RU2233522C2 - Ladder-type cable tray (alternatives) and cable line laying system (alternatives) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical and radio engineering; cable and wire laying.

SUBSTANCE: proposed cable tray designed to first alternate has two open faceted spars joined together by means of crossbars whose ends are secured inside flat spars; faces of the latter inwardly directed to tray are disposed perpendicular to spars; each spar has at least one stiffening rib at least on intermediate face made in the from of groove deepened into spar; crossbars are provided with at least one depression in each of their ends whose shape follows that of groove and they are secured through their butt-ends on intermediate faces of spars so that mentioned butt-ends come in contact with the latter over their entire surface. Ladder-type tray designed to second alternate has two faceted spars joined together by means of crossbars each of whose ends is secured on at least one face of spar; three extreme faces of each spar enclose ends of crossbars, and its remaining faces form side wall of tray. Power line laying system of first design alternate has cable trays designed to first alternate and faceted joining members, each joining spars of adjacent trays; extreme faces of each joining member are disposed in same plane and in opposite directions, each joining member being disposed in planes of open faceted spars of adjacent trays. System of second design alternate has trays designed to second alternate and each of their faceted joining members is mounted on intermediate faces of spars being joined that follow its shape.

EFFECT: enlarged useful space for cable products, enhanced stiffness, eliminated occupational traumatism and injure to cable in its laying.

15 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electro-radio engineering and is intended for laying electric cables and wires, control and data transmission cables, fiber optic lines and telecommunications in industrial premises, office buildings, schools, hospitals, and enterprises.

The closest in technical essence is a ladder-type cable tray containing two unclosed multifaceted spars connected by crossbars whose ends are fixed inside the spar cavities, and the spar faces facing the inside of the tray are inclined to the crossbar to form an obtuse angle from the outside, as well as a system for laying of cable lines, comprising at least two cable ladders of a ladder type and at least two connecting elements, each of which connects the side members of adjacent Bel'nov trays [1].

A disadvantage of the known cable tray and the system for laying cable lines is the small usable volume filled with cables, the insufficient rigidity of the side members and the low strength of the welded joints.

The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the net volume filled with cable products, increase the rigidity of the side members and the strength of welded joints, as well as eliminate injuries during the installation of trays and damage to cables during their installation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the ladder type tray for power lines and / or communication lines containing two unclosed polyhedral spars connected by crossbars, the ends of which are fixed inside the spars cavities, the spars faces facing the inside of the tray are perpendicular to the crossbars, each the spar is made with at least one longitudinal stiffener, at least on the middle face, made in the form of a groove deepened inwardly of the spar, the ends of the crossbars have at least deepening of one, coinciding in shape with the profile of the groove, and the beams are secured at their ends faces of secondary spars so that said end faces are contacted with the latter over its entire surface.

In addition, in the particular case:

- the side members have additionally similar longitudinal stiffeners, at least one on each of the faces adjacent to the middle face, and / or on each of the faces facing the inside of the tray;

- the crossbars have a C-shaped cross section;

- the crossbars are made with perforation;

- the tray is equipped with two additional spars, each mounted on the corresponding specified open multifaceted spar with the formation of the side walls of the tray;

- each additional spar is made multifaceted, so that its extreme edge is placed in the cavity of the specified spar, and the adjacent face adjoins the face of the specified spar, facing the inside of the tray, and is fixed on it;

- the upper faces of each additional spar form a cavity open from the outside, and the tray is equipped with a lock lid, the edges of which are bent with the possibility of introducing additional spars into said open cavities with the formation of a lock connection.

Another embodiment of the invention is a ladder-type tray containing two polyhedral spars connected by crossbars, the ends of which are fixed at least to one of the faces of the spar, in which the three extreme edges of each spar cover the ends of the crossbars, and the rest of its faces form the side wall of the tray .

Particular features of this option are as follows:

- the middle of the three indicated extreme faces of each spar has at least one longitudinal stiffener in the form of a groove recessed inside the tray, and each crossbar has recesses on its end surfaces that match the shape of the groove profile, and the crossbars are fixed with their ends on said middle faces in such a way that said ends contact the latter along their entire surface;

- the crossbars have a C-shaped section;

- the crossbars are made with perforation.

