RU2234480C2 - Raw mixture and method of manufacture of cellular ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of cellular ceramics; manufacture of building materials.

SUBSTANCE: proposed raw mixture contains the following components, mass-%: carbonized loam, 52.5-63.3; compacted micro-silica at bulk density of up to 0.5 t/cu m, 3.2-10 and foaming agent, 1.5-2.5. Mixture contains additionally water in the amount of 32-45 mass-%. Proposed method includes preparation of mixture, molding, drying and roasting; micro-silica is compacted by granulation at addition of detergent. Active air entrainment in slip is ensured by surface active properties of main ingredient of organic additive-tall oil acids. Second stage of porization is performed by introducing commercial foam into raw mass prepared by bubbling aqueous solution of 0.7-1.3-mass-% of detergent.

EFFECT: use of technogenious raw material; enhanced strength; improved heat-insulating characteristics.

3 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The present invention relates to the production of ceramic foam and can be used for the manufacture of building materials.

Closest to the proposed raw mix in technical essence and the achieved effect is a raw mix, including in wt.%:

Ash CHP, ground

brick fight or

crushed waste slag 0.5-10.0

Sawdust and / or coal with a particle size of not more than 5 mm 0.5-15.0

Granulated blast furnace slag 0.1-6.9

Clay and / or loam Other [1]

The disadvantage of this mixture is the need for a rather expensive additive - blast furnace granulated slag, relatively high thermal conductivity and high average density.

The technical result is the involvement of technogenic raw materials in the production of building materials, reducing the average density and coefficient of structural quality, improving the thermal characteristics.

The technical result is achieved in that the raw material mixture, including loam, a silica-containing component and a pore former, is characterized in that, as loam, carbonized loam with a carbonate content of 20-25% is used, and the silica-containing component is compacted silica fume with a bulk density of up to 0.5 t / m ³ , as a blowing agent - Taiga detergent, the mixture additionally contains water, in the following ratio of the components of the mixture, wt.%:

Carbonized Loam 52.5-63.3

The specified silica fume 3.2-10

Detergent "Taiga" 1,5-2,5

Water 32-35

The carbonized loam of the Anzebinsk deposit contains, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 54.34; Al ₂ O ₃ - 12.44; TiO ₂ 0.71; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 3.84; FeO - 1.43; CaO 5.84; MgO - 5.44; Na ₂ O - 2; K ₂ O - 2.66; loss on ignition - 10.36.

Silica fume produced by crystalline silicon is an ultrafine waste with a specific surface area of 25 ... 34 m ² / g, amorphous silicon oxide content of up to 93 wt.% And bulk density of 150 ... 250 kg / m ³ . The chemical composition of silica fume, wt.%: SiO ₂ 86-93; Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.14-1.28; MgO 1.03-1.20; Na ₂ O 0.39-0.46; K ₂ O 0.28-0.42; Al ₂ O ₃ 0.7-1.05; CaO 0.26-0.44; loss on ignition 3.7-5.29. Silica fume has a low bulk density (150-250 kg / m ³ ) and is compacted to a bulk density of 0.5 t / m ³ to reduce transport costs and dusting.

Taiga Detergent (TU 13-4302007-032-92) was developed by Bratskkompleksholding OJSC and is a jelly-like product consisting of sodium salts of natural vegetable fats of the C16-C22 fraction obtained from the processing of coniferous wood at the pulp and paper industry . The Taiga detergent contains: tall saponified fatty acids 98.6; formalin (preservative) 0.2; sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose 0.5; fragrance for soap and detergents 0.7.

The input of Taiga detergent provides the formation of combined porosity and the creation of a balanced structure of raw and crock with improved strength and thermal characteristics.

The combination of carbonized loam and silica fume causes the formation of high-strength, long-lasting crystalline phases during firing - diopside, feldspars, reinforcing shards.

A method of manufacturing ceramic products, including preparing the mixture, molding, drying and firing, characterized in that when using the raw material mixture according to claim 1, silica fume is compacted with granulation with the addition of 0.8-1.2% Tyaiga detergent. Active air entrainment into the slip is due to the surface-active properties of the main ingredient of the organic additive - tall saponified acids. The second stage of porization is carried out by introducing into the raw material mass of technical foam prepared by bubbling an aqueous solution of 0.7-1.3 wt.% Taiga detergent.

Example.

The manufacture of the material is as follows. Silica fume is placed in the granulator while feeding an aqueous solution of Taiga detergent, where it is compacted to a bulk density of 500 kg / m ³ . A slurry is prepared from loam and water. The slip is mixed with a compacted granular silica fume rotary mixer. Technical foam is introduced into the mixture obtained by sparging with air an aqueous solution of Taiga detergent with a water: detergent ratio of 1: 1. The finished raw material mass is poured into the mold and fed to drying at 60 ... 80 ° C. Products are fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C.

The compositions of the raw mixes and the physical and technical characteristics of the products are given in table. 1 and 2.

Sources of information

1. RF patent 2183208, publ. 06/10/2002, С 04 В 33/00. Korolev V.N., Korolev V.I., Mazun A.A. and etc.

Claims (2)

1. The raw material mixture for the manufacture of cellular ceramics, including loam, a silica-containing component and a pore former, characterized in that carbonized loam with a carbonate content of 20-25% is used as loam, and the silica-containing component is compacted silica fume with a bulk density of up to 0.5 t / m ³ , as a blowing agent - Taiga detergent, the mixture additionally contains water, in the following ratio of the components of the mixture, wt.%: Carbonized Loam 52.5-63.3 The specified silica fume 3.2-10 Detergent "Taiga" 1,5-2,5 Water 32-35 2. A method of manufacturing a cellular ceramic from a raw material mixture containing loam, a silica-containing component and a pore former, including preparing the mixture, molding, drying and firing, characterized in that when using the raw material mixture according to claim 1, silica fume is compacted by granulation when fed to granulator 0, 8-1.2% Taiga detergent, then compacted silica fume is mixed with a rotary mixer with a clay slip made of loam and water, after which 0.7-1.3 wt.% Taiga detergent is introduced in the form of technical oh foam obtained by bubbling detergent "Taiga" 50% concentration aqueous solution with air.