RU2229352C2 - Shaping mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic metal working, namely working sheet material by means of special profile rolls, possibly in ferrous metallurgy, machine engineering, building for making bent shapes or shaped tube blanks in aggregates for producing welded tubes or powder wire. SUBSTANCE: in base of shaping mill there are grooves normal relative to axis of shaping mill and designed for mounting housings mill stands and lids. Said housings are in the form of U-shaped pairs of jaws with outer and inner lateral guides. Shaping unit with idle rollers are provided with horizontal and (or) vertical crosspieces mounted with possibility of motion along lateral guides of jaws. Idle rollers of shaping unit are mounted in cross pieces with possibility of motion in plane of their axes. Lower horizontal rolls of stands are driven ones. In last stand upper horizontal roll may be driven one. Rotation drives of lower horizontal rolls of stands, except last one, are provided with slides mounted with possibility of axial motion and designed for joining said drives with clutches. Slides are mounted on brackets provided in casings of bearing assemblies. At least one stand has vertical crosspiece mounted in inner lateral guides of jaws and having shaping idle rollers. At shaping complex-profile articles, shaping unit with idle rollers is provided with horizontal and vertical crosspieces mounted with possibility of motion on lateral guides of jaws. On outer lateral guides of jaws of housing of terminal stands there are lateral cross pieces having guiding means with idle rollers. EFFECT: minimum size, low material and energy consumption for making and maintaining shaping mill, enhanced quality of shaped articles. 6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, and more specifically to the pressure treatment of sheet material using rolls of a special shape, and can be used in the steel industry, mechanical engineering, construction in the manufacture of bent profiles or for forming a molded pipe billet in units for the production of welded pipes or cored wire .

Quality, cost and volume of production are the defining indicators of any production. The greatest successes in the conditions of market relations are achieved by teams that have first of all mobile, universal, competitive equipment with original constructive performance of both individual parts and components and machines, including by giving them several consumer properties (technological capabilities), the degree of unification, flexible layout, cost reduction in their manufacture and operation.

Widespread equipment for pipe welding, roll forming units, as well as units for the production of flux-cored wire are forming mills, which for a number of reasons are completely differently made structurally, although they are designed to perform one technological operation - sheet forming.

Known molding mill, see and.with. USSR No. 1098606, m.cl. In 21 D 5/06, declared 05/19/82, publ. 06/23/84

This mill contains a base, sequentially arranged stands with non-drive forming rolls and a pulling stand with drive rolls.

According to the invention, the billet of the roll forming unit is fed between the horizontal stands driven by hydraulic pressing mechanisms and forming until they cross the front end of the axial plane of the last stand with the drive of each upper and lower roll. At the moment the rolls of all stands are brought together along the length of the workpiece between the first and pulling stands, its sections are molded in accordance with the shape of the calibers of each stand. Moreover, in the last forming draw stand, the caliber of the rolls corresponds to the section of the finished profile. Further, at the moment the rolls of all stands are brought together, the drives of rolls of the pulling stand are turned on and the process of continuous molding by pulling without stops begins, with welding of the previous and subsequent ends of the rolls with cutting to measured lengths of finished profiles behind the pulling stand on the go.

Given that the stable bending process in this case begins from the moment the workpiece is pulled by the pulling stand, the profile panel from the first to the pulling stand can not be of sufficient quality. Pulling this panel through all stands requires more installed drive power for the stand.

The use of hydraulic pressure mechanisms in the mill for all horizontal rolls dramatically increases the cost of manufacturing and operating the unit.

The known mill cannot be used in the production of complex closed profiles with zinc or other coating, since due to excessive contact stresses of the roll elements with the workpiece profile, the coating can peel off.

Known crate pipe forming mill.with. USSR No. 626855, M.cl. B 21 C 37/06, application. 03/21/77, publ. 10/05/78 g.

The known stand of the tube-forming mill comprises a bed, in the window of which a lower horizontal drive roll and a crosshead with upper horizontal and side vertical idle rolls equipped with pressure mechanisms are mounted.

The main disadvantage of the stand is its significant dimensions, metal consumption and, as a result, the high cost of manufacturing and operation. The stand bed is made in cast design with the upper and lower connecting traverses and a freestanding drive for rotating the lower horizontal roll.

