RU2226778C1 - Method for preparing of grain before laying for storage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: postharvest treatment of grain with the use of organic preservatives before laying for storage. SUBSTANCE: method involves treating grain with propionic acid comprising chitosan additive in ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field; using specific preparation as chitosan source for adding to propionic acid, said preparation being produced by sequential extracting of Mortierella bainieri micromycet biomass with the use of non-polar extractant in above-critical state, water, alkaline, water, acid, water, alkaline, and water, followed by joining of first extract with solid residue. EFFECT: reliable storage of grain, in particular, in case of possible secondary contamination of grain.

Description

The invention relates to the technology of post-harvest grain processing before laying for storage using organic preservatives.

A known method of preparing grain before laying it for storage, providing for its processing in the electromagnetic field of a microwave propionic acid containing an additive of chitosan (RU 2153793 C1, 08/10/2000).

The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of grain storage, especially when secondary contamination is possible.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of grain storage.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of preparing the grain before putting it into storage, providing for its processing in the electromagnetic field of microwave propionic acid containing an additive of chitosan, according to the invention, a preparation obtained by sequential extraction of micromycete biomass is used as a source of chitosan for addition to propionic acid Mortierella bainieri non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of the micromycete Mortierella bainieri is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is isolated, which is used later in the preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. Thus obtained drug is introduced into propionic acid. In an electromagnetic field, microwave grain is treated with propionic acid with the addition of the drug using one of the known methods, for example by spraying. The introduction into the propionic acid of a preparation from biomass of micromycete Mortierella bainieri in an amount of more than 0.2% by weight is not recommended because of a sharp increase in viscosity, which prevents uniform application to the grain. The influence of the microwave field and propionic acid leads to the destruction of the surface microflora of the grain. The composition of the biomass micromycete Mortierella bainieri consists mainly of chitosan and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic. The latter, in combination with chitosan, have a synergistic effect on stimulating the protective reactions of plants. At the same time, the drug does not include substances that can inhibit this activity, and phytotoxic substances. As a result, the grain is deposited with induced resistance, which can inhibit the development of phytopathogenic microflora during secondary contamination, even in conditions of high infection density.

Example 1

Skifyanka wheat grain is treated in the microwave field with propionic acid before storing for storage, containing in the amount of 0.01% by weight an additive of chitosan or a preparation obtained from biomass of micromycete Mortierella bainieri using carbon dioxide as non-polar extractant, as alkali, sodium hydroxide and of hydrochloric acid. After 1 month of storage, grain samples are taken from the experimental and reference lots, which are contaminated with spores of fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium in an amount of 2 · 10 ¹² spores / mg. By the end of 6 months of storage in the experimental samples, the development of molds was not detected, on all reference samples developed mycelium of molds was found.

Example 2

Spalchik rice grain is stored in a microwave field with propionic acid before storing for storage, containing 0.2% by weight of chitosan or a preparation obtained from biomass of micromycete Mortierella bainieri using hexane as a nonpolar extractant, as an alkali, ammonium hydroxide and propionic acids. After 1 month of storage, samples are taken and contaminated according to example 1. The result is the same as example 1.

Thus, the proposed method improves the reliability of grain storage.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing grain before laying it for storage, which involves treating it in a microwave electromagnetic field with propionic acid containing a chitosan additive, characterized in that a preparation obtained by sequential extraction of micromycete Mortierella bainieri biomass with a non-polar supercritical extractant is used as a source of chitosan for addition to propionic acid condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue.