RU2230263C2 - Solar collector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: solar engineering. SUBSTANCE: proposed solar collector has housing consisting of asphalt concrete walls and base made in recess in ground and corrugated wall secured to transparent cover asphalt concrete base which is made from phase-shift heat-accumulating material, for example paraffin B5 at Tm.p.=46 C and ΔH= 209.4 kJ/kg and placed in between it and asphalt concrete base. Heated water is fed through pipe laid in ground at depth exceeding depth of freezing; it passes by gravity in inter-corrugation space and is discharged at the top of collector. Sun beams are absorbed by water in inter-corrugation space , surface of corrugated wall and phase-shift heat-accumulating material. Radiation reflected from corrugated wall and from asphalt concrete base is also absorbed by water. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency; reduced losses of heat. 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of solar technology, namely to low-temperature solar collectors, and can be used in hot water systems.

Known solar collector [1], which contains a housing with a transparent fence and placed in the housing sequentially communicated primary absorber in the form of a container with a corrugated front wall and a tubular secondary absorber with pipes oriented parallel to the corrugations. The capacity is formed by the wall and bottom of the housing. Each pipe of the secondary absorber is installed above the crest of the corrugation, has the shape of a trihedral prism, with one of its faces facing the fence, and the opposite rib provided with a supporting element. The pipes are connected in a coil and communicated with the tank through a pipe with a pump. A pump is also installed at the inlet of the tank.

The disadvantage of this invention is the design complexity, high energy consumption due to the use of two pumps, heat loss and lack of heat storage ability.

The closest in technical essence is the heliocascade [2], containing a body with an inclined base, sides along the perimeter and a transparent fence. The screen is laid on the base. At the top side there is a distribution pipe for supplying water to the screen, and at the bottom - a collection pipe for draining water from the screen. On the screen, drainage thresholds in the form of hoses are installed across the water flow, holding the flowing layer of heated water throughout its area and emptying it after removing heat from it. The screen is made of polymer film, and the sides are made of monolithic reinforced cement concrete. Hoses are filled with sand, perforated and made of black polymer film.

A disadvantage of the known heliocascade is the low heat storage (only due to the heat capacity of the sand) and absorption capacity due to the passage of water through the collector from top to bottom straight and large heat losses due to openness.

The objective of the invention is to increase the degree of use of renewable energy sources, ensuring sufficiently complete absorption of sunlight.

The technical result is an increase in heat storage capacity, reduction of heat loss and energy consumption.

The technical result is achieved in that the solar collector includes a housing with walls and an inclined base, a transparent cover guard, a screen, and it also comprises a corrugated wall with phase-transfer heat storage material between it and the concrete base, while it is attached to the cover and the base of the housing located on slope of the mountain and made of asphalt concrete walls.

Figure 1 shows a solar collector, section; figure 2 - solar collector, plan; figure 3 - node 1; figure 4 - node 2.

Figure 1 shows a cross section of a solar collector. The collector contains a housing consisting of asphalt concrete walls 1 and a base 2 made on a excavation on a mountain slope, a transparent cover guard 3, a transversely corrugated wall 4, a phase-transfer heat-accumulating material 5 between it and an asphalt concrete base 2, water supply and discharge pipes 6 and 7. On the upper side of the collector there is a roll of heat-insulating material 8. The transverse corrugated wall 4 is attached to the collector cover 3 at the 1st node 13 and to the base 2 at the 2nd node 14 with studs 9, nuts 10, rubber gaskets 11 and washers 12.

и по узлу-2 14 - знаком

.Figure 2 shows the pipelines 6 for supplying cold water, movement inside the collector and pipelines 7 for discharging hot water, a roll 8 of heat-insulating material fixed to a transparent cover 3, the location of the fasteners on the node-1 13 - a sign

and on the node-2 14 - the sign

.

Figure 3 shows the node 1 - mounting the corrugated wall 4 to the transparent cover 3 of the collector with a pin 9, nuts 10, rubber gaskets 11 and washers 12.

The collector works as follows.

Heated water is supplied through a pipeline 6, laid along the slope of the mountain in the ground at a depth exceeding the freezing depth, into the inter-arch space below the collector. Passing by itself from bottom to top, bypassing the corrugations and filling the space between them, water, as shown in Fig. 2 by arrows, is discharged from the top of the collector through pipeline 7. Sun rays entering the installation pass through the translucent fence 3, are absorbed by water in the inter-arch space, the surface corrugated wall 4 and phase-transfer heat-accumulating material 5. Radiation reflected from corrugated wall 4, phase-transition heat-accumulating material contained below it 5 and from asphalt concrete base 2 also ogloschaetsya water. With an excess of solar radiation, energy is spent on heating and melting the phase-transition heat-accumulating material 5 in the corrugations, i.e. accumulated. During periods of lack of sun, water is heated due to the heat released during crystallization of the heat-accumulating material, and the collector is covered by a heat-insulating material 8, which is fixed at one upper edge of the collector with one edge.

The solar collector has a greater heat storage capacity due to the use of phase transition heat storage material 5 in the corrugations, for example, paraffin B5 with T _melt. = 46 ° С and ΔН = 209.4 kJ / kg, it provides a sufficiently complete absorption of sunlight by water in the interfacial space, corrugated surface of the wall 4, phase-transfer heat-accumulating material, uses ground heat and reduces heat loss, since the collector is made of asphalt concrete walls and base on a mountain slope in the ground and covered by a heat-insulating material 8. The energy of the water drain on the mountain slope is used to pass it through the collector from the bottom up, bypassing the corrugations - it reduces energy costs for pumps and increases I have the use of renewable energy sources.

Bibliographic data

1. Stepanyan V.M., Ablaev A.T., Denisov V.N. Solar collector. Copyright Certificate No. 1578418, F 24 J 2/14, Bull. No. 26, 1990.

2. Marchenko N.Ya., Marshalin A.I., Dogoda P.A. Heliocascade. Copyright Certificate No. 1537976, F 24 J 2/22, Bull. No. 3, 1990.

Claims (1)

A solar collector comprising a housing with walls and an inclined base, a transparent cover guard, a screen, characterized in that it comprises a corrugated wall with phase-transfer heat storage material between it and a concrete base, while it is attached to the cover and the base of the housing located on the side of the mountain and made of asphalt concrete walls.

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