The second disadvantage of the stand is the narrow technological capabilities of the stand and the molding mill as a whole. Due to the placement of side rolls in the traverse, the upper horizontal roll cannot be driven, in case of technological need.

The lateral vertical roll is equipped with only a horizontal pressure mechanism, and the horizontal upper roll is only vertical.

The design features of the stand do not allow its use for the production of bent profiles. Some profiles in the manufacture require the presence of 2 horizontal and 2 side rolls in one caliber stand.

Of the known molding mills, the closest in technical essence is the molding mill described in A.S. USSR No. 902886, M.cl. B 21 C 37/06, application. 12/25/79, publ. 02/07/82

This molding mill contains a base, sequentially located stands with beds for each pair of horizontal rolls with bearing housings and roll rotation drives, idle forming roller means placed between the stands.

The main disadvantage of the molding mill is the high metal and energy consumption and, as a consequence, the high cost of manufacture and operation, which is the result of the constructive implementation of horizontal stands with cast beds, metal-intensive lower and upper connecting traverses, the presence of spindles, gear common stands and a common drive of rotation with the frames on which they are fixed. Single forming roller tools made in the form of free-standing vertical stands with metal-intensive beds. In addition, the stand version of the structural design of the molding mill with a common drive for rotating horizontal rolls does not allow another layout of the incoming nodes or use them to perform other technological functions (capabilities), for example, for the manufacture of complex bent profiles.

The rigid kinematic connection of the stands along the rotation drive (general, group drive of the entire molding mill) during the molding of the tube billet and especially during the molding (bending) of complex profiles (more than 10 technological transitions, calibres, stands) does not make it possible to equalize the average technological speeds in each caliber with actual speed of the common drive. This leads to increased dynamic loads, excessive wear of the technological tool (rolls), an increase in drive power and, as a result, to an increase in the cost of operation of the unit, and hence the cost of manufactured metal products.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a molding mill for the continuous molding of sheet material with minimal dimensions, material and energy consumption, manufacturing and operating costs.

The objective of the invention is also to provide a device that, due to the unification and original execution of parts and assemblies, a flexible layout, would allow continuous molding of all types of open, closed and welded bent profiles, complex closed profiles with a coating, as well as tube blanks in roll forming lines, pipe welding units and flux-cored wire production units.

The next objective of the invention is to improve the quality of the molding.

The task is achieved by the fact that in a known molding mill containing a base, sequentially located stands with beds for each pair of horizontal rolls with bearing housings, a roll rotation drive, forming means with idle rollers, grooves are made in the base perpendicular to the axis of the forming mill for mounting the beds stands made in the form of U-shaped pairs of cheeks with outer and inner side guides, and covers, and forming tools with idle rollers are provided with horizontal and / or vertical traverses mounted to move along the side guide cheeks, and idle rollers of the forming tool are mounted on traverses with the ability to move in the plane of their axes of the rollers, while the lower horizontal rolls of the stands are made drive.

In the last stand, the upper horizontal roll is driven.

The rotation drives of the lower horizontal rolls of the stands, in addition to the latter, are equipped with axially mounted sliders for mounting said drives with gear couplings, while the sliders are mounted on brackets made on bearing housings.

When forming closed profiles or profiles in which the billet is a round or profile pipe, at least one stand is equipped with a vertical traverse with forming single rollers mounted on the inner side guide cheeks.

When bending (molding) complex profiles (C-shaped, blank for square and rectangular pipes), the forming tool with idle rollers is made with horizontal and vertical traverses mounted with the ability to move along the side guide cheeks.

For a more accurate task of the strip in a tube-forming or roll-forming mill, as well as for a more accurate direction of the formed tube billet in a tube-welding machine, lateral traverses with molding or guiding means with idle rollers are mounted on the outer side guide cheeks of the end stand frames.

Such a constructive implementation of the molding mill due to the implementation of the stands by the stands not cast, but from sheet metal, eliminating the connecting lower and upper traverses, the possibility of reducing the current distance between the cheeks as the workpiece width decreases, using both internal and external guide cheeks for horizontal, vertical and lateral traverse, the implementation of the grooves in the base allows you to reduce the dimensions, material consumption and the cost of manufacturing and operation of the molding mill.

