RU223537U1 - DERMABRASION DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to electrosurgical instruments - electrodes for dermabrasion (dermatobrasion), designed to remove superficial layers of skin using electrocoagulation. The technical problem is to develop a device for dermabrasion designed to remove superficial layers of skin of a given thickness (depth) in areas of any shape, allowing the formation of a skin flap for autodermal plastic surgery of abdominal wall defects. The technical result is an expansion of the arsenal of devices for removing superficial layers of skin using the electrocoagulation method. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for dermabrasion, according to the solution, contains a U-shaped frame and a frame fastening element made in the form of two rings, external and internal, in the lower part of the U-shaped frame, between the ends of the sides, a wire electrode is fixed, and in the upper part there is an element for connecting to a device for electrocoagulation, the inner support ring is installed inside the U-shaped frame above the wire electrode, it has two flat side platforms and two round sides with threads on the outer surfaces, the outer support ring on the inner surface has a thread for connection to the inner support ring, wherein the outer support ring is connected to the inner support ring so that the sides of the U-shaped frame are sandwiched between the outer and inner rings, the U-shaped frame is made of a conductive material, has an electrically insulating coating and is electrically connected to the fastening element to the electrocoagulation device. 6 ill.

Description

Field of technology

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to electrosurgical instruments - electrodes for dermabrasion (dermatobrasion), designed to remove superficial layers of skin using electrocoagulation.

State of the art

Removal of the surface layers of the skin is used in aesthetic medicine in the treatment of skin diseases with cosmetic defects, to eliminate scars, tattoos, pigmentation, rejuvenation, etc. Another indication for the removal of the surface layers of the skin is the preparation of a skin flap for autodermal repair of hernia defects. In the classic version, the skin flap excised in the area of the hernial protrusion is scalded with boiling water (94-96 °C), and then the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue are removed mechanically using a scalpel. The autodermal flap treated with antimicrobial drugs is subsequently used to close defects in the abdominal wall during hernioplasty (V.N. Yanov method).

In aesthetic medicine, the destruction (removal) of the surface layers of the skin refers to ablative methods and is achieved by mechanical, thermal, electrosurgical or chemical effects. When describing ablative methods in cosmetology, the term “skin resurfacing” or dermabrasion (dermatobrasion) is often used. There are many known devices for similar effects on the surface layers of the skin. Mechanical action is carried out using tools with a moving (rotating) working part. When using a laser or electrocoagulation, the effect is achieved mainly due to thermal effects, and in the case of diathermocoagulation, only due to it. Recently, the coblation method (cold plasma ablation) has been widely used, in which high-frequency alternating current passes between the electrodes through an electrolyte solution. In this case, the temperature does not exceed 70 °C, and the effect is carried out by a highly focused plasma field in an ionized solution, which destroys molecular bonds in biological tissues.

Despite the variety of technical solutions, electrocoagulation, especially high-frequency (HF) and radio wave electrocoagulation, continues to be widely used in cosmetology, oncology and surgery to remove (destruct) the surface layers of the skin or tumors. Electrosurgical devices with operating frequencies from 440 kHz to 1.5 MHz conditionally belong to the “high-frequency” class, with frequencies from 1.5 to 7 MHz - to the “radio wave” class [https://fotek.ru/upload/iblock/91d /91d1ffe014f1bcf9d8f52995b3513ce6.pdf]. Abroad, one of the first devices for radio wave surgery (operating frequency 3.8-4.0 MHz) was developed by Ellman International (USA). The range of domestic devices for HF and radio wave electrocoagulation from Fotek is widely represented on the Russian market. The use of “radio wave” frequency significantly reduces the area of tissue necrosis and thermal exposure, which minimizes tissue charring and sticking to the electrode. There are a number of other advantages [https://www.deal-med.ru/files/instruction/instruction_emc.pdf].

The undoubted advantage of electrosurgical equipment is its versatility. In most cases, to solve specialized problems in cosmetology, oncology, surgery or endosurgery, it is enough to change the electrode and adjust the operating mode of the device. Both for Fotek devices (Russia) [https://fotek.ru/catalog/00000031663/00000031670/] and for Surgitron devices (Ellman International, USA) [https://www.surgitron.ru/ instrumenti-obshego-naznachenia/elektrody/], there are sets of electrodes for cosmetology. For example, loop electrodes of triangular, diamond-shaped or round shape made of refractory alloys (tungsten, etc.).

