RU2226597C2 - Gear to test spring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tests of torsion spring. SUBSTANCE: proposed gear is designed to test torsion spring that is intended for counterbalance of weight of winch web. Catching section of catching link movable outwards in radial direction interlocks gripping fixture made on radially directed inwards wall of winch web of interlocking member when fractured. Part of cable drum is utilized as interlocking member. Catching fixture is made on internal wall in zone accessible from outside. EFFECT: gear occupies lesser space and ensures interlocking in case of great torques emerging with fracture of spring. 9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for monitoring the operation of springs, and more particularly to a device for monitoring operating with prestressing spring for gates, doors or the like.

US Pat. No. 5,697,476 discloses a braking mechanism for braking a garage door when a balancing mechanism with a drum-shaped brake element fails, which is provided with a toothed meshing gripping device and a catching link that is movable on the torsion shaft rotationally rotating as the door leaf rotates while the door leaf is moving. from the working position in which it is released by the gripping device to the catching position in which it is gripping t gripping device for braking gating blade, and has a radially inwardly directed within the movable wall during the movement of the catching position radially outwards into gripping position gripping device trapping portion. At the same time, a catching link made in the form of a ratchet dog is mounted on a torsion shaft and, under the action of the spring, is preliminarily elastically tensioned radially inward and is mounted with the possibility of moving towards the gripping device against the action of the prestress directed from the gripping device due to centrifugal force. The brake element is braked by means of a fixedly installed brake loop guided around the circumference of a brake element executed as a drum.

The known device has the disadvantage that it requires a relatively large amount of space and material, especially when a large radius is desirable for a ratchet wheel or similar blocking element due to an approaching high moment of rotation and, accordingly, also a complex catching link. If it is necessary to exclude access from the outside, a housing is also necessary for gripping known blocking devices (catching link and blocking element).

The closest analogue is known from the application EP No. 0151427, publ. 02/12/1986 a device for monitoring a spring operating with prestressing spring for gates, doors or the like, in particular, a torsion spring provided as a balancing spring for a single-link or multi-link, movable doorway above the head or for a louvre door leaf, to prevent slamming or falling of the door or door leaf, or the like, comprising rotating around the axis of rotation during movement of opening and closing the door leaf or the like. together with a torque transmission element loaded by an unbroken spring, in particular a cable or chain traction shaft or a similar torsion shaft, a blocking element which, for blocking this rotation movement and as a result of this movement of the door leaf, etc. made with the possibility of locking and locking, preferably with a geometric closure by means of a toothed gear gripping device, catching link moved from the working position in which it is released by the gripping device to the catching position in which it is gripped by the gripping device for locking the door leaf, and also sensitive and a starting device for sensing spring stress and causing the movement of the catching link from the working position in the catching position as a reaction to the spring break registered by the sensitive element.

The known device serves in practical applications mainly due to the fact that when the spring breaks, which is designed to balance the door leaf moving above the head and interacts with the shaft for the traction means, for example, cable traction, the torsion spring prevents the door leaf from falling. In this case, just with very heavy door leafs, significant moments of rotation should be perceived. The device must sense torques of more than 800 Nm and reliably block the rotation of the cable shaft, which can be affected by these torques due to the gravity of the gate.

The objective of the invention is to develop a device for monitoring working with prestressing springs for gates, doors or the like, which takes up less space and requires less material, and at the same time also provides blocking of high torques that occur when the spring breaks.

The problem is solved in a device for controlling a spring operating for prestressing a gate, door or the like, in particular, a torsion spring provided as a balancing spring for a single-link or multi-link, movable doorway over the head head or for the blinds door leaf, for preventing slamming or falling of the door or door leaf and the like, comprising rotating around the axis of rotation during movement of opening and closing the door leaf or the like. together with a torque transmission element loaded by an unbroken spring, in particular a cable or chain traction shaft or a similar torsion shaft, a blocking element which, for blocking this rotation movement and as a result of this movement of the door leaf, etc. made with the possibility of locking and locking, preferably with a geometric closure by means of a catching gear containing a gear engaging gear, moved from a working position in which it is released by a gripping device to a catching position in which it is gripped by a gripping device for locking the door leaf, and also sensitive and starting device for perceiving spring stress and causing the movement of the catching link from the working в в в в реакцию из как как как как как как как как как как как как как в в в в в в лом в лом в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в в ины ины ины ины ины ины ины an inwardly directed wall that is moved during movement to a trapping position radially outward to a gripping position by a gripping device, kiruyuschy element is a portion of the drum for the traction means connected at one end to the portal web.