The problem is also solved due to the fact that in the system for laying power lines and / or communication lines according to the first embodiment, containing at least two ladder-type trays and at least two connecting elements, each of which connects the spars of adjacent trays, each tray is made according to the first embodiment, each connecting element is multifaceted, and its extreme edges lie in the same plane and are directed in opposite directions, with each connecting element located in the cavities of open faceted side members of adjacent trays, so that its middle face adjoins the middle faces of these side members.

Particular features of the system are:

- the system is equipped with at least two first additional similarly made connecting elements mounted on the middle faces of the additional spars connected by matching their profile in profile;

- the system is equipped with at least two second additional connecting elements that are multifaceted, a pair of extreme edges from each edge of each specified element forms a right angle, and the extreme edges of each specified element are parallel to each other and directed to one side, with each specified element it is mounted on the middle faces of the additional spars to be joined that coincide with it in its profile.

Another embodiment of the invention is a system for laying lines and / or communication lines, comprising at least two ladder-type trays and at least two connecting elements, each of which connects the side members of adjacent trays, in which each cable tray is made according to the second option, each connecting element is multifaceted and installed on the middle edges of the connected side members matching with it in its profile.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows the location of the elements of the tray in the structure;

figure 2 is a cross section of a side spar;

figure 3 is a cross section of the crossbar of the tray;

figure 4 - the location of the perforations on the crossbar of the tray;

figure 5 - connection diagram of the elements of the tray;

figure 6 - diagram of the milling of the ends of the crossbar of the tray;

Fig.7 is a cross section of a spar of the tray;

on Fig - connection diagram of additional spars with the main tray;

figure 9 is a connection diagram of a standard locking cover with a spar;

figure 10 is a General view of a second variant of the tray;

11 is a diagram of the connection elements of the second variant of the tray;

on Fig - milling ends of the crossbar of the second variant of the tray;

on Fig - General view of the articulation of different profiles of the trays.

The cable ladder type according to the first embodiment contains two non-closed multi-faceted side members 1 connected to each other by crossbars 2. The faces of side members 1, facing the inside of the tray, are perpendicular to the crossbeams 2. Side member 1 - the side stand of the tray - is the main supporting structural element and is a complete structural element a seven-sided open profile with a cross section, for example, in the form of a “semi-oval” (figure 2).

Side racks of side members of the 1 tray are made of pre-galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm by continuous cold bending on roll forming mills with the formation of longitudinal faces.

Crossbeams 2 are structural elements on which wires and cable lines are laid and to which they are attached.

The crossbars 2 of the ladder tray are measured length rails of five sizes of C-shaped cross section (Fig. 3) having punched perforated holes 3 for the convenience of securing the laid cables with plastic ties, knitting wires or nylon bundles.

The crossbars of 2 ladder trays are made of pre-galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm by continuous cold bending on roll forming mills.

The crossbars 2 of the ladder trays are connected to the side members 1 (side racks of the trays) by pressure welding (Fig. 5).

Along the entire perimeter of the cross-section of the side member 1 (Fig. 2), “sales” are made (longitudinal stiffeners 3 — grooves), which allows these profiles to be made of steel with smaller thicknesses compared to existing analogues (1.2-1.5 mm) at maintaining and even increasing the longitudinal and transverse stiffnesses of the profile. This leads to savings in the metal of the initial billet under the profile up to 30%, acceleration and ease of installation of the trays by reducing their weight.

The ends of the crossbars 2 can have at least one recess matching in shape with the profile of the groove, and the crossbars 2 are fixed with their ends on the middle faces of the side members 1 so that these ends contact with the latter over their entire surface.

The presence of three “sellers” 3 (stiffeners - grooves) on the middle edge of the spar 1 (side rack of the tray) provides reliable fixation (figure 5) of the crossbar 2 of the tray in the inner cavity of the spar 1 before welding, as well as an increase in the contact area of the “spar - crossbar ”During the welding process, which leads to an increase in the strength of the welded joint.

