RU2236347C1 - Machine for smoothing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped articles.

SUBSTANCE: machine has working member composed of two parts actuated by a vibrator whose housing is secured to the unmovable frame through flexible members. One part of the working member has the smooth working surface. The second part is made of radially arranged blades. The working member is covered from above with the casing secured to the housing of the driving device.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of working.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanization of finishing work associated with smoothing (grouting) of concrete structures and plastered surfaces with increased connectivity. Also, the materials to be machined can occur with an increase in the percentage of the viscous ingredient in them, the introduction of additional binders, or when the finishing work is delayed, when partial setting of the surface layer has already occurred.

The specific conditions noted above do not allow the full use of common tools for smoothing surfaces, the main of which for portable machines is a solid smooth disk. In this case, it is first necessary to carry out preparatory work on leveling the surface, namely cutting off the excess protrusions (bumps) and shifting them to the side, and then proceed to really finishing smoothing. To perform the first operation, a working body made of blade knives can be used [1], and for the second operation it is necessary to change this working body to a solid smooth one. However, with such a double effect on the surface to be treated with different replaceable organs, the overall performance of finishing work decreases.

The objective of the invention is to find such a technical solution that would allow the entire process described above to be performed by one working body, naturally, if there are separate blade knives in it. Otherwise, the operation to remove excess protrusions on the surface of the processed material remains problematic.

The object [2] with a round-shaped working body made of two parts joined together, the surface of one of which is smooth and the other shaped, saturated with individual pins, protruding their ends above the smooth surface of the opposite part of the working body, whose drive made from an unbalanced circular vibrator with a housing connected to a fixed frame (carrier) by means of elastic elements. The movement of such a working body on the treated surface is carried out in two ways: due to circular vibration and translational movement from the carrier. Moreover, the latter is carried out strictly directed and so that at first the pin part of the working body works, and after it - smooth. Such a movement is quite justified, since the pins introduce special powder previously applied to it into the moist surface medium, and then they wipe the surface enriched with the additive. However, such a technology for cutting excess protrusions with petal knives becomes unacceptable, because the knives can only work with circumferential rotation. If the pins in the prototype are replaced with radially mounted blade knives and the other smooth part of the working body is left unchanged, then such a working body will be unbalanced and create a circular vibration during its rotation. Moreover, the unbalance will be the mass difference between the smooth part and the blade blade. This eliminates the need for the vibrator, which took place in the prototype. In the proposed device, the working body itself should be mounted on the drive shaft, which in the prototype is fixedly attached to the housing of the drive device. Another difference of the proposed smoothing machine is that its rotating working body is closed from above by a casing equipped with a side window fastened to the housing of the drive device. The latter is necessary for two reasons. Firstly, it is a high-speed vibrator, so its rotating parts must have a safety fence. But the implementation of the enclosing casing with the side window has another purpose - to ensure directed and throwing outward cut material with blade knives so that it does not accumulate inside the casing and does not interfere with smoothing the surface with a smooth part of the working body.

The proposed smoothing machine is presented in figures 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1 shows a side view of the device, figure 2 shows a section along "aa", and figure 3 is a plan view of the working body.

The device includes a working body of rounded shape 1, consisting of two parts fastened together: 1a - with a smooth working surface and 1b - with a set of radially arranged blade knives. The base of the vertical drive shaft 2, which passes through the central hole of the outer casing 3 with its outer side window, is attached to the working body. The shaft 2 is connected by a coupling 4 with a drive device, made, for example, in the form of a gearbox 5 (or without it) and an engine 6. The housing of the drive device 5-6 is fastened to the casing 3 using racks 7, and with the help of horizontally placed elastic elements 8 is connected to a fixed frame (carrier) 9, equipped with supporting lower legs 9a.

The proposed smoothing machine works as follows. From the engine 6, preferably a pneumatic one, which makes it possible to vary the rotational speeds of its shaft, and then through the elements 5-4-2, the rotation is obtained by the working body 1, which, due to its imbalance and the presence of a more massive smooth part 1a, will create a circular vibration, the amplitude of which can be controlled by preloading the elastic elements 8. However, the effect of vibration creates only a high-quality local surface treatment, but does not solve its quantitative side. In other words, to achieve productivity, this machine still needs to be moved along the machined surface. This is done when the carrier 9 is applied (manually or mechanically), which should be done with the front location of the side window of the casing 3. In order for the particles of the material to be cut off by the petal knives 1b to fly out through the window of the casing 3 purposefully (and not to be scattered across the entire surface), it is necessary When machining an inclined surface, move the machine from top to bottom. In this case, the reverse rotation of the elements 6-5-4-2-1 can be used. For this, the petal knives 1b must have a versatile side sharpening. The operation of the device also depends on the clamping force of the working body, which is achieved by axially pressing the carrier 9 and transferring this force from the support legs 9a to the casing 3 and its working body 1. This force should not be too large, because in this case the forces increase friction of the working body on the contact surface. But too small efforts may not be sufficient to cut off the protrusions-tubercles on the treated surface. Usually, the optimal efforts of pressing the working bodies are achieved empirically and depend mainly on the physical and mechanical state of the treated surfaces. However, it can already be assumed a priori that when moving to a new place, the force of axial pressing should increase, and then gradually decrease. At the same time, the casing 3 should not touch the work surface and at the same time the clearance between it and the working body in height should be minimal, because otherwise the advantages of ejecting excess material cut off by the knives through the side window of the casing will be nullified.

Now it should be said about the criteria of the invention.

We believe that the combined working body - knife and smooth, as a unit in its design and use, falls under the criterion of "world novelty."

The criterion of “inventive step” is characterized by the significant differences noted above that determine the new functioning of the proposed facility - the simultaneous performance of cutting and smoothing operations.

The criterion of “industrial applicability” is achieved by the accessibility of the manufacture of the device and its use, the latter being manifested in the utilitarian advantages of the device, namely in the single and immediate final use of only one working body - smooth-skinned. And from here follows its increased effectiveness.

Information sources

1. Bolotny A.V. Smoothing concrete surfaces. - L .: Stroyizdat. 1979.p.11, fig. 2

2. Shavolov A.S. etc. Smoothing device. A.S. No. 1779600 A 1, Bull. No. 45, 1992

Claims (1)

A smoothing machine, comprising a working body, consisting of two parts, the drive of which is carried out from an unbalanced circular vibrator with a housing connected to the fixed frame by means of elastic elements, characterized in that one part of the working body is made with a smooth working surface, and the second, bonded with part of it, recruited from radially arranged blade knives, while the mass difference of these parts of the working body forms an unbalanced vibrator, and the working body is closed on top fastened to the body m drive unit casing, equipped with a side window.

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