RU2231258C2 - Keep trap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: commercial fishing, in particular, sink-type keep traps.

SUBSTANCE: trap is composed of stationary guiding part and detachable catching part. Stationary part of trap has guiding wing, cavity, arch and rigid joining member with rings. Cavity and arch are mounted on anchored tension members. Detachable part of trap is composed of barrel and enclosure. Barrel has spacer frames and at least two mouths. Detachable part is equipped with movable tension members, one of tension members being connected to barrel portion adjoining enclosure and other lines of tension members being connected to barrel front edge, said connections being made detachable. Movable tension member lines are passed through anchored rings and lines connected to barrel front edge are also passed through rings of stationary part joining member for joining of stationary and detachable trap parts. Lifting line with floats is extending under the region of first barrel mouth.

EFFECT: reduced pulling force exerted for lifting of catching part of trap for examining thereof, pouring out fish yield and replacement of barrel to remove built-up layers from barrel and drying thereof.

5 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to industrial fisheries, namely to bottom fixed traps.

Known fixed traps having a guide wing, a yard and a barrel installed at depths of 7-12 m (Baranov F.I. Technique for industrial fishing. M: Pishchepromizdat, 1960, pp. 404-407; Denisov L.I. Fishing on reservoirs. M: Food industry, 1978, pp. 83-86). The installation of known traps at great depths is very difficult, and working with them is extremely time-consuming. One of the measures to facilitate this work is to reduce the size of traps. But this leads to a decrease in their catchability and ultimately does not increase labor productivity.

Closest to the present invention in technical essence and the problem to be solved is a fixed trap, consisting of a guiding wing, two openers and a barrel with a cut. The trap is attached to the bottom of the reservoir and straightened due to the lifting force of the plastic buoys located in the water column, attached to the trap by cables, passed through metal rings fixed on the bottom anchors. Two lifting lines with buoys floating on the water surface are attached in the central part of the trap (V.V. Vasiliev, RPK “POSEIDON”; New technique for coastal fishing. Fisheries, 2000, No. 4, p. 44, Fig. 1). To inspect and pour the catch, the trap, along with the openers and part of the wing, is raised to the surface of the water using lifting lines selected by the winch. At the same time, plastic buoys stretching the trap are forcibly immersed closer to the bottom. After catching the catch and weakening the lifting lines, buoys with tension lines bring the trap into working condition with its lifting force.

The disadvantage of this trap is the need to lift the entire structure during inspection, which in addition to unjustified loads on the mechanisms leads to a large complexity of work. For this reason, the trap has a simplified shape and relatively small dimensions.

In addition, to clean the trap from algae and growing organisms and to dry, it is necessary to dismantle the entire trap.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fishing by a fixed trap by reducing the complexity of the work and optimizing the size and shape of the catching device.

This problem is solved by creating a fixed trap in two parts: a stationary guide and a removable trap. The stationary part contains a guide wing, a yard, a bow, and a rigid docking element with rings. The stationary part is mounted on anchored guy ropes, equipped with melt along the upper and cargo along the lower rebounds. The doorway entrance is additionally loaded with a heavy rod through the bottom selection, and the adjacent part of the yard is equipped with triangular visors. The trap is equipped with a movable connection of its parts with the possibility of docking the output of the guide part of the device with the entrance of the trapping part. The filling removable part consists of a barrel of cylindrical or prismatic shape with rigid spacer frames and throats of at least two and a cut. The detachable part is equipped with stretch buoys, stretch lines are passed through the anchored rings. One line is connected by the end to the barrel, two other lines fixed at the barrel inlet, in addition to the anchored rings, are also passed through the rings of the docking element of the stationary part of the trap. Stretch buoys are located in the water column and are equipped with signal buoys. In the area of the barrel’s first throat, an additional lifting line with signal buoys on the surface of the water was passed under it. The length of the elevation line exceeds the double depth of the trap. All extension lines are equipped with detachable elements. The barrel on the upper part is equipped with a melt, and its lower block - with a load.

The docking element of the stationary part of the trap has a sectional shape similar to the sectional shape of the barrel of the catching removable part. The docking element is additionally equipped with a mesh edging. The leading edge of the barrel is seated on a rigid or flexible element.

