of the fuel mass in the mixers 4, 5, 8, as well as its temperature in the mixers and mass pipelines within 40-70 ° C due to the heating of the shirts and screws of the mixers 4, 5, 8 by supplying a coolant to them moreover, with increasing pressure in the mass pipe 11, the fuel mass feed rate is reduced to 0.2-0.5 from the working mass and the fuel mass is cooled at the outlet of the vacuum mixer 8 by supplying a sleeve of its auger 10 with a coolant temperature of 5-25 ° C to the jacket 2-5 minutes, after which they again took away up to the operating value feed speed of the fuel mass. Upon reaching excess pressure in the mass line 8 0.3-1.0 MPa, the fuel mass supply is cut off, the mold 12 is disconnected and the fuel mass is polymerized while maintaining excess pressure at a temperature that is 5-40 ° C higher than the average temperature of the fuel mass.

The application of the described method for producing a CPTT charge allows eliminating air capsulation in the fuel mass when it is recruited into a vacuum mixer and mass pipe, as well as in the process of filling the mold, thereby ensuring the absence of air inclusions in the CPTT charge. The variable feed rate of the fuel mass and the maintenance of excess pressure in the mold during polymerization ensure the solidity of the CPTT charge during molding to a size without “profitable” volumes.

These advantages are confirmed by the manufacture according to the described method of an experimental batch of charges of SRTT at the plant. S.M. Kirova.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel, including the separation of the starting products into several technological mixtures, dosing, transportation, sequential mixing in a cascade of mixers, consisting of preliminary, averaging and vacuum mixers, evacuating a vacuum mixer, feeding the fuel mass into the mold and forming a charge in it mixed rocket solid fuel, characterized in that the vacuum mixer is vacuum assembled with a mass pipe, the supply of fuel mass from The reduction mixer is carried out with the vacuum mixer on, to its operating level, then fill it with the mass pipe with a fuel mass flow rate of 0.2-0.5 working value, turn off the vacuum mixer, turn off the atmospheric pressure in the vacuum mixer and mass pipe, they attach a mold located vertically and connected to the atmosphere to the mass pipe, only the vacuum mixer is re-vacuum and, maintaining the given levels of fuel mass in the mixers and its rate atura in mixers and mass pipelines, form the charge of mixed rocket solid fuel by feeding fuel mass into the mold through the mass pipe from below, and the formation of the input part of the charge of mixed rocket solid fuel is carried out with a feed rate of fuel mass 10-15 times lower than when molding the main part of the charge , with increasing pressure in the mass pipe, the fuel mass feed rate is reduced to 0.2-0.5 from the working mass and the fuel mass is cooled at the outlet of the vacuum mixer, after which it is again increased to the working value the rate of supply of the fuel mass, and when excess pressure in the mass pipe is reached of 0.3-1.0 MPa, the fuel mass is cut off, the mold is disconnected and the charge is polymerized while maintaining excess pressure in the mold at a temperature 5-40 ° C higher than the average fuel temperature masses.