RU2232986C2 - Method and apparatus for determining forming capacity of textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry, in particular, textile materials technology.

SUBSTANCE: method involves stretching material, such as daisy-shaped sample with petals arranged at an angle of 0 deg; 15 deg; 30 deg; 45 deg; 60 deg; 75 deg, and 90 deg relative to warp threads; simultaneously stretching sample petals and determining skewing angle between system threads. Apparatus has base including cover and pole, pressure disk, load receiving lower table, and sample petal deformation measuring device comprising ruler and protractor pivotally fixed on rods, said ruler and protractor being mounted on pressure disk.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and provision for obtaining of complete information on forming capacity of textile materials.

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Description

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used in textile materials science.

The closest analogue is a method for determining the molding ability of textile materials by testing samples for uniaxial tension [Designing clothes with CAD elements: Textbook. for universities / EB Koblyakova and others - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1988, 446 p.].

The method is characterized in that the molding ability is determined by tensile testing of tissue samples of size 10x20 cm, cut at an angle of 45 °, with a load of 1-2 daN.

To implement the method, a tensile testing machine RT-250-M is used, containing a pendulum force meter, two clamps: the upper one connected to the force meter, and the lower one fixed on a movable (with a constant lowering speed) rod and connected to an extension scale. However, the known method for determining the molding ability of materials is uninformative, since the deformation of the fabric is estimated only at an angle of 45 ° to the warp threads, and a device for its implementation requires laborious measurements of changes in the skew angle between the thread systems, which leads to an increase in the duration of measurements.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain more complete information about the molding ability of textile materials with a short test duration.

The technical result is achieved by simultaneously stretching the sample cut in the form of "daisies" with petals at angles of 0, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, 90 ° to the warp threads, which is shown in figure 1. The molding ability of textile materials is estimated by the angle of skew between the filament systems and the elongation of the sample petals, measurements are taken using a special device that clearly shows the deformation of the sample petals of the textile material.

The device (Fig. 2, 3) implementing the method comprises a base consisting of a cover 2 and a stand 1, a clamping disk 4 with a wing nut 16, a lower cargo table 5, driven by the mechanism 3, and a device for measuring deformations of the petals samples mounted on the pressure plate 4.

The device for measuring deformations of the petals of the sample contains a ruler 9 (scale graduation 1 mm), a protractor 10 (scale graduation 1 °), pivotally mounted on the rods 11. At one edge, the ruler 9 and the rods 11 are screwed onto the pressure plate, to the other edge the rods are installed runners 8, made of lightweight material with a metal needle, due to which the runners are held in the petals of the sample. Devices are installed on the petals cut at an angle to the warp threads; only rulers are installed on the petals directed along the thread systems.

Figure 2 shows a frontal projection of a device for implementing the proposed method for determining the molding ability of textile materials; figure 3 is a section aa indicated in figure 2; figure 4 - a device for measuring the deformation of the petals of a sample of textile material.

The determination of the molding ability is carried out by the proposed device as follows. The sample is placed on the lid 2, pressed on top of the disk 4 and the wing nut 16. Runners 8 are installed at the starting points of the sample. The petals of the sample are tucked into the clamps 7. From the clamps 7 through the rollers 13 and the guides 12 stretched petals with hooks 14. The weights are attached to the hooks 14 so that they stand on the lower table 5. The table 5 is set in motion by the slider 6, which is connected to it elastic fishing lines. When the shaft 3 is rotated using the handle, the slider 6 moves along the guide, lowering or raising the table. The sample is loaded when lowering the table 5 until then, until all the goods come off the table surface, being in a suspended state. This allows you to simultaneously stretch the petals of the sample. When the petals of the sample are deformed, the runners 8 carry along rods showing changes in the skew angle between the thread systems; the elongation of the sample petals is also determined by the runner. Deformations of the petals of the material sample (lengthening and changing the skew angle) are measured by the device on the scales of the ruler and protractor. Then the sample is freed from loading by raising the stage 5 to its original position and the deformation of the sample petals is measured after relaxation. The spring 15 allows the table to return to its original (upper) position.

Data on the molding ability of materials can be used in the design of rational designs of clothes with a minimum number of segments, as well as when setting the direction of exposure to wet-heat treatment.

Claims (4)

1. The method of determining the molding ability of textile materials by stretching the sample, characterized in that they use a sample cut in the form of “daisies” with petals at angles of 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, 90 ° K warp threads, the petals of the sample are stretched at the same time and determine the skew angle between the thread systems. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongation of the petals of the sample is measured. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the measurement of the angle of bias and elongation of the petals of the sample is carried out after stretching and after relaxation. 4. A device for determining the molding ability of textile materials, characterized in that it contains a base consisting of a lid and a rack, a pressure plate, a lower cargo table, a device for measuring deformation of the sample petals, containing a ruler and a protractor pivotally mounted on the rods, mounted on clamping disk.

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