RU2229630C2 - Eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering+ADs- connection of shafts at transmission of high power at high frequency of engagement+ADs- reversible overrunning clutches in high-torque variable-speed drives. SUBSTANCE: proposed clutch includes drive clutch member, holder made in form of ring with cylindrical surfaces, roller fitted inside holder which is kinematically linked with drive shaft, driven clutch member with driven shaft provided with eccentric and sleeve embracing the eccentric and holder+ADs- holder is provided with wedge which is spring-loaded relative to driven shaft. Roller and holder form rotary pairs with eccentric and sleeve, respectively. Wedge is located between roller and holder. Novelty of invention consists in availability of satellite and disk which are rotatable relative to drive shaft. Satellite is engageable with holder and disk for transmission of rotation during turn of drive shaft. Disk is connected with roller by means of spider plate for relative translational motion. Satellite may be made in form of gear thrown into engagement with toothed rims made on holder and disk+ADs- pins may be also made on holder and disk+ADs- satellite may b provided with slots with pins received by them. EFFECT: improved service characteristics+ADs- enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, the coupling is designed to connect shafts when transmitting high power and a high switching frequency and can operate as a reverse overtaking, for example, in high-torque variators.

Known friction overrunning clutches in which the moment is transmitted by friction forces [1], while the contact loads between the parts of the friction pair exceed the useful tangential forces by more than 10 times, which is an obstacle to the use of these types of couplings at a high switching frequency and transmission of high powers, for example, in variators [2].

We take for the prototype the closest in technical essence and the achieved result eccentric overrunning clutch [3]. It contains a leading coupling half with a drive shaft, with a cage rigidly fixed to this shaft, made in the form of a ring with outer and inner cylindrical surfaces, with a roller placed inside the cage, connected, for example, with a cross washer with a drive shaft with relative translational movement, also contains driven half-coupling with driven shaft made with an eccentric, and with a cup covering the eccentric and holder, having a wedge spring-loaded relative to the driven shaft, while the roller and the holder form a rotation atelnye pairs respectively with an eccentric and a glass, and the wedge is disposed between the roller and the cage.

The signs of the known clutch (prototype), coinciding with the claimed eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch, the following. It contains a leading coupling half with a drive shaft, with a cage made in the form of a ring with outer and inner cylindrical surfaces, with a roller placed inside the cage kinematically connected with the drive shaft, and also contains a driven coupling half with a driven shaft made with an eccentric and covering the eccentric and the cage a glass having a wedge spring-loaded relative to the driven shaft, wherein the roller and the cage form rotational pairs with the eccentric and the glass, respectively, and the wedge is placed between the roller and the cage.

In the known clutch, due to gaps in the kinematic chain connecting the roller to the drive shaft and rigid connection of the cage with this shaft, there is a delay in the movement of the roller relative to the cage both when the coupling is jammed (the initial phase of torque transmission) and when the coupling is wedged (initial phase overtaking), which increases the angles of operation and wedging of the coupling, and also increases the moment of wedging. This limits the switching frequency and reduces the coupling efficiency.

The purpose of the invention is the improvement of operational characteristics, as well as increasing efficiency.

The proposed eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch has the following essential features.

It contains a leading coupling half with a drive shaft, with a satellite mounted with the possibility of rotation of the relative driving shaft, a disk and a cage made in the form of a ring with outer and inner cylindrical surfaces, and with a roller placed inside the cage, it also contains a driven coupling half with a driven shaft made with an eccentric and with a glass enclosing the eccentric and the cage having a wedge spring-loaded relative to the driven shaft, the roller and cage form rotational pairs with the eccentric and the glass, respectively m, the wedge is placed between the roller and cage, Sat is contacted with a holder and the disk to transmit rotation of the latter when turning the drive shaft and the drive is connected, for example cross-washer, with a roller, with relative translational movement.

These signs are supplemented by the following.

Toothed rims are made on a cylindrical cage and a disk, and the satellite is made in the form of a gear coupled to gear rims.

Fingers are made on the cylindrical cage and the disk, and in the satellite grooves with the fingers inserted into them.

Distinctive features of the prototype features of the invention are the following. The proposed high-torque overrunning clutch is provided with the possibility of rotation of the relative drive shaft by a satellite and a disk, while the satellite is in contact with the cage and disk with the possibility of transmitting rotation by the latter when the drive shaft is rotated, and the disk is connected, for example, with a cross washer, to a roller with the possibility of relative translational movement.

In Fig.1 and 2 presents a General view of the eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch, Fig.3-5 - options for execution.

The eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch (Figs. 1 and 2) contains the leading 1 and driven 2 shafts, respectively, related to the driving and driven half-couplings. A disk 3 is mounted on the drive shaft rotatably, and a satellite 5, made in the form of a gear, is mounted rotatably on the flange 4 of this shaft. On the flanges 6, a disk was mounted with the possibility of moving perpendicularly to the axis of the drive shaft, a cross washer 7 having two grooves perpendicular to the flats 8. Together with the driven shaft 2, an eccentric 9 (e is an eccentricity) and a cup 10 with an inner cylindrical surface 11 are made inside. the clip 12 is installed with the outer 13 and inner 14 cylindrical surfaces. A roller 15 is mounted on an eccentric with the possibility of rotation, bearing two dowels 16 in contact with the grooves 8 of the disk 16. A wedge 18 is made in the form of a washer with two projections 17, connected by tension springs 19 with a stop 20 mounted on the driven shaft. On the disk 3 and the holder 12 are made of gear rims 21 and 22, coupled to the satellite. The drive and driven shafts are centered relative to each other and are axially fixed using a cover 23 connected to the cup. To reverse the clutch, it is possible to turn the stop 20 away from the handle of the reverse 24, which moves the cut 25 along the driven shaft, in which a helical groove 26 is made, interacting with pin 27 layering. The tap is equipped with a finger 28 inserted into the hole on the abutment bearing lever 29, which is pivotally mounted on a driven shaft.

The clutch operates as follows (figures 1 and 2, [4]). The wedge 18 is pressed with one protrusion 17 to the cylindrical surface 14 of the cage 12 by the spring 19. When an external moment M is applied to the drive shaft 1, the shaft will rotate together with the satellite 5 in the direction of this moment, while the satellite will turn the disk 3 and the cage 12 in the same direction and the disk by means of a cross washer - roller 15, which together with the clip by friction forces will tighten the wedge between the clip and the roller, which will create conditions for the rotation of the driven shaft loaded with torque resistance (working stroke). In the opposite direction of rotation of the drive shaft, the transmission of rotation to the drive shaft will not (overtake), friction forces acting on the wedge will push it out of the gap between the roller and the cage. To change the direction of transmission of the moment (reverse), by moving the handle of the reverse 24 to turn the lever 29 relative to the driven shaft, another spring 19 will act on the wedge and it will turn relative to the roller, pressing against the clip with another ledge.

Figures 3 and 4 show a variant of the proposed non-reversible coupling (the stop 20 is rigidly fixed to the driven shaft), in which the satellite 5 is made in the form of a cylindrical washer with two grooves 30 and 31, and fingers inserted into these grooves are made on the holder 12 and the disk 3 32 and 33, the satellite is spring loaded relative to the flange 4 with a leaf spring 34, which returns the satellite to its original position in the absence of load, which occurs when overtaking. In Fig.5, the satellite is equipped with a cylindrical 35 and involute 36 protrusions in contact with the grooves of the cage and the disk.

The proposed design provides differential connection of the cage and the roller with the drive shaft through the satellite. The moments transmitted from the satellite to the roller and clip act simultaneously, which ensures the achievement of the goal. The ratio between these moments depends on the parameters of the coupling (see figure 4).

Satellite equilibrium condition: PH ₀ = P ₁ H ₁ + P ₄ H ₄ , P = P ₁ + P ₄ ; equilibrium conditions for the roller and the clip in the initial phase of overtaking:

nP ₁ H ₁ = FR ₁ k; nP ₄ H ₄ = FR ₄ ;

where F is the friction force from the eccentric and the cup, k is the coefficient of mismatch of the wedging moments for the roller and cage, and also taking into account friction in the cross washer, n is the number of satellites.

The equilibrium conditions give the following ratio of geometric parameters R ₁ k / R ₄ = (H ₁ / H ₄ ) (H ₄ -H ₀ ) / (H ₀ -H ₁ ),

for a satellite made in the form of a gear (H ₄ -H ₀ ) / (H ₀ -H ₁ ) = 1. The coefficient k is selected from the condition of minimizing the wedging moment.

The author has a clutch made according to the scheme shown in Figs. 3 and 4; in [4, 5], the parameters of the couplings of the proposed design are calculated.

Sources of information

1. A.F. Krainev. Dictionary reference to mechanisms. - 2nd ed. - M.: Mechanical Engineering. - 1987 (p. 408-411).

2. RF patent No. 2169870 C2, F 16 H 29/08. High torque variator / Author: B.V. Pylaev. - Prior: 05/14/1999.

3. A.A. Blagonravov. Non-friction mechanical stepless gears. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1977.

4. B.V. Pylaev. Eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch / Diagnostics, reliability and machine repair: Sat. scientific works. - MGAU them. V.P. Goryachkina, 2001. P.81-89.

5. B.V. Pylaev. Eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch. // Bulletin of mechanical engineering. 2003. No9. S.9-12.

Claims (3)

1. Eccentric high-torque overrunning clutch containing a leading coupling half with a drive shaft, with a cage made in the form of a ring with outer and inner cylindrical surfaces, with a roller placed inside the cage kinematically connected with the drive shaft, also containing a driven coupling half with a driven shaft made with an eccentric and with a wrap enclosing the eccentric and the cage, having a wedge spring-loaded relative to the driven shaft, the roller and cage forming rotational pairs with the eccentric and the glass, respectively and the wedge is placed between the roller and the cage, characterized in that it is provided with a possibility of rotation relative to the drive shaft with a satellite and a disk, while the satellite is in contact with the cage and the disk with the possibility of transmitting rotation last when the drive shaft is rotated, and the disk is connected, for example with a cross washer roller with the possibility of relative translational movement. 2. The clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear rings are made on the cylindrical cage and the disk, and the satellite is made in the form of a gear coupled to the gear rings. 3. The clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the fingers are made on the cylindrical cage and the disk, and in the satellite, grooves with the fingers inserted into them.

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