Replacing the general group drive with an individual drive of the lower rolls of the stands with the possibility of their exclusion from work when forming profiles and tube blanks by a pulling method reduces the energy consumption, metal consumption of the mill and, as a result, the cost of its manufacture and operation.

In addition, due to the proposed implementation of the mill, the quality of forming profiles and tube blanks is improved.

Significant savings in materials and labor costs during manufacturing are provided by the ability to reduce the current distance between the cheeks in the direction of reducing the width of the workpiece.

The implementation of the base with grooves, a bed in the form of U-shaped cheeks with covers, inner and outer side guides for placing horizontal, vertical and side traverses with guiding means with idle rollers, the ability to change the distance between the cheeks depending on the current workpiece width, drive design the lower horizontal rolls of stands with the possibility of shutdown makes the mill universal, mobile, not only due to the original structural design of parts and assemblies, but also due to the high degree of unification and flexible layout of its individual units, which ultimately gives the mill wide technological capabilities in the form of production of all types of open, closed and welded bent profiles, complex closed coated profiles, as well as tube blanks in roll forming lines, pipe welding units.

To explain the invention, a specific embodiment of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a General view of the molding mill with options for forming and guiding means with horizontal, vertical and side traverses placed on the cheeks of the frame,

figure 2 is the same, a view along arrow A in figure 1,

figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1,

figure 4 - section bb in figure 1,

figure 5 - section GG in figure 1,

figure 6 - section DD in figure 1,

Fig.7 is a section EE in Fig.1,

on Fig - an embodiment of a vertical roller with placement on horizontal traverses.

The molding mill comprises a base 1 with grooves 2 located perpendicular to the axis of the mill, in which horizontal stands 3 are mounted sequentially with beds made in the form of U-shaped pairs of cheeks 4 with outer and inner side rails 5 and covers 6. In the windows 7, cheeks 4 s the possibility of vertical movement with screws 8, 9 housed 10 bearing housings with shafts 11 and horizontal rolls 12.

Depending on the molding technology, either horizontal 13 or vertical 14 traverses are placed between the horizontal stands 3 on the outer side guide cheeks 4, and when forming complex closed profiles (for example, profiles whose cylindrical or square tubes are blanks) and horizontal 13 and vertical 14 traverses on which the forming means 15, 16, 17 with idle rollers are located. The adjacent cheeks 4 are interconnected by connecting covers 18.

For the exact task of the roll strip into the molding mill, and the molded billet, for example, the tube blank, into the pipe welding machine, side traverses 19, 20 with guide means 21, 22, 23 with idle rollers are placed on the outer side guide cheeks 4 of the end stand 3 stands. The horizontal 13 and vertical 14 traverses are respectively equipped with pressure screws 24, 25.

Single rollers of forming means 15, 16, 17 are mounted on traverses 13, 14 with the possibility of movement in the plane of the axes of the rollers.

Housings 10 of the bearing bearings of the lower shafts 11 of all stands 3, except the last one, on the opposite side to the service side, are equipped with brackets 26 on which, with the possibility of axial movement by means of a helical gear 27, sliders 28 with rotation drive 29 and gear couplings 30 are placed. stands 3, both horizontal shafts 11 are provided with rotation drives 31, which are rigidly fixed to the brackets 32 of the bearing housings 10 of the bearings.

Between the horizontal shafts 11 of the last stand 3 on the inner side rails there are vertical traverses 14 carrying forming means with idle rollers 16.

The work of the molding mill is as follows. The front end of the roll strip 33 when passing the guide means 21, 22 with idle rollers is centered in the horizontal and vertical planes and then enters the rolls 12 of the first horizontal stand 3.

By rotating the lower drive rolls 12, the end of the strip 33 is pushed through the first idler rollers. At the same time, in the impact areas of the rolls of both the horizontal stand and the first forming means, the sections are molded in accordance with the shape of the gauges formed by the rolls and idle rollers.

