RU222919U1 - Sleeve water collector for low temperature conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to fire-fighting equipment, in particular to technical means that increase the efficiency of operation of fire-fighting tank trucks of version U when extinguishing fires using the delivery method in low-temperature conditions. The technical objective of the claimed utility model is to develop design and technical solutions for a “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions”, designed to ensure uninterrupted supply of fire extinguishing agents (FAS) to fires in harsh conditions, in places with insufficient water supply, when extinguishing using the delivery method, especially due to the difficulties access and maneuvering at the call site (snowfall, snow drifts, ice, slopes, etc.), which is important for minimizing damage and without significant costs. The task was solved by developing, manufacturing, testing and offering for use a “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions.” In particular, the standard hose water collector VS-125 was taken as a basis and modernized by replacing the fire connection head GMV-125 with a nominal bore of DN 125 mm on its outlet pipe with a concentric adapter with a nominal bore of DN 125 (i.e. from a diameter of 139, 7 mm for a diameter of 88.9 mm, a length of 127 mm. See GOST 17378-2001 (ISO 3419-81) "Seamless welded pipeline parts made of carbon and low-alloy steel. Transitions"), onto the narrow end of which a fire coupling is screwed onto the thread head GM-80 with nominal bore DN 80 mm. The proposed design of the “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions” is very simple in design, manufacture and operation and can be used in the practice of fire and rescue garrisons not only in 29 regions of the country with a cold climate.

Description

The utility model relates to fire-fighting equipment, in particular to technical means that increase the efficiency of operation of fire-fighting tank trucks of version U when extinguishing fires using the delivery method, especially in low-temperature conditions.

In the autumn-winter periods of the year, the situation with fires becomes more complicated. In these months, the number of fires increases, the travel time to the place of call, the time of filing the first barrel in the decisive direction and the average time of servicing a call increase. These periods account for the greatest number of victims and the greatest damage from fires [see. Vettegren V.I., Lozhkin V.N., Savin M.A. Effective operation of basic fire fighting vehicles at low temperatures: monograph. Ekaterinburg: URI State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. 2019. 356 p.].

Consequently, the tactical and technical capabilities of the existing fleet of main fire fighting vehicles (FA) version U (for temperate climates according to GOST 15150-69 and designed for operation at air temperatures from + 40 to minus 40 ° C) and its operation in unfavorable climatic conditions leads to the imbalance between real indicators of the effectiveness of operational actions of crews at the main fire fighting stations, on the one hand, and the urgent needs of the population, economic facilities, infrastructure and territories in ensuring the appropriate level of fire safety, on the other.

Thus, any technical solutions aimed at improving fire and rescue equipment and technologies, and their adaptation to harsh conditions are very relevant.

Extinguishing fires in low temperature conditions is complicated by the possibility of interruptions in the operation of pumping and hose systems, fire equipment and fire-fighting water supply, stiffness of movement and frostbite of personnel [see. Plekhanov V.I. Organization of rear work during a fire. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1987, - 128 p.].

The uninterrupted supply of liquid fire extinguishing agents (FES) to the place of work of fire departments is associated with significant difficulties: firstly, reducing the temperature in the water supply to 0.5...1°C, and in open water sources, rivers and lakes - to 0°C; secondly, the danger of water freezing in the hose line, especially during the initial period of pump operation. At an air temperature of 40°C and below, the temperature of the hose walls is close to the ambient air temperature and the water moving along them quickly cools, sometimes turning into a pasty ice mass (slush), which first clogs the trunks and branches, and then the hose lines as a whole.

Under these conditions, the main actions should be aimed at accelerating the combat deployment of units.

Indeed, at the initial stages of hostilities, one of the most important conditions determining the success of extinguishing operations [see. Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated October 16, 2017 No. 444 “On approval of the combat regulations of fire departments, defining the procedure for organizing fire extinguishing and carrying out emergency rescue operations”], especially extraordinary fires include:

1) minimum time before feeding the first barrels;

2) the required (or maximum) intensity of OTV supply in the decisive direction of combat operations;

3) continuity of air supply (especially in winter conditions).

In other words, even a short-term interruption in the supply of fire extinguishing agents at low temperatures can lead to the development of a large and especially large fire.