The main distinguishing features of the invention from the prototype are:

- the device of the catching part of the removable trap;

- supplying the stationary part of the trap with a rigid docking element with rings;

- a communication device for both parts of the trap movable with the possibility of docking the output of the stationary guide part with the input of the removable catching part by means of lines with buoys;

- a device in the barrel of spacers and throats in an amount of at least two;

- supply of stretch marks barrel detachable elements.

Additional differences are:

- device barrels of cylindrical or prismatic shape;

- giving the rigid docking element a section shape similar to that of a barrel;

- equipping a rigid docking element with a mesh edging;

- landing the front edge of the barrel on a rigid or flexible element.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows a General view of the trap in plan. Figure 2 is a side view along aa of figure 1.

According to the present invention, the stationary guide part of the trap consists of a guide wing 1, yard 2, bow rail 3, a hard docking element 4 with rings 5. The removable catching part of the device comprises a barrel 6 with rigid spacer frames 7 and throats 8 and a cut 9, and the number of hard spacers frames and throats equally and at least two. The stationary part is attached to the bottom of the reservoir by anchored extensions 10. The rigid docking unit 4 has a section similar to that of the barrel 6, the front edge of which is seated on a flexible or rigid element. The removable part is installed by means of movable extensions 11 and 12. These extensions are lines passed through the anchored rings 13 and pulled by the lifting force of the hollow elements 14, flooded below the water horizon and equipped with signal buoys 15. The lines of the extensions 12 attached to the inlet of the barrel 6, In addition to the rings 13, they are also passed through the rings 5 of the docking element 4. The extensions 11 and 12 are provided with detachable elements, for example, carbines. Under the barrel 6, in the area of the first rigid spacer frame 7, a lifting line 16 with buoys on the surface of the water 17 is missed. The equipment of the stationary part and the barrel are not shown by melt and cargo.

The device operates as follows.

The trap is made high, several times smaller than the depth of its installation site. When assembled, a trap is collected on a boat. First, pick up a cut 9 and end with a set of guide wing 1 with stretch marks 10 and their anchors. In the place of installation of the trap, anchor guy wires 10 of the guide wing, etch this guy cable, wing 1 and yard 2. According to the installation diagram, the remaining anchors with extensions 10 are transported from the auxiliary vessel. Due to loading the lower selection of wing 1 and yard 2, the trap drops to bottom. Thanks to the stretch marks 10, the stationary part of the trap assumes a working position.

Then put anchors with rings 13 with braces 11 and 12, after passing the braces 12 through the rings 5 of the docking element 4. The outer ends of the braces 11 and 12 are connected to containers with positive buoyancy 14.

When lowering the anchors with rings 13, the barrel straightens to its working position and due to the traction forces of the tanks 14 sinks to the bottom. Under the action of the stretch marks 12, the leading edge of the barrel 6 is closely adjacent to the edging of the docking element 4. In the working position, the containers 14 are below the horizon in the upper layers of water, and signal buoys 15 connected to them remain on the surface.

Before immersion of the barrel 6 under it, in the area of the first rigid spacer frame 7, a lifting line 16 with buoys 17 floating on the surface of the water is fed. Inspection of the trap is carried out as follows: with the help of a winch, the lifting line 16 and the extension 11 are selected. In this case, the extensions 12 slide in the rings 13 and 5 and tighten the containers 14 closer to the bottom. When lifting the barrel 6 to the side of the vessel, the fish is distilled into a pile and poured. If there is no need to disconnect the barrel 6, for example, to clean from fouling with algae, then weaken the tension of the line 16 and due to the lifting force of the containers 14, the extension 11 lowers the barrel to the bottom, and the extensions 12, sliding in the rings 13 and 5, dock the barrel 6 to the docking element 4. If necessary, due to the presence of connectors on lines 11 and 12, the barrel 6 can be completely disconnected and replaced with a reserve one. Thus, a solution to the problem is achieved.

The technical result obtained by using the invention is to reduce traction when inspecting the trap and casting the catch. Due to this, the complexity of work is reduced and the efficiency of fishing is increased.

Firstly, the ability to create a stationary guiding part of the trap of optimal design both in size and for additional guiding and holding devices and, secondly, to more frequently clean and dry the barrels and cutters, which increase the efficiency of the catch parts by reducing its fouling by algae and aquatic organisms.