The formed end of the strip is picked up by the lower drive rolls of the second horizontal stand 3 and further, as it passes through the gauges formed by the rolls of all horizontal stands 3 and the idle rollers of all forming means, the bent product or tube stock 34 is formed. After the front end of the bent profile or tube ends workpieces from the last horizontal stand 3, the forming mill is stopped, the quality of the molding is checked and, if it meets the technical requirements, the lower drives kov, except the last, are turned off. Using a helical gear manually or mechanically, the coupling halves of the gear coupling 30 are disconnected. Both drives of rotation of the rolls of the last horizontal stand 3 are turned on, a continuous process of forming a bent profile or tube stock begins.

In the tube forming mill, a guide means roller 23 is introduced into the gap of the tube billet when it leaves the last horizontal stand 3, and this ensures the correct task of the tube billet in the tube welding machine of the tube welding unit.

The vertical beam 14 is installed in the horizontal stands 3 between the upper and lower rolls if necessary (for example, when forming a complex profile from a cylindrical or square pipe), when two horizontal and two vertical rolls are needed simultaneously in the caliber. The layout of the horizontal 13 and vertical 14 traverses with forming means 21, 22, 23 in the spaces between the horizontal stands 3 depends only on the design of the bent profile or tube billet, or rather its manufacturing technology (calibration of rolls).

For example, profiling a corner measuring 50x50x3 mm is carried out in six passes (technological transitions) (see the Overview “Development of the production of bent profiles”, Moscow, 1992, issue 1, pp. 13-14).

Moreover, according to the invention and the developed calibration, the molding mill in this particular case will include: a horizontal stand with input guide means on the lateral traverses, pairs of horizontal traverses with two cross sections of forming means with idle rollers (two calibers), a horizontal stand, horizontal traverses with one a cross-section of forming means with single rollers (one caliber) and a horizontal stand with two driven horizontal rolls.

The molding mill in the line of the pipe welding unit according to the invention will include six horizontal stands 3 (five with a lower roll drive, a six with a lower and upper roll drive) with lateral traverses 19, 20 and guide means 21, 22, 23 with idle rollers at the input and output stands and five pairs of horizontal traverse 13 with forming means 17.

When bending a rolled strip with a pulling method to reduce unacceptable contact stresses in the area of the roll gauge of the last horizontal (pulling) stand, one or two drives of the lower rolls of the previous horizontal stands can be included in the work.

The proposed molding mill, in comparison with the known ones, allows continuous molding of all types of open, closed and welded bent profiles, complex closed profiles with a coating, as well as tube blanks in the lines of roll forming, tube welding units and flux-cored wire production units.

The proposed solution will reduce the dimensions of the mill, material and energy consumption, manufacturing and operation costs. Thanks to the proposed implementation of the mill increases the quality of the molding.

The advantage of the invention is also the continuity of the previous positive technical solutions, in particular for the drive rolls and the current distance between the cheeks of the stands.

If the profit when molding simple compact profiles using the proposed technical solutions is small, then the invention makes it possible to use traditional solutions.

Claims (6)

1. A molding mill comprising a base, successively arranged stands with beds for each pair of horizontal rolls with bearing housings, a roll rotation drive, forming means with idle rollers, characterized in that grooves are made in the base perpendicular to the axis of the forming mill for mounting the stands with stands, made in the form of U-shaped pairs of cheeks with outer and inner side guides, and covers, and forming means with idle rollers are provided with horizontal and / or vertical traverses, installed with the possibility of movement along the lateral guide cheeks, and the idler rollers of the molding means are mounted on the traverses with the ability to move in the plane of their axes of the rollers, while the lower horizontal rolls of the stands are made drive. 2. The molding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that in the last stand the upper horizontal roll is driven. 3. The molding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational drives of the lower horizontal rolls of the stands, in addition to the latter, are equipped with axially mounted sliders for mounting the said drives with gear couplings, while the sliders are mounted on brackets made on the bearings . 4. The molding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one stand is equipped with a vertical traverse with forming single rollers mounted on the inner side guide cheeks. 5. The molding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that when molding complex profiles, the forming tool with idle rollers is made with horizontal and vertical traverses mounted with the possibility of movement along the side guide cheeks. 6. The molding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that lateral traverses with guiding means with idle rollers are mounted on the outer side guide cheeks of the end stand frames.

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