RU2230707C2 - Water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: purification of natural and sewage water by means of reactants.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has cylindrical casing with conical bottom, lower clarifying section of casing filled with contact mass, pipeline adapted for directing water to clarification section and connected to casing conical bottom, pipeline for tangential feeding of pulp, collecting trough with washing water discharge pipe, diaphragm made as inverse-truncated cone, ejector for directing pulp through pipeline for tangential feeding of pulp into casing to zone under diaphragm. Casing has upper filtering section filled with immovable filtering material and provided with intermediate perforated bottom, tubular rinse water and compressed gas distributing system, rinse water and compressed gas supplying pipelines, upper collecting trough with filtered water discharge pipeline, and rinse water pipeline connected to pipeline for discharge of rinse water delivered from lower collecting trough of clarification section.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency of water purifying apparatus.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for the reagent treatment of natural and wastewater.

A device for water purification is known (RF patent No. 2144512, class C 02 F 1/52, publ. 20.01.2000, BI No. 2 - prototype). The device comprises a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, in the lower clarification compartment loaded with contact weighed mass, a clarification water supply pipe connected to the body conical bottom, a pulp tangential inlet pipe, a collection chute with a wash water discharge pipe, a diaphragm in the form of a reverse truncated cone, an ejector feed the pulp through the pipeline tangential input pulp into the housing under the diaphragm. The device is the closest in technical essence and performed functions to the proposed device and is selected as a prototype. However, the known device allows only clarification of water without subsequent filtering, which does not provide sufficient efficiency.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to expand the functionality of the known device for water purification with increasing its efficiency.

To solve the technical problem, the device of the proposed design contains a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, a contact mass loaded in the lower clarification compartment, a clarification water supply pipe connected to the body conical bottom, a pulp tangential inlet pipe, a collection chute with a wash water discharge pipe, a diaphragm in in the form of a reverse truncated cone, an ejector for feeding pulp through a pipeline of tangential input of pulp into the housing under the diaphragm and differs in the housing has an upper filtration compartment, which is loaded with a fixed filter material, and is equipped with an intermediate perforated bottom, tubular distribution systems for washing water and compressed air, piping for supplying washing water and compressed air, an upper collecting chute with a filtered water discharge pipe and a washing water pipe connected to wash water discharge pipe of the lower collection chute of the clarification compartment.

The technical task of expanding the functionality and increasing the efficiency of the device is solved by introducing new elements into its design - a stationary filter material loaded into the housing in the upper filtering compartment of the device, equipped with an intermediate perforated bottom, tubular distribution systems for washing water and compressed air, and piping for washing water and compressed air, the upper collecting chute with a discharge pipe of filtered water and piping a wash water gadget connected to a wash water discharge pipe of the lower collection chute of the clarification compartment.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for water purification.

The device includes a cylindrical body 1 with a conical bottom, a contact mass 2, a clarification water supply pipe 3, a lower collecting chute 4, a wash water discharge pipe from the clarification compartment 5, connected to a filter discharge 6 wash water discharge pipe, a wash water supply pipe 7 to the ejector 8, the pipeline for tangential supply of pulp 9 under the diaphragm in the form of a reverse truncated cone 10, the pipe 11 for releasing the contact mass from the device and introducing fresh contact mass, are motionless filter material 12, intermediate perforated bottom 13, a tubular flushing water distribution system 14 to the inlet conduit 15, a tubular distributing compressed air system 16 to the inlet conduit 17, the upper collecting chute 18, the filtered water outlet pipe from the filtering compartment 19.