In contrast to the one known from EP 0151427, the locking element according to the invention, provided as an additional part and provided with ratchet latches of the ratchet wheel, is provided in its inner part with a gripping device, which includes a catching element as a result of outward movement when the spring breaks. With the same grip radius, the capture link can thus be made much smaller and with material savings than the prior art. The low-mass pickup unit also has the advantage that it has less inertia, so that faster blocking is possible. In addition, the blocking device made of the blocking element and the catching link is well protected in the inner area of the blocking element against external influences, so that there is no need for a separate casing.

Due to the design as a part of the drum for the traction means connected at one end to the door leaf, preferably in its lower zone in the closing position, the blocking element is no longer a separate part, but integrated into the existing drum for the traction means. In this embodiment, the device according to the invention is fully integrated inside the drum for the traction means, i.e. completely surrounded by him.

Preferably, the catching portion is preliminarily elastically tensioned radially outward, in particular by the action of a spring, to the ratchet dog for engaging in protruding ratchet teeth on the wall extending radially inward to form a gripping device.

For quick and reliable operation of the locking device when the spring is broken, an embodiment is proposed in which the catching element is provided with a support surface which in the working position serves as a support for the holding element that is moved when the spring breaks and is held from the trajectory of the catching link and is inclined relative to the direction of movement of the holding element in such a way that when released in the event of a break in the spring of the catching link, it is pushed into the polo trapping from the trajectory of the catching link. So, for example, if a ratchet dog is used which can be rotated outside of the shaft torque transmission element serving as a transmission element of the traction element, which is held in the operating position, as in the prior art, by means of a spring cone also rotatably fixed outside the shaft, used as retaining element of the bolt, then only the transverse component of the prestressing force of the ratchet dog acts on this bolt, namely in such a way that the ratchet dog fits to the bolt through the supporting surface that does not extend vertically to the point of gravity of the ratchet dog. If the spring breaks and the cone with the bolt moves along the prescribed angular range around the axis of rotation to the final locking position, then this movement is supported by the prestress of the dog.

According to another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the catching element is made in the form of a lever axis that is rotatable around a lever axis parallel to the axis of rotation and preliminarily spring loaded in the catching position of the lever element with a first lever having a catching section and forming, in particular, a ratchet dog. If the lever element also has a second lever arm, which serves to interact with the trigger mechanism of the sensitive and trigger devices, in particular having a supporting surface, then the available space is better used and can be converted into movement useful for triggering the locking device. The second lever arm serves, for example, the movement of the spring cone when the spring breaks, preferably as described above, so that a small component of the spring force of the ratchet dog acts on the cone bolt through an oblique surface (abutment surface).

When a spring breaks, what can happen is that the actuation mechanism, i.e. for example, a bolt fixed to a cone, or other holding device. or the other restraining element is loaded not only in its release position, but also with a back-strike or back-bounce. In order that such a trigger bouncing back could not again reach the already released second lever arm, it is preferably made in such a way that when the lever element moves to the catching position, it is completely removed from the range of the trigger mechanism, in particular from the trajectory of the holding mechanism item.

Further, such a preferred feature is provided, according to which the lever element is supported in such a way that the first lever arm in the catching position can be loaded by compression by the movement of the door leaf to be blocked by the like, or the like. Such compression lever arm gives a lever compared to tensile loading with a dog, there are other advantages in terms of saving material, since this allows you to abandon the hook element required with a tensile lever with a dog. Instead of such an element, you can simply perform the free end of the lever arm as a zone for capture by the dog.

In accordance with another preferred feature of the proposed device, the catching area on the first lever shoulder made in the form of a ratchet dog has a ratchet acting as a ratchet spout or covering such a ratchet spout, and the free end is provided with a bevel which, when turning the lever the element after breaking the spring slides along an additional bevel on the ratchet tooth, as a result of which the lever element can move to the final catch position ie before the transmitted torque worthy of mention. The free end of the first link arm forming the catching portion can act as a blocking nose, or this free end can have, for example, a blocking nose formed by the bent portion.

Given that the drum for the traction means is often made by injection molding and thus consists of a material that is more prone to fracture than, for example, sheet material, execution with additional bevels has the advantage that really perceived forces must be introduced along possibilities only after a wide-plane interaction between the blocking nose and the corresponding lateral side of the ratchet tooth. Therefore, with this embodiment of the invention, the gripping device pulls a correspondingly beveled blocking nose along its chamfered side of the ratchet tooth, first radially outward to the base of the ratchet tooth, so that a large contact surface is obtained between the blocking nose and the tooth side surface due to corresponding sliding retraction. This is especially advantageous in connection with the compression lever arm, since when the lever arm is stretched, the bevel on the lateral side of the tooth must be made so oblique that in extreme cases the fracture resistance of the ratchet teeth may suffer.

