RU2231333C1 - Method for cleaning removable dental prostheses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method involves applying ultrasonic treatment at room temperature first in 1-15% hydrochloric acid solution, then in 1-15% sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, 1-15% hydrochloric acid solution and in 2-3% chloramines B solution at 40-50°C in turn. The prosthesis is washed with water after each ultrasonic treatment procedure. The ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 20-24 kHz frequency and the dental prostheses are plunged into glass flask.

EFFECT: high quality in cleaning prostheses.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to prosthetic practice, and is intended for the cleaning of removable dentures.

All known methods of cleaning removable dentures are mechanical cleaning of surfaces using brushes, pastes, detergents [1].

A disadvantage of the known methods is that during mechanical cleaning only soft, weakly retained deposits are removed from the surface of the prostheses. The old exfoliation (such as tartar) cannot be removed by mechanical cleaning. And, moreover, in such ways it is not possible to remove deposits, bacterial flora from various defects of the prosthesis (caverns, cracks, microcapillaries).

During the operation of dentures made of acrylic (and other) plastics, various structural formations appear on the surface of the dentures in existing defects, capillary microcracks (caticula, cellulicle, plaque, tartar, accumulations of various types of microorganisms) [2]. Existing mechanical methods (cleaning with brushes using various pastes, washing solutions) to some extent remove only relatively weakly held impurities (for example, pieces of food) and only from the surface of the dentures. The bacterial flora that constantly accumulates on dentures, especially in capillaries and defects, constantly contacts the oral cavity and greatly affects the body's resistance. The formed tartar on the surface of the prosthesis and various deposits inside the capillaries of the prosthesis cannot be removed by these methods.

The prior art method for ultrasonic cleaning of products [3].

The authors proposed a new method for deep cleaning of removable dentures, which consists in ultrasonic treatment with sequential use of dispersing solutions of various chemical nature (acidic, basic, oxidizing). Ultrasonic cleaning has not yet been used to clean dentures.

The invention solves the problem of creating a new method for deep cleaning removable dentures.

The technical result of the proposed cleaning is to improve the quality of cleaning, a high degree of surface cleaning, to achieve deep cleaning.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of cleaning removable dentures by ultrasonic treatment of dentures at room temperature sequentially, first in a 1-15% solution of hydrochloric acid, then in a 1-15% solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide, then in 1-15 % hydrochloric acid solution and then in a 2-3% solution of chloramine B at a temperature of 40-50 ° C, and after each ultrasonic treatment, the denture is washed with water. Ultrasonic treatment is carried out with a frequency of 20-24 kHz.

In order to remove deposits on dentures, the present invention uses ultrasonic cleaning in various dispersing media.

The essence of the invention lies in the ultrasonic cleaning of removable dentures in solutions from various deposits formed during operation. Under the influence of ultrasonic vibrations of the emitter, the prosthesis is intensively cleaned. During cleaning, solutions of hydrochloric acid, alkali metal hydroxides, and chloramine B. are used as cleaning solutions.

Methods of ultrasonic cleaning of various surfaces (metals, plastics) are widely used. The authors are not aware of the use of ultrasonic cleaning in denture technology. The process of ultrasonic cleaning is due to a number of phenomena that occur in an ultrasonic field of significant intensity: the sound-capillary effect, cavitation, acoustic flows, and pressure of sound radiation. All these factors dramatically increase the efficiency of the solutions used, increase the penetration of solutions into various defects of prostheses, cracks, cavities, microcapillaries, and enhance the interaction of cleaning solutions with deposits. Factors caused by ultrasound increase the efficiency of cleaning solutions, allow the use of simple and cheap reagents for cleaning, and carry out cleaning in aqueous solutions. Deposits on prostheses have a complex chemical nature (proteins, carbohydrates, enzymes, mineral salts, microorganisms), therefore, water solutions of an acidic nature (hydrochloric acid), oxidizing and disinfecting (chloramine B) are offered for cleaning.

In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method for processing removable prostheses, numerous experiments were conducted on ultrasonic cleaning of prostheses when changing the parameters of the ultrasonic field, the concentration of reagents in the washing solutions, and processing time. Moreover, these parameters changed both separately and in their totality and combinations. The number of controlled (measured) parameters included the presence of food debris, plaque, tobacco plaque on the surface of the prosthesis, processing time, and the concentration of the solutions used. With a fairly complete cleaning (visual inspection), a microbiological examination of the treated prostheses was carried out.

Example 1. The cleaned denture is immersed in a glass cuvette with a solution of hydrochloric acid at a concentration of 1%, the treatment temperature is maintained at 22 ° C, the ultrasonic disperser (UZTM-A) is turned on and the cavitation is generated. After treatment with hydrochloric acid for 3 minutes, the prosthesis is removed and washed with water. Then the prosthesis is immersed in a 1% solution of sodium hydroxide in water and sonicated for 3 minutes. After treatment, the prosthesis is washed with water. Then the prosthesis is again immersed in a 1% hydrochloric acid solution, sonicated for 3 minutes and washed again with water. For final cleaning and disinfection, the prosthesis is immersed in a 2% aqueous solution of chloramine B at a temperature of 40 ° C and treated with ultrasound. Processing time 3 min. The frequency of ultrasonic radiation at all stages is 22 kHz. After treatment, the prosthesis is removed from the solution and washed with cold water.

The cleaned dentures have no visible deposits on the surface, there is no plaque, tobacco plaque. The treated prostheses were subjected to bacteriological control (microbes of the genus Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, spore-forming bacilli, Candida, enterobacteria), which showed the absence of growth of microorganisms on nutrient media. This indicates the sterilizing effect of the applied ultrasonic cleaning method.

Examples 2-5 are similar to example 1, differ in the concentration of solutions. The data are shown in table 1. The frequency of ultrasonic treatment in all solutions of one example is the same.

Table 2 presents the appearance of the prosthesis before and after cleaning according to examples 2-6.

The advantage of the proposed cleaning method is the ability to clean the surfaces of dentures having various types of deposits (food debris, plaque, tartar, etc.) that are difficult to remove by conventional methods, the ability to remove various contaminants and deposits in the defects of dentures (cavities, cracks, capillaries) , use for cleaning cheap solutions (aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, chloramine B).

Sources of information

1. Popilov L.Ya. Physicochemical fundamentals of ultrasonic cleaning. - L .: - LDNTP, - 1966.

2. Borovsky E.V., Leontiev V.K. Biology of the oral cavity. - M .: - Medicine, - 1991.

3. SU 902874 A, 02/07/1982 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method of cleaning products by ultrasonic treatment, characterized in that the processing of dentures is carried out at room temperature sequentially in a 1-15% solution of hydrochloric acid, in a 1-15% solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide, in 1-15% hydrochloric acid solution and then in a 2-3% solution of chloramine B at a temperature of 40-50 ° C, and after each ultrasonic treatment, the denture is washed with water, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out with a frequency of 20-24 kHz in the mode of cavitation formation, and dentures are immersed in a glass the cuvette.