A device for water purification works as follows. Through the water supply pipe for clarification 3, the source water treated with reagents is supplied to clarification in the lower part of the device and passes from bottom to top through the layer of contact mass 2 at a speed that ensures its weighing. The contact mass is quartz sand or any other fine-grained material that meets the requirements of mechanical strength and chemical resistance. Due to an increase in the volume concentration of the solid phase in the suspended layer, autocatalytic acceleration of the hydrolysis process occurs, metal hydroxides are adsorbed by the grains of the suspended contact mass, which are additional contact coagulation centers, turbulent suspension filtration, structure formation and sediment accumulation in the layer with increasing pressure loss in it. At the same time, a high effect of preliminary purification of water by clarification is achieved. The final purification of water is carried out by filtering it in an upward movement through a stationary filter material 12, consisting of quartz sand or other coarse-grained material with standard mechanical strength and chemical resistance. The filter material has supporting gravel or crushed stone layers resting on an intermediate perforated bottom 13. The purified water is collected by the upper collecting chute 18 and is discharged from the device through a pipe 19. Upon reaching the maximum pressure loss in the filter material, the water purifier is flushed in the following sequence. Gate valves on the pipelines 3 and 19 for supplying water for purification and discharge of purified water, respectively, are closed. The valve opens on the drainage pipe for washing water from the filter compartment 6 and the valve on the pipeline for supplying compressed air 17 to the tubular distribution system of compressed air 16. The filter material is loosened by air. Then the valve opens on the supply pipe of the wash water 15 to the tubular distribution system of the wash water 14 and, in addition to the air, water with low intensity is introduced. There is a joint water-air washing without expanding the filter material, in which most of the contaminants are removed from it. The waste dirty wash water is collected in this case by the upper collecting chute 18 and is discharged by a pipe 6 from the device. Then the air supply on the pipeline 17 is closed and flushing with one water with a higher intensity is carried out for hydraulic sorting of the material and removal of contaminants from the water layer above it. At the end of the washing of the filtering material, all the valves that are open at the same time are closed and the valves are opened on the following pipelines: drain the washing water from the clarification compartment 5, supply the washing water to the ejector 7, and tangential pulp 9. At the same time, the water level in the device decreases from the edges the upper collecting chute 18 to the edges of the lower collecting chute 4. Rinsing water is supplied to the ejector 8. The contaminated contact mass in the form of pulp is transported through pipeline 9 and is tangentially introduced into the casing of the device -keeping under the diaphragm in the form of reverse truncated cone 10. The pulp is subjected to rotation. Separation of sediment particles and contact mass occurs in the field of centrifugal forces. The washed grains of the contact mass are precipitated, and the precipitate is discharged from the device together with the spent washing water through the lower collecting chute 4 through the wash water discharge pipe 5. The contact mass is used repeatedly in the cleaning process. If it is necessary to replace the contact mass or empty the device for water purification, the pulp is discharged from it through the pipe 11. The fresh contact mass is also introduced into the device by hydraulic transport through the pipe 11, but in the opposite direction. After washing the contact mass, the valves on the pipelines that are open when washing the contact mass are closed, the valves on the water supply pipelines to clarify 3, drain the filtered water 19 are opened, the device is gradually filled with purified water and is included in the work of cleaning it.

The experimental setup consisted of a lower clarification compartment loaded with a fine-grained contact mass of crushed, sorted burnt rock and an upper filtration compartment with coarse filter material also of burnt rock with supporting crushed stone layers of the same material resting on an intermediate perforated bottom. The clarification compartment was equipped with an ejector for washing the contact mass, and the filtration compartment was equipped with tubular distribution systems of washing water and compressed air located in the lower supporting layer above the intermediate perforated bottom. Both compartments had prefabricated gutters for collecting and discharging treated and wash water. The initial underground water treated with solutions of caustic soda and potassium permanganate was subjected to two-stage purification at the installation by preliminary clarification in a suspended layer of the contact mass and subsequent filtering from the bottom up through a stationary filter material. In this case, sediment formed and accumulated in the suspended layer of the contact mass and in the stationary filter material with an increase in the pressure loss in them. Upon reaching the maximum permissible pressure loss in the layer of filter material equal to its height, the installation was turned off for washing. A three-stage water-air washing of the filter material and ejection washing of the contact mass were carried out, followed by the repeated inclusion of the installation in operation.

Loss of sand when washing the contact mass and filter material was not observed. The pilot plant ensured the removal of most of the hardness salts, iron and manganese compounds from the treated underground water and the achievement of standard chemical indicators of the quality of drinking water. A high effect of water purification was achieved due to the intensification of its clarification using a weighted contact mass and combining two processing processes in one device - clarification and filtering. At the same time, the consumption of reagents was reduced by 20%.

Thus, the design of the device for water purification proposed by the invention allows to obtain a high effect of its clarification in the suspended layer of the contact mass and when filtering, to effectively wash the contact mass and filter material, as well as to reduce the consumption of reagents. In addition, by combining two-stage water purification by clarification and filtering in one building, the volume of clarifier and filter buildings and the cost of their operation are reduced. In general, a solution to the technical problem of the invention is achieved - expanding the functionality of the device for water purification with increasing its efficiency.

Claims (1)

A water purification device comprising a cylindrical conical bottom body, loaded with a contact mass in the lower clarification compartment, a clarification water supply pipe connected to the conical bottom of the body, a pulp tangential inlet pipe, a collection chute with a wash water discharge pipe, and a diaphragm in the form of a reverse truncated cone, ejector pulp feed through the pipeline tangential input of pulp into the housing under the diaphragm, characterized in that the housing has an upper filter compartment, which e loaded with fixed filter material and equipped with an intermediate perforated bottom, tubular distribution systems for washing water and compressed air, piping for supplying washing water and compressed air, an upper collecting chute with a filtered water discharge pipe and a washing water pipe connected to the washing water discharge pipe of the lower collecting chute separation of clarification.