The carrier (or forming) a gripping device directed radially inward to the wall should not be continuous, it may have breaks or be provided only on the circumference of the blocking element. The wall does not have to be radially aligned in the exact geometric sense. It can be, for example, everywhere, equipped with areas with ratchet dogs in such a way that it does not have any vertically directed planar section. The important thing is that it is mainly or inwardly directed in such a way that the gripping device formed on it is accessible radially from the inside.

Instead of a catching section located constantly radially inside the inside wall of the catching section, a catching section can be provided, the resting position of which in normal operation is axially displaced outside the zone covered by the wall, however, at least in the direction of travel, it can be located in this zone, i.e. along the start-up movement it moves into this zone and relative to the axis of rotation radially outward to the capture position.

Figure 1 shows a sectional view along the line A-B-C-D-E-F of figure 2 of the lateral end zone provided with the proposed device balancing device for the door leaf with a torsion spring; figure 2 is a schematic image of the device of figure 1 in cross section along the line G-H-I in figure 1; figure 3 is a top view of the lever element used in the device of figure 1 as a catching link; figure 4 is a front view of the lever element of figure 3.

Figure 1 shows the lateral end zone of a balancing device for a door leaf with a torsion spring, used, for example, on a louvered gate or on a gate moved overhead. Here, a pre-stressed torsion spring 1 serving to compensate for the weight of the door leaf is presented, the torque of which is transmitted through the torsion shaft 2 to the cable drum 3. An unshown door leaf hangs with its weight on the cable 4, which is held wound on the cable drum 3. To support the torsion shaft 2, a holder 5 is provided. A torsion spring 1, connected at its not shown end to the torsion shaft 2, sits, as shown, with its other end facing the cable drum 3, on the cone 6. B not the axis of rotation A of the torsion shaft 2, the cone is rotatably rotated by the first bolt 7 around the axis of rotation Ak offset parallel to the axis of rotation A. Located opposite to the axis of rotation A of the torsion shaft 2, the second bolt 8 is mounted on the cone 6 and is guided in the curved elongated hole 9 (Fig. 2) in the holder 5 so that the cone 6 can rotate around the axis of rotation Ak by a small angle. Tosion spring 1 pre-pulls the cone 6 so that the second bolt 8 collides with the first end 10 of the elongated hole 9, as shown in FIG.

The cable drum 3 is connected to the torsion shaft 2 for joint rotation, for example, it is mounted in the manner described below in more detail. On the zone of the radially inner wall 11, accessible from the side facing the torsion spring, it has a gripping device 12, which contains several ratchet teeth 13 distributed around the circumference and directed in the direction of winding, i.e. in the direction of rotation of the cable drum 3, in which it rotates when closing the door leaf while winding the cable 4, radially beveled sides 14.

To block the movement of the cable drum when the spring is broken, a lever element 15 is provided as a pickup link. This lever element 15 is supported by a third bolt 16 with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the lever Ah, which runs parallel to the axis of rotation A with offset. The spring element 17 pulls the lever element 15 in the catch position (not shown), in which the gripping device 12 provided on the cable drum 3 captures the locking cable drum 3, i.e. the lever element 15 is pre-stressed in the image of figure 2 in the direction of rotation counterclockwise. The lever element 15 has, as is especially clearly seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, a first lever arm 18 and a second lever arm 19 extending at an angle thereto.

The first lever arm 18 has a free end 20 provided with an effective (see FIG. 4 in connection with FIG. 1) as a catching portion that enters the cable drum 3 inside the locking spout 26, in the shown embodiment, the end 23 is bent so that it is only bent, the part forming the blocking nose 26 is included in the cable drum 3, the rest of the lever element 15 is axially outside the cable drum 3. The edge of the free end 20 (blocking nose 26) directed against the direction of winding Ra is provided with a bevel 21, which is made additionally in accordance with the lateral side of the ratchet tooth 14. The second lever arm 19 is designed so that in the working position shown in the drawings (in which the cable drum 3 rotates freely without being caught by the lever element 15) it is adjacent to the torsion spring 1 held at the first end 10 elongated holes 9 to the second bolt 8. For this, the free end 22 of the second lever arm 19 is also bent, namely in the axial direction directed to the torsion spring 1. Thus, a support surface 24 is formed on the side of the bend 23 facing the axis of the lever Ah to support the second lever arm 19 and with it the entire lever element 15 against the prestress of the spring element 17 on the second bolt 8. The support surface 24, however, is not exactly directed along the axis Ah, a is beveled, so that it, like an oblique plane, rests on a bolt 8 and loads it with the transverse component of the spring force of the spring element 17 against its abutment to the first end 10 of the elongated hole 9.