However, when using such electrodes, the accuracy and uniformity of the effect on tissue depends solely on the skill of the doctor. The doctor cannot preset the depth of the impact and relies only on experience and precision of movements.

An electrode for electrosurgical skin resurfacing is known (see patent US 5746746, IPC A61B18/14, published 05/05/1998). The electrode is a removable working part for Surgitron electrocoagulators manufactured by Ellman International, Inc. from Hewlett, New York. The electrode can be used to remove superficial formations or polish the skin using monopolar electrocoagulation. The device contains a brass rod coated with electrical insulating material, the proximal end of which is fixed in the collet clamp of the working part of the electrocoagulator, and a triangular loop electrode made of tungsten wire is fixed at the distal (working) end. The side segments of the loop electrode are also covered with electrical insulating material that extends to the base of the triangular electrode. The thickness of the insulating material at the ends of the main electrode segment determines the thickness of the tissue layer to be cut. To facilitate the movement of the electrode and uniform cutting of the surface layer of the integumentary tissue, the electrode is placed on a movable guide element with an inclined top, clamps for fastening the electrode and small wheels. We chose this device as a prototype.

However, this option for fastening the electrode allows it to be moved only in one direction, makes it difficult to rotate the device in a limited area and excludes the formation of a round-shaped autodermal skin flap to strengthen or close defects of the abdominal wall. In addition, the proximal part of the electrode is structurally compatible only with the collet clamp of the working part of a certain type of electrocoagulator.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical problem is to develop a device for dermabrasion designed to remove superficial layers of skin of a given thickness (depth) in areas of any shape, allowing the formation of a skin flap for autodermal plastic surgery of abdominal wall defects.

The technical result is an expansion of the arsenal of devices for removing superficial layers of skin using the electrocoagulation method.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for dermabrasion, according to the solution, contains a U-shaped frame and a frame fastening element made in the form of two rings, external and internal, in the lower part of the U-shaped frame, between the ends of the sides, a wire electrode is fixed, and in the upper part there is an element for fastening to the device for electrocoagulation, the inner support ring is installed inside the U-shaped frame above the wire electrode, it has two flat side platforms and two round sides with threads on the outer surfaces, the outer support ring on the inner surface has threads for connection with the inner support ring, wherein the outer support ring is connected to the inner support ring so that the sides of the U-shaped frame are sandwiched between the outer and inner rings, the U-shaped frame is made of conductive material, has an electrically insulating coating and is electrically connected by means of a fastening element to a device for electrocoagulation, wherein said fastening element is made in the form of a collet body with a connector and a cartridge.

Brief description of the drawings.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings:

in fig. 1 - the structural elements of the proposed device are presented in disassembled form;

in fig. 2 – the claimed device is shown in assembled form;

in fig. 3 - shows the inventive device in assembled form (bottom view);

in fig. 4 - shows an example of connecting a dermabrasion device to the working part of an electrocoagulator;

in fig. 5 - shows an image of a section of the surface layer of skin at a given depth,

in fig. 6 - shows an image of a skin area with a cut off surface layer.

Positions in the drawings indicate:

1 – wire electrode, 2 – U-shaped frame of the wire electrode, 3 – electrical insulating coating, 4 – springy split collet sleeve, 5 – collet body, 6 – collet connector cartridge, 7 – internal support ring, 8 – flat side platforms, 9 – outer support ring, 10 – standard electrode for electrocoagulation, 11 – working part of the electrocoagulator, 12 – collet connector assembly, 13 – cable for connecting to the electrocoagulator with a connector, 14 – surface of the patient’s body, 15 – cut surface layer of skin, 16 - an area of skin with a cut off surface layer.

Implementation of a utility model

The inventive device contains a U-shaped frame (support) 2 and a frame fastening element made in the form of two rings, outer 9 and inner 7 (Fig. 1). In the lower part of the U-shaped frame 2, between the ends of the sides, a wire electrode 1 is fixed, and in the upper part there is a fastening element to the device for electrocoagulation. The inner support ring 7 is installed inside the U-shaped frame 2 above the wire electrode 1; it has two flat side pads 8 and two round sides with threads on the outer surfaces. The outer support ring 9 on the inner surface has a thread for connection with the inner support ring 7. In this case, the outer support ring 9 is threaded onto the inner support ring 7 so that the sides of the U-shaped frame 2 are sandwiched between the outer and inner rings.

The distance between the outer surfaces of the flat platforms 8 is equal to the distance between the side segments of the U-shaped frame 2 of the wire electrode 1. The inner diameter of the outer support ring 9 is equal to the distance between the outer parts of the side segments of the U-shaped frame 2.

