RU2234209C1 - Apparatus for harvesting of lodged pea - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for harvesting of lodged crops.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has belt conveyor with springy fingers-rakes, which are fixed on belt in transverse rows. Eccentric-type winder with elastic blades is positioned above belt conveyor, elastic blades being made from rubberized tape. Blades are arranged at pitch multiple space between rows of fingers-rakes of conveyor. Front part of conveyor rests upon two supporting-following shoes equipped with cutting disks. During operation of apparatus, cutting disks cut lodged and intermingled pea plants from basic field massif. Winder blades and springy fingers-rakes grasp and lift lodged pea plants over the entire width of apparatus and pull said plants from roots. Harvested mass is further directed to screw and fed by means of conveyor of inclined chamber to threshing unit of combine. Elastic blades do not overlap springy fingers-rakes owing to pitch of elastic blades, which is multiple space between rows of fingers-rakes.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability in operation and increased efficiency.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for harvesting laid down legumes.

Known devices for harvesting legumes: A.S. USSR No. 1060137, class A 01 D 65/00 (Bull. No 37 1985); A.S. USSR No. 1551275, class A 01 D 41/00 (Bull. No. 11 of 1990); A.S. USSR No. 1584802, cl. A 01 D 34/00 (Bull. No. 30 1990) and others. These devices have a common drawback - large losses when harvesting legumes, such as peas.

Known device A.S. USSR No. 1183022, class A 01 D 57/02 (Bull. No 37 1985), consisting of a reel containing a drive and driven sprockets, interconnected by a closed chain. The main fingers are installed on the links of the chain contour, and each of them is equipped with an additional finger mounted at its end with the possibility of limited rotation around the axis, while the plane of rotation of the finger is perpendicular to the plane of the chain contour. The main fingers have the ability to rotate around an axis, the latter being parallel to the chain contour.

The device also contains a mechanism for deflecting additional fingers, which is made in the form of a copier, pivotally mounted on the axes of the driving and driven chain sprockets and levers for interacting with the copier, rigidly fixed to each main finger. In this case, the lever is connected by a cable to an additional finger, which is spring-loaded with a spring relative to the main finger.

The disadvantage of this device is the large losses during operation of the unit.

Known device A.S. USSR No. 1692343, class A 01 D 34/00 (Bull. No. 43 of 1991), consisting of a platform, a reel with a shaft and supports mounted on supports. The mechanism for moving the reel along the support consists of a hydraulic cylinder of the movement lever and a rod connecting the lever with the support. The reel drive mechanism consists of a drive chain, drive and driven sprockets mounted on the reel shaft, and also mounted on the support of a fixed bypass sprocket and a movable bypass sprocket mounted on the bracket. The bracket is mounted on the lever with the possibility of rotation around the axis and is connected with the lever by means of an elastic element, such as a spring.

The disadvantage of this device is the high cost of manual labor and the loss of harvested crops during work.

Of the known devices, the closest in technical essence is the device (see RF patent No. 2096942, published in the journal "Engineering in Agriculture", No. 2, p. 31, 1999), consisting of a pick-up platform with a conveyor belt and spring tine fingers. Since, at the time of full ripeness, the stems and pea root system are connected to each other by a softened root neck, and all cenosis plants are connected by strong spiral-like tendrils, the plants are separated from the soil without cutting with a cutting device. Right and left vertical circular knives are installed in front of the pick-up. The installation system of vertical circular knives allows you to first cut down dead and confused pea plants from the main field array by the width of the pick-up platform, and then tear them off with your rake fingers and feed it to the combine thresher with a conveyor.

The disadvantages of this device:

- uneven supply of mass to the threshing machine of the combine due to its accumulation in front of and above the conveyor;

- increased losses of harvested peas.