Reconnaissance is a very important phase of fire fighting operations carried out at the fire site [see. Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated October 16, 2017 No. 444 “On approval of the combat regulations of fire departments, defining the procedure for organizing fire extinguishing and carrying out emergency rescue operations”]. When conducting fire reconnaissance, in particular, the location of the nearest water sources and possible methods of their use are established. If there are not enough fire extinguishing agents to complete the main combat mission, their delivery to the fire site is organized.

Indeed, when conducting combat operations to extinguish fires in conditions of lack of water, in cases where there is no other possibility of supplying fire extinguishing agents to the fire site, the current regulatory documents [see. Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated October 16, 2017 No. 444 “On approval of the combat regulations of fire departments, defining the procedure for organizing fire extinguishing and carrying out emergency rescue operations”] requires extinguishing with the supply of water. The number of vehicles involved in supplying water depends on the water consumption for extinguishing and the remoteness of the water source. When several tank trucks (ATs) are involved in the supply of water, it is most advisable to install the fire tank truck AC-1 at the water source to collect water and fill the tanks of arriving vehicles, and install the fire truck AC-2 at the fire site to ensure the operation of the trunks. The rest of the vehicles, AC-3 and attracted equipment - fuel trucks, watering equipment, etc. are on their way to the water source and to the place of the fire, i.e. They bring water and pour it into AC-2. In addition, when conducting combat operations to extinguish fires in conditions of air temperatures of 10 ⁰ C and below, on open fires and with a sufficient amount of water, fire nozzles with a high flow rate should be used, and the use of overlapping nozzles and spray nozzles should be limited.

So, to successfully extinguish fires, it is necessary to start extinguishing them as quickly as possible and supply the required composition and with the required intensity to the combustion source. Crews on fire-rescue vehicles, fire-fighting equipment, including various tools, ladders, special units, fire hoses, hydraulic equipment and, in particular, hose water collectors are called upon to perform these tasks.

A hose water collector is a device for connecting two streams of water from a fire pump and supplying it to the suction pipe of a fire pump.

According to the standard regulations, the main fire trucks are equipped with a water collector to ensure the operation of the pumping unit from the hydrant. It is also used when working with a hydraulic elevator and in the case of water supply by pumping.

The hose water collector consists of [see. Presnov A.I., Marchenko M.A., Lozhkin V.N. and others. Fire equipment: Textbook in 2 parts. Part 1. – St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg University State Fire Service EMERCOM of Russia, 2016. – 352 pp.] from a tee body, two pressure coupling heads GM-80 for connecting pressure or pressure-suction hoses and an output connecting suction head GMV- 125 for installing a water collector on the suction pipe of a fire pump. A hinged poppet valve is fixed inside the water collector body to shut off one inlet pipe when the fire pump is operating from a hydrant to one hose.

It is this design of the hose water collector that was chosen by the applicant as a prototype.

The disadvantage of such a device is that this equipment is intended to work only with a fire pump, to the suction pipe of which it is connected by the connecting head GMV-125.

The technical objective of the claimed utility model is to develop design and technical solutions for a “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions”, designed to ensure uninterrupted supply of fire extinguishing agents to fires in harsh conditions, in places with insufficient water supply, when extinguishing using the transport method, especially due to the difficulties of accessing and maneuvering location of the call (snowfall, snow drifts, ice, slopes, etc.), which is important for minimizing damage and without significant costs.

The task is solved by the fact that a “Hose Water Collector for Low Temperature Conditions” has been developed, manufactured, tested and offered for use. In particular, the standard hose water collector VS-125 was taken as a basis and modernized by replacing the fire connection head GMV-125 with a nominal bore of DN125 mm on its outlet pipe with a concentric adapter with a nominal bore of DN 125 (i.e. from a diameter of 139.7 mm - on Ø88.9 mm, 127 mm long [see GOST 17378-2001 (ISO 3419-81) “Seamless welded pipeline parts made of carbon and low-alloy steel. Transitions”]), onto the narrow end of which a fire coupling connection head is screwed along the thread GM-80 with nominal bore DN 80 mm.

The technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings. In fig. Figure 1 shows one of the proposed design options for a “Hose water collector for low-temperature conditions” assembled, where 1 is a coupling coupling head GM-80, 2 is a hinged-disc valve (The hinged-disc valve operates as follows. After emptying the AC, the pressure in the hose drops sharply line from it to the “Water Collector...” However, due to the higher pressure in the line from the newly arrived vehicle and the activation of the hinged poppet valve in the “Water Collector...” there is an automatic switch to the line from the newly arrived AC and without stopping the operation of the fire nozzles. the moment is reflected in Fig. 1, where the arrows show the direction of movement of the liquid waste water through the “Water collector...” And the main line cut off by the valve, including after emptying the tank truck, is easily disconnected. After this, a hose line from another AC can be connected to the device.) , 3 - tee body, 4 - concentric adapter with nominal bore DN 125 (i.e. from Ø139.7 mm to Ø88.9 mm, length 127 mm).

A hose water collector for low-temperature conditions works as follows.

When following operational special equipment, the “Water Collector...” is placed and fixed in the pump compartment of the vehicle. Upon arrival at the scene of the call, the first echelon of fire-rescuers consisting of three departments of the 4th Fire and Rescue Unit (PSCh-4), including on two tankers and a pump-hose vehicle (ANR), in conditions of water shortage, combat deployment and extinguishing is carried out by supply [ cm. “On approval of the combat regulations of fire departments, which determine the procedure for organizing fire extinguishing and conducting emergency control.” Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated October 16, 2017 No. 444] using the proposed “Water Collector...” in accordance with the Fire Extinguishing Plan (see Fig. 2). At the same time, the distance from the nearest hydrant to the fire extinguishing site in a straight line was 1000 meters. In fig. 2: 5 – fire hydrant with a water supply diameter of 150 mm; 6 – fire column; 7 – pressure and pressure-suction hoses; 8 – standard hose water collector VS-125; 9 – PSCh-4(3) - a pump-hose vehicle (ANR) for collecting water and filling the tanks of arriving vehicles; 10 – pressure hoses for filling AC; 11 and 12 - respectively PSCh-4(1) and PSCh-4(2) - both guard tankers delivering fire extinguishing agent from the ANR and alternately extinguishing it in transit through the proposed “Hose water collector for low-temperature conditions” - 14, then to the three-way branching - 15 and further along working hose lines - 16 with a diameter of Ø51 to the connected fire trunks “B” to the second floor of the facility at the source of the fire; 13 - main hose lines for connecting arriving ACs with the “Water Collector...”.

So, after filling, the AC delivers water to the extinguishing site at the maximum possible speed, in accordance with regulatory requirements of traffic regulations, time of day and road conditions. At the same time, to ensure that there is no interruption in the transportation of fire fighting equipment to the trunks of a fire truck, previously connected to the proposed design of the “Water Collector...”, it is necessary to drain the fire fighting fuel and, despite possible objective difficulties with maneuvering at the call site (snow drifts, ice, slopes, etc. .), as quickly as possible to free up space for connecting to the “Water Collector...” a newly arriving, for example, a utility AC brought in for extinguishing. Thus, time is spent on disconnecting it from the “Water Collector...” and freeing up an area of the appropriate size to accommodate the next AC.

Similarly, a newly arrived AC needs some time to approach and connect to the “Water Collector...”, and then to supply waste water through the main hose line to the fire.

The timing showed that all of the above actions are performed on average in 90 seconds. Obviously, pauses in interrupting the supply of fire fighting equipment for extinguishing, due to the rapid spread of fire, are very dangerous in that this time will be quite enough for its further development of the fire and even the emergence of new fires.