The U-shaped frame 2 is made of conductive material, has an electrically insulating coating 3 and is electrically connected to the fastening element to the device for electrocoagulation, made, for example, in the form of a collet body with a connector (spring split sleeve of the collet connector) 4 and a cartridge 6. Collet body 5 made of electrically insulating material, has slots along the collet blades and threads for collet chuck 6.

Wire electrode 1 is made of refractory wire, such as tungsten.

In fig. 2 and 3 show two projections of the general view of the claimed device assembled, in 3D format. The inner support ring 7 is installed inside the U-shaped support 2 above the wire electrode 1 (Fig. 2). In this case, the side segments of the U-shaped support 2 are adjacent to the side platforms 8. The outer support ring 9 is threaded onto the internal support ring 7 in such a way that the side segments of the U-shaped support 2 are sandwiched between rings 7 and 9. As the outer one is screwed The support ring 9 reduces the distance between the wire electrode 1 and its edge (Fig. 3), which allows you to adjust the depth of exposure of the active part of the electrode to the tissue. The collet cartridge (collet chuck) 6 is threaded onto the body of the collet 5 so that the petals of the springy split bushing of the collet connector 4 are in the open position.

The device works as follows.

The device is connected to an electrode for electrocoagulation 10, fixed in the working part of the electrocoagulator 11, using a collet connector 12 of the proposed device (Fig. 4). The working part of the electrocoagulator 11 with the electrode is connected to the electrocoagulator using a cable with connector 13.

Since the inventive device is intended to be used in a monopolar mode, the second electrode (not shown in the figure) is installed on the patient’s body in accordance with the electrocoagulator manufacturer’s instructions.

During operation, wire electrode 1 is pressed to the surface of the patient's body 14, it is rotated around the axis of support rings 7 and 9, cutting off the surface layer of skin to a given depth (Fig. 5). In this case, the surface layer of skin 15 is cut off inside the support ring 7, forming a round platform 16 (Fig. 6). Next, the area of skin with the removed epidermis is separated from the fatty tissue and an autodermal flap is formed from it.

By moving the dermabrasion device, you can remove the surface layer on any shaped area of skin.

In this example, a round skin defect is created at the site of an intestinal stoma during emergency and planned surgical operations in patients with various abdominal pathologies. A ring is subsequently cut out from the autodermal flap, which can be sewn into the abdominal wall defect under the aponeurosis of the external oblique abdominal muscle to strengthen the stomal canal and prevent the formation of a parastomal hernia.

Compliance with a number of conditions during the formation of transrectal and pararectal intestinal stomas described by two groups of authors [Manook M., Almoudaris A.M., Zosimas D., Hayles K., Hepworth C. 'Hepworth hitch': parastomal hernia prevention by simple modifications of operative techniques. Tech Coloproctol. 2018 Jun;22(6):461-463; Evans MD, Thomas C, Beaton C, Williams GL, McKain ES, Stephenson BM. Lowering the incidence of stomal herniation: further follow up of the lateral rectus abdominis positioned stoma. Colorectal Diseases 2011; 13(6):716-7], in combination with strengthening the abdominal wall defect with an autodermal ring, it is much cheaper and no more difficult to use mesh implants for the prevention of parastomal hernias.

Thus, the inventive device allows you to remove the surface layer of skin of a given thickness on a skin area of any shape. It is capable of moving within a limited area in any direction while maintaining a given depth of impact. The device is compatible with electrocoagulators from different manufacturers and can be used both in aesthetic medicine and in surgery to form a skin flap for autodermal plastic surgery of abdominal wall defects.

Claims (1)

A device for dermabrasion, characterized in that it contains a U-shaped frame and a frame fastening element made in the form of two rings, external and internal, in the lower part of the U-shaped frame, between the ends of the sides, a wire electrode is fixed, and in the upper part - fastening element to the device for electrocoagulation, the inner support ring is installed inside the U-shaped frame above the wire electrode, it has two flat side platforms and two round sides with threads on the outer surfaces, the outer support ring on the inner surface has a thread for connection with the inner support a ring, wherein the outer support ring is connected to the inner support ring so that the sides of the U-shaped frame are sandwiched between the outer and inner rings, the U-shaped frame is made of conductive material, has an electrically insulating coating and is electrically connected by means of a fastening element to a device for electrocoagulation, wherein said fastening element is made in the form of a collet body with a connector and a cartridge.