The location of the side of the side rack (side member 1), facing the inside of the tray, at an angle of 90 degrees to the crossbar 2 of the tray (figure 5) leads to an increase in the net volume filled with cable products, compared with existing analogues, in which this angle is 105- 110 degrees.

The absence of sharp edges in the working cavity of the tray eliminates injuries during installation of the trays and damage to the cables during their installation.

Profile milling the ends of the crossbar 2 (Fig.6) provides reliable fixation of the crossbar in the inner cavity of the spar 1 before welding; the contact density of the crossbar 2 to the spar 1 on the contact surface during the welding process, which leads to stability of the welding process and increase the strength of the weld.

The spars 1 may additionally have similar longitudinal stiffeners 3, at least one on each of the faces adjacent to the middle face and / or on each of the faces facing the inside of the tray.

The cable tray can be equipped with two additional spars 4, each mounted on the corresponding specified open multifaceted spar 1 with the formation of the side walls of the tray (Fig. 8).

Each additional spar 4 is made multifaceted, so that its extreme edge is placed in the cavity of the specified spar 1, and the adjacent face adjoins to the face of the specified spar 1, facing the inside of the tray, and is fixed on it.

The upper faces of each additional spar 4 form a cavity open from the outside, and the tray is equipped with a lock cover 5 (Fig. 9), the edges of which are curved with the possibility of introducing additional spars 4 into said open cavities with the formation of a castle connection.

The cable ladder-type tray according to the second embodiment contains two polyhedral spars 6 connected by crossbeams 2, the ends of which are fixed at least on one of the faces of the spar 6 (Fig. 10, 11). The three extreme edges of each spar 6 cover the ends of the crossbars 2, and the rest of its edges form the side wall of the tray.

The middle of the three indicated extreme faces of each spar 6 may have at least one longitudinal stiffener 7 in the form of a groove deepened inside the tray, and each crossbar 2 has recesses on its end surfaces matching in shape with the profile of the groove 3. Crossbeams 2 fixed with their ends on the indicated middle faces in such a way that these ends are in contact with the latter over their entire surface.

The geometry of the cross section of the tray according to the second embodiment provides a significant increase in the useful volume of the tray compared to the closest analogue with the tray according to the first embodiment.

The presence of “sold” (grooves 2) on the lower edge of the spar 6 of the tray provides reliable fixation (11) of the crossbar 2 of the tray in the inner cavity of the spar 6 before welding, as well as an increase in the contact area of the “spar - horizontal bar” during welding, which leads to increase the strength of the welded joint.

The system for laying cable lines according to the first embodiment contains several cable trays made according to the first embodiment, and several connecting elements 8 [Fig. 7 (c), 13 (6, c)].

Each connecting element 8 is made multifaceted, and its extreme edges lie in the same plane and directed in opposite directions, with each connecting element located in the cavities of unclosed polyhedral spars 1 of adjacent trays.

When performing a cable tray with additional spars 4, the system is equipped with at least two first additional similarly made connecting elements 8 mounted on the middle edges of the additional spars 4 to be joined that coincide in their profile [Fig. 13 (d)].

The system may be provided with at least two second additional connecting elements 9, which are multifaceted. A pair of extreme faces from each edge of each specified element 9 forms a right angle, and the extreme faces of each specified element are parallel to each other and directed in the same direction. Each specified element 9 is installed on the middle edges of the additional spars 4 to be joined that coincide with it in their profile.

The second version of the system for laying cable lines contains at least two cable ladders of the ladder type according to the second embodiment and at least two connecting elements 8 or 9, each of which connects the side members 6 [11, 13 (a)] adjacent cable trays. Each connecting element 8 or 9 is made multifaceted and mounted on the middle edges of the connected spars 6 connected with it in their profile in profile [Fig. 13 (d)].

The proposed system for tracing cable lines using ladder-type trays is based on the unified use of only four types of cold-formed profiles with longitudinal faces obtained on roll forming mills. The size range of the proposed trays allows you to use when developing the route both the developed and proposed system of installation elements for mounting trays, and the entire existing system of installation elements (brackets, suspensions, clamps, brackets, etc.) of the staircases of existing European counterparts.