An example embodiment of the invention.

The fixed trap for catching vendace and smelt is arranged with the following parameters.

Guide wing 1, 100-150 m long and 9 m high, is made of delhi with a mesh of 40-30-20-16 mm, planted on a nylon rope with a diameter of 10 mm (C = 30 mm) with a landing coefficient of 0.67. Yard 2 has a length of upper and lower selection of 33 mm. Del Yard 2 with a mesh of 12-14-16 mm was planted on a nylon rope with a diameter of 10 mm (C = 30 mm) with a coefficient U = 0.67. The height of the wall of the courtyard 2 is 9 m. In the adjoining parts of the courtyard of the courtyard 2, triangular shaped visors with a length of 15 m and a width of 2.0 m are installed on the upper selection. The visor is planted on a kapron rope with a diameter of 6 mm. Bowl 3 consists of four trapezoidal plates. The entrance to the bow 3 is 6 × 9 m. The small perimeter of the bow 3 is 8.4 m. The length of the bow is 13 m. The bow plates 3 are made of 93.5 tex × 3- (10-12 mm), set on four veins with a diameter of 7 mm.

Barrel 6 has a size of 2 × 2 × 12 m. The upper part of barrel 6 is made of a mirror-cut case with a mesh of 10-7 mm. The lower chopping block is made of delhi regular cut. Barrel 6 is planted on veins with a diameter of 7 mm, while the bottom block is planted with a landing coefficient of 0.67. The upper veins are equipped with a melt with a lifting force of 1.0 N / m, the lower ones are equipped with a load of 150 g / m. The front edge of the barrel 6 is mounted on a flexible element in the form of a rope with a diameter of 12 mm and has four loops for attaching stretch marks 12. The first neck 8 from Delhi 93.5 tex × 3-10 mm, the second from Delhi 93.5 tex × 2-7 mm The frames at the end of the barrel and at the first throat are made of an aluminum tube with a diameter of 30 mm. The dimensions of the outlet of the first throat are 0.5 × 0.5 m, the second throat is 0.3 × 0.15 m.

Kutok 9 has a length of 5 m. Made of two Delhi plates with a mesh of 7 mm. The upper plate of the cut 9 is connected with the lower edge of the rear wall of the barrel 6, and the lower one with the lower chopping block of the barrel 6.

The docking element 4 is made of anodized steel bar with a diameter of 10 mm, has the shape of a truncated pyramid (or truncated cone). The smaller perimeter of element 4 is 2.4 mm, the larger is 8.4 mm. The larger perimeter of element 4 has a net border of 93.5 tex × 4-12 mm. On the large hoop of the docking element 4, there are four metal rings 5 of an anodized rod with a diameter of 10 mm for conducting stretch marks 12. On the large hoop, the trailing edge of the arm plates 3 is planted.

Stretch marks 11 are made of a nylon rope with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 30 m.

Stretch marks 12 are made of a nylon rope with a diameter of 10 mm, a length of 48 m.

Lifting line 16 is made of a nylon rope with a diameter of 12, mm and a length of 52 m.

Capacity 14 is a rubberized buoy with a capacity of 100 cm ³ , and capacity 15 is a plastic buoy with a diameter of 400 mm.

Claims (5)

1. The fixed trap, consisting of a guide of the stationary and catching removable parts, in the stationary part contains a guide wing, a yard, a bow and a rigid docking element with rings, and the yard and bow are mounted on anchored extensions, and in the removable part contains a barrel with rigid spacer frames and the throat, in equal numbers of at least two, and the cutter is equipped with movable extensions with flooded buoys, and the lines of these extensions, connected through connectors to the barrel in its cut part and to the leading edge of the the tabs are passed through the anchored rings, and the stretch lines connected to the front edge of the barrel are also passed through the rings of the rigid docking element of the stationary part of the trap with the possibility of joining the stationary and removable parts of the trap, and a lifting line with buoys is passed underneath the first neck of the barrel. 2. The fixed trap according to claim 1, characterized in that the docking element is provided with a mesh edging. 3. The fixed trap according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrel has a cylindrical or prismatic shape. 4. A fixed trap according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the rigid docking element has a section similar to that of a barrel. 5. A fixed trap according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the front edge of the barrel is mounted on a flexible or rigid element.

Images