Reference. The capacities of AC water containers are standardized [see. GOST R 53328-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Basic fire trucks. General technical requirements. Test methods] and correspond to the following row (m ³ ): up to 2; 2…5; 5…8; over 8. The maximum supply of liquid fire extinguishing agent during its transportation from the fire fighting center with a pressure at the pumping unit of 90 m of water is also known. Art. [cm. V.V. Terebnev, M.A. Shurygin et al. “Crib” RTP. Calculation of parameters of pump-hose systems using tables. Ekaterinburg: LLC Publishing House Kalan, 2014. 116 p.]. With a hose diameter of 77 mm (DN 80 mm), it is 23.3 l/s. However, pumping water into a container under such pressure is fraught with damage to the breakwaters located there. Therefore, filling containers from ANR should be done under much lower pressure - no more than 0.3 MPa. Consequently, the flow will be only about 8.0 l/s. Thus, the time (s) for draining the waste fuel from the AC varies accordingly from 250 (with a container capacity of 2 m ³ ); 625; 1000 and up to 1250 (with a capacity of 10 m ³ ); or 4.2; 10.4; 16.7; 20.8 minutes. From the above calculation, it becomes even more clear why heavy ACs on all-wheel drive chassis with a tank capacity of 5.0...10.0 m ³ are in great demand in the northern fire and rescue garrisons of the country [see. IN AND. Vettegren, V.N. Lozhkin, M.A. Savin. Effective operation of main fire fighting vehicles at low temperatures: monograph – 2nd ed., revised. and additional – Ekaterinburg: URI State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. 2019. 356 p.].

So, since the main and working hose lines will be constantly filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent and its uninterrupted supply to the shafts is ensured, the likelihood of further spread of the fire is correspondingly reduced, and ultimately the time it takes to extinguish it and the amount of damage associated with it is reduced.

Thus, the analysis of the variant of combat deployment of the guard in conditions of low water and extinguishing by supply, taking into account a new factor, i.e. the use of the “Water Collector...” shows (see Fig. 2) that its use on large and protracted fires, especially in winter, will allow the release of at least one AC. In relation to this case, we are talking about ATs-2, which was recommended to be installed at the fire site to ensure the operation of the barrels, and now it can also be used for the uninterrupted supply of fire fighting equipment. (And when a large number of trunks are operating at the fire site, several flow points will be organized, which will lead to a corresponding increase in the number of ACs in general, as well as those “released” - as a result of the use of the “Water Collector...”.)

In addition, under the time pressure of a fire, the time spent on pumping a volume of water from the newly arrived AC to AC-2, which has become unnecessary, is completely eliminated.

It follows that the responding fire and rescue unit, with a given composition of forces and means and using the “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions,” is a tactical unit capable of independently solving much more complex problems without the involvement of additional crews, and this is especially important against the backdrop of the small number of fire guards .

The developed design and technical solutions for the modernization of the “Water Collector...”, in relation to situations with a lack of water, increase the adaptation of fire-fighting tankers of version U to operation in low temperature conditions and, therefore, they definitely have socio-economic significance. Indeed, minimizing damage from fires affects the level of costs for maintaining the fire department, the socio-economic efficiency (“profitability”) of the fire service, etc.

The proposed combat deployment schemes using the “Water Collector...” also make it possible, at low ambient temperatures, not only to prevent interruptions in the supply of fire extinguishing agents, but also to periodically replenish the hose lines with hot water from arriving ACs, in order to prevent icing of fittings and fire trunks.

After completing a combat mission, during the process of winding down forces and means, the “Water Collector...” can be easily dismantled. It is placed and fixed in the pump compartment of the car.

A comparison of the proposed design solution of the “Water Collector...” with the prototype shows that it differs in the following technical features:

the presence on the outlet pipe, instead of the GMV-125 head with a nominal bore of DN 125 mm, of a GM-80 coupling connecting head;

somewhat larger weight and size parameters of the claimed “Water Collector...” in transport and combat positions;

simplicity of design, ease and reliability in operation.

Thus, it can be assumed that the proposed technical solution meets the “novelty” criterion.

The utility model can be implemented by semi-skilled specialists on standard equipment using known technological processes and equipment, therefore it meets the criterion of “industrial applicability”.

The results of testing of the modernized “Water Collector...” of the proposed design carried out in 4 PSCh 9 PSO FPS State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in 2023 indicate its certain effectiveness.

The proposed design of the “Hose Water Collector for Low-Temperature Conditions” is very simple in design, manufacture and operation and can be used in the practice of extinguishing large, protracted fires by delivery not only in regions of the country with a cold climate.

Claims (1)

A hose water collector for low-temperature conditions, including a tee body with inlet pipes, an outlet pipe and a hinged poppet valve, characterized in that the outlet pipe has a concentric adapter from a diameter of 139.7 mm to a diameter of 88.9 mm, a length of 127 mm with a conventional passage DN 125, onto the narrow end of which a coupling connection head with a nominal bore DN 80 mm is screwed onto the thread.