A distinctive feature of the proposed system of ladder trays are:

- lightweight construction (metal saving) through the use of thinner metal for cold-formed structural profiles while maintaining their rigidity and strength;

- the flexibility of using trays of different types with different filling volumes when laying routes with branches having different volumes of cable products.

Sourse of information

1. The catalog of the company THORSMAN. Cable trays of a ladder type. 1997.

Claims (15)

1. Ladder-type tray for power lines and / or communication lines, containing two unclosed polyhedral spars connected by crossbars, the ends of which are fixed inside the spar cavities, characterized in that the spars faces facing the inside of the tray are perpendicular to the crossbars, each spar is made with with at least one longitudinal stiffening rib, at least on the middle face, made in the form of a groove deepened inside the spar, the ends of the crossbars have at least one recess, adayuschemu shaped with a profile groove, and the crossbar fastened by its ends at the mid spar faces such that said end faces are contacted with the latter over its entire surface. 2. The tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the side members have additionally similar longitudinal stiffeners, at least one on each of the faces adjacent to the middle face, and / or on each of the faces facing the inside of the tray. 3. The tray according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crossbars have a C-shaped cross section. 4. The tray according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the crossbars are made with perforation. 5. The tray according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is equipped with two additional spars, each mounted on the corresponding specified open polyhedral spar with the formation of the side walls of the tray. 6. The tray according to claim 5, characterized in that each additional spar is multifaceted, so that its extreme edge is placed in the cavity of the specified spar, and the adjacent face adjoins to the edge of the specified spar facing the inside of the tray, and is fixed on it. 7. The tray according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the upper faces of each additional spar form a cavity open from the outside, and the tray is equipped with a lock lid, the edges of which are curved with the possibility of introducing additional spars into said open cavities with the formation of a lock connection. 8. A ladder-type tray for power lines and / or communication lines, comprising two polyhedral spars connected by crossbars, the ends of which are fixed to at least one of the faces of the side member, characterized in that the three extreme edges of each side member cover the ends of the crossbars, and the rest of its faces form the side wall of the tray. 9. The tray according to claim 8, characterized in that the middle of the three indicated extreme edges of each spar has at least one longitudinal stiffener in the form of a groove deepened inside the tray, and each crossbar has recesses on its end surfaces that match form with a groove profile, and the crossbars are fixed with their ends on the indicated middle faces in such a way that these ends contact the latter along their entire surface. 10. The tray according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the crossbars have a C-shaped cross section. 11. The tray according to any one of paragraphs.8-10, characterized in that the crossbars are made with perforation. 12. A system for laying power lines and / or communication lines, comprising at least two ladder type trays and at least two connecting elements, each of which connects the side members of adjacent cable trays, characterized in that each tray is made according to to any one of claims 1 to 7, each connecting element is multifaceted, and its extreme edges are directed in opposite directions, and each connecting element is located in the cavities of unclosed polyhedral spars of adjacent trays, so that its middle face at sticks to the middle faces of these spars. 13. The system according to p. 12, characterized in that when performing the tray according to any one of paragraphs.5-7, it is equipped with at least two first additional similarly made connecting elements mounted on the middle edges of the additional connecting parts that coincide with their profile side members. 14. The system according to item 12 or 13, characterized in that when performing the tray according to any one of claims 5 to 7, it is equipped with at least two second additional connecting elements that are multifaceted, a pair of extreme edges from each edge of each specified the element forms a right angle, and the extreme edges of each specified element are parallel to each other and directed in the same direction, and each specified element is installed on the middle edges of the additional spars connected to it that match their profile. 15. A system for laying power lines and / or communication lines, containing at least two ladder type trays and at least two connecting elements, each of which connects the side members of adjacent cable trays, characterized in that each tray is made according to to any of claims 8-11, each connecting element is multifaceted and is mounted on the middle faces of the connected spars that coincide with it in their profile.

Images