The invention is aimed at eliminating the above disadvantages. The following technical result was obtained from its use:

- uniform supply of the harvested mass to the threshing apparatus;

- reduction of losses and injuries of grain;

- reduction in operating costs.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that on the device for harvesting dead peas, containing a conveyor belt with spring fingers-rake, two supporting and copy shoes with vertical cutting circular knives, auger, to ensure uniform supply of harvested mass to the threshing machine of the combine and reduce grain loss mounted eccentric reel with elastic blades, which are made of rubberized tape with teeth cut out on it, and the conveyor belt and elastic l the jaws of the reel have the same linear speed, and pitch of the blades of the eccentric resilient reel multiple of the distance between the rows of spring-finger rake conveyor belt.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for harvesting dead peas.

Figure 2 shows the elastic reel blade.

The proposed device consists of a housing 1 (Fig. 1), on which a belt conveyor is mounted, consisting of a U-shaped frame, front 2 and rear 3 drive shafts and conveyor belt 4. The front 2 and rear 3 drive shafts rely on self-aligning ball axles single-grease bearings located in stamped housings and mounted on mounting brackets that allow you to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt 4. The conveyor belt 4 consists of a three-layer rubberized belt with attached to it with brackets, in which, using spring clips, spring-loaded tine-spring fingers are fixed 5. Moreover, tine-fingers 5 are fixed on the conveyor belt 4 in transverse rows.

A universal eccentric reel, consisting of a shaft 7, to which the disks 8 are welded, with fixed beams 9, is mounted above the conveyor belt on the supports 6, pivotally attached to the housing 1, the beams 9 are connected to the rake 10, to the brackets 11 of which elastic blades 12 are fixed, made of rubberized tape with teeth cut out on it (figure 2). Thanks to the eccentric mechanism, the inclination of the elastic blades 12, which is established depending on the flatness of the harvested mass, is maintained during rotation of the reel. The pitch of the elastic blades 12 is a multiple of the distance between the rows of fingers-rake 5 of the conveyor.

The belt conveyor is driven by a cross V-belt drive from the upper pulley of the reel speed variator, the elastic blades 12 and the conveyor belt 4 having the same linear speeds. The front part of the conveyor rests on two supporting copying shoes 13 with longitudinal slots and vertical cutting devices. The vertical cutting apparatus consists of an axis on which bearings are mounted in the hub, to which a flat disk knife 14 is riveted, rotating in the longitudinal slot of the shoe 13.

The device operates as follows. Before the combine arrives at the harvested area by means of adjusting mechanisms, the necessary clearance is established between the ends of the rake fingers 5 and the soil surface (20 ... 40 mm); depth of stroke of circular knives 14 (30 ... 40 mm); the angle of inclination of the elastic blades 12; the distance between the elastic blades 12 of the reel and the conveyor belt 4 (depending on the condition of the crops and the necessary effort to detach the stems); during operation, the elastic blades 12 of the reel should not run onto spring fingers-tines 5 of the conveyor belt 4.

When the combine is moving, the supporting-copying shoes 13, mounted on both sides, press the dead and mixed up pea plants to the soil surface, and the disk knives 14, installed in the longitudinal slots of the supporting-copying shoes 13, are cut off (in a vertical plane) and separated from the main array field. The elastic blades 12 of the eccentric reel and spring conveyor tines 5, having the same linear speeds, grab and lift dead pea plants across the entire working width of the device, tear them from the roots and direct them to the screw 15. Due to the multiplicity of the pitch of the elastic blades 12, the distance between the rows spring fingers-rake 5 of the conveyor belt elastic blades 12 do not run on spring fingers-rake 5, which ensures reliable operation of the structure. Then, the floating mass of the inclined chamber is fed to the threshing machine of the combine.

Claims (1)

A device for harvesting dead peas, comprising a conveyor belt with spring fingers-rake, a screw and two supporting copy shoes with cutting discs, characterized in that it is equipped with an eccentric reel with elastic blades made of rubberized tape with teeth cut out on it, while spring rake fingers are arranged in transverse rows on the conveyor belt, and the pitch of the elastic blades of the eccentric reel is a multiple of the distance between the rows of rake fingers.

Images