RU2229032C2 - Diesel fuel nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; diesel engines. SUBSTANCE: proposed diesel fuel nozzle consists of nozzle body, differential needle, spring with adjustable tightening force, fuel inlet and outlet channels, nozzle orifices and fuel activator. Activator is installed in nozzle body in space between nozzle orifices and differential surface of needle. EFFECT: increased service life of activator, provision of activation of amount of fuel required in specific moment for executing working process in diesel engine cylinder. 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of devices that improve the environmental and economic performance of internal combustion engines (ICE), in particular to devices of a fuel system with fuel activation, and can be used in the design of internal combustion engines running on diesel fuel.

Known devices for activating diesel fuel and injecting it into the internal combustion engine cylinders, consisting of a kit that includes a container (cylinder) with an activating material (activator) and an injector installed after this container in the direction of movement of the fuel.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed nozzle design can be considered a fuel activation device, a structural diagram of which is described in [1]. The placement of the device on the engine is presented in [2].

This device is an element of the fuel system of the engine: an injector and a metal cylinder with activating material (activator) installed in front of it. At the ends of the cylinder are fittings for connecting the device with flexible piping to the fuel system of the engine.

Since the “lifetime” of activated fuel is several seconds, the activator bottle should be installed as close to the fuel nozzle as possible.

A disadvantage of the known activation device is the following.

When using the prototype, all fuel supplied by the fuel pumps is activated. Meanwhile, in systems with a common high-pressure fuel pump (TNVD) for several cylinders, part of the fuel is used in the nozzle to lubricate the differential needle and then removed from the fuel system. In systems with an individual fuel injection pump for each cylinder, only part of the activated fuel is also used to carry out the working process in the internal combustion engine cylinders, and the rest is diverted back to the fuel tank via the bypass system.

Thus, in the known activation device, the amount of fuel that is not involved in the engine’s workflow is also exposed, which entails a reduction in the resource of the activating material (activator).

The invention solves the problem of installing an activation device immediately before injecting fuel into the engine cylinder and activating only the amount of fuel that is currently needed to carry out the workflow in the engine cylinder.

This is achieved by the fact that in the known nozzle for diesel fuel, consisting of a nozzle body, a differential needle, a spring with adjustable tightening torque, fuel inlet and outlet channels, nozzle openings, and also a fuel activator, according to the invention, the activator is installed in the nozzle body in space between the nozzle holes and the differential surface of the needle.

The drawing shows a diagram of the device.

A nozzle for diesel fuel consists of a nozzle body 1, a spring with an adjustable tightening force 2, a differential needle 3. The components of the needle are a support ring 3a, a guide precision part 3b, a differential surface 3c, a characteristic part 3g with a locking cone. In the body of the nozzle, a fuel supply channel 4 is made, a fuel exhaust hole lubricating the differential needle 5, nozzle holes 6. An activating material (activator) 7 is placed inside the nozzle body.

Activation of diesel fuel in the nozzle is as follows.

Fuel is supplied to the nozzle body through channel 4. The fuel pressure acts on the differential surface 3b of the needle, limited by the diameters of the guide part 3b and the characteristic part 3g. As soon as the force on the needle created by the fuel pressure on the differential surface exceeds the force of the spring 2 exerted on the support ring 3a, the needle breaks off the seat and starts to move upward, opening the nozzle holes 6. According to the invention, the fuel passes through an activating material (activator), enriched with a catalyst and sprayed in the engine cylinder.

The proposed device in comparison with the prototype is structurally installed in the nozzle directly inserted into the cylinder of the engine. This ensures a minimum fuel transit time from activation to spraying. In addition, activation in the proposed device is subjected only to the amount of fuel that is necessary for the implementation of the working process in the cylinder. The technical and economic effect expected from the use of the device is to extend the life of the activating material (activator), to complete the process of supplying activated fuel to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

Sources of information

1. Prospects for the development of diesel engines 10D100. Chichin A.V. Railway transport, No. 7.1998. S.27-31.

2. Effective environmental technologies. Chichin A.V. Railway transport, No. 2, 2000. S.72-77.

3. Trusov V.I., Dmitrienko V.P., Maslyany G.D. Nozzles of automotive diesel engines. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1977.167 s.

Claims (1)

A nozzle for diesel fuel, consisting of a nozzle body, a differential needle, a spring with an adjustable tightening force, inlet and outlet fuel channels, nozzle holes, and a fuel activator, characterized in that the activator is installed in the nozzle body in the space between the nozzle holes and the differential surface needles.