The lever element 15 has a third lever arm 25, which, to control the lever element 15, protrudes between the shaft holder 5 and the cable drum 3.

For the rotation-tight connection of the torsion shaft 2 and the cable drum 3, these two elements 2, 3 have groove zones 27, 28, respectively, into which a locking element is introduced in the form of a stop cone 29 or the like. Along with preventing the relative rotation of the elements 2, 3, the wedge-shaped embodiment of the locking element 29 also serves to clamp the elements 2, 3 in such a way that relative displacement is prevented. In addition, the cable drum 3 is provided with a clamping screw 30 to prevent displacement of the tosion shaft 2.

The holder 5 is equipped with a pressed-in ball bearing 31 for supporting the torsion shaft.

For a more detailed implementation, in particular of the parts according to the invention of the balancing device of the door leaf with a torsion spring, reference is made to the application EP 0151427.

In the normal mode of operation of the balancing device, the torsion spring 1 transfers its support force through the bolt 7 and the bolt 8 adjacent to the end 10 of the elongated hole 9 to the shaft holder 5. As a result, the cable drum is pre-tensioned against the direction of winding Ra, the load cable 4 is compensated for the weight of the door leaf. Those. the door leaf can be easily moved between the opening and closing positions. Moreover, the cable 4 due to the rotation of the drum 3 is accordingly wound or reeled up. The lever element 15 is thus held in position by a second bolt 8 as a retaining element.

Without the torsion spring control device 1, when the torsion spring 1 is broken, the full weight of the door leaf without counter support would load the cable 4 and in case of a spring break the door leaf would collapse with full weight. To turn the collapse of the door leaf when the spring breaks with the proposed balancing device, a spring control device is provided, comprising a lever element 15 and a gripping device 12, a locking device and having a cone 6, an elongated hole 9, 10 and bolts 7 and 8, a sensitive and starting device. The sensitive and starting device 6-10, due to contact with the torsion spring 1, senses a decrease in the spring voltage and immediately starts the locking device 15, 12 to block the movement of the winding of the cable drum 3 and to block the movement of the fall of the door leaf.

When the torsion spring 1 is broken, the cone 6 is released, it moves jerkily inside the angular range specified by the elongated hole around the axis of rotation Ak. As a result of this, the second bolt 8 leaves its gripping position with the first end 10 of the elongated hole 9 and moves in the hole 9, moving away from this end 10. This movement is supported by the abutment of the lever element 15 through the supporting surface 24 acting as a beveled plane for the bolt 8 and due to the prestressing of the spring element 17, until the supporting surface 24 comes out of contact with the bolt 8. After that, the lever element 15 moves under the action of the spring element 17 in its catching position. In this case, the second lever arm 19 rotates completely from the zone of the elongated hole 9 and at the same time leaves the zone of operation of the trigger mechanism having a bolt 8 for triggering the lock, so that even a reverse bounce of the trigger mechanism cannot interfere with the induced movement of the lever element 15. During this further the movement of the lever element 15 from the working position to the catching position, the bevel 21 gets on the free end 20 of the first lever arm 18 in contact with one of the sides of the tooth of the ratchet dog 14, made first as an additional bevel. Due to the lateral side of the ratchet tooth 14 being suitable for the bevel 21, it pulls the first lever arm 18 radially outward, so that the lever element 15 is gripped by the beveled surfaces of the side of the ratchet tooth 14 with the bevel 21 (corresponding bevels in a curved or curved shape are also possible) and the spring element 17 moves finally to its catch position. In this position, the free end 20 of the first lever arm 18 is supported through the bevel edge 21 on the side of the tooth on the gripping device 12, i.e. on the inwardly directed wall 11 of the cable drum 3 and blocks it, and the full load then arriving at the torque moment is transmitted directly from the cable drum 3 and its gearing through the first lever arm 18 loaded on compression and the third bolt 16 to the holder 5. Thus, the force transmission path in a capture situation is very short. In particular, the force to be diverted does not go through the torsion shaft 2. Also, a short transmission of force leads to a quick response without delay. In addition, fewer parts are loaded, so that the device according to the invention works more reliably than previously known systems.

Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the individual elements interact with each other to provide a particularly short path of force transmission, however with a relatively large lever arm, and high operational reliability without the bounce movement of a broken torsion spring preventing a running blocking action.

To create a device for controlling the weight of the door leaf of the torsion spring 1 to balance, a device is proposed in which the catching section 18 of the catching link 15 moving radially outward when the spring 1 breaks, enters the locking wall 11 which is made on the radially inward direction of the door 11 which rotates when the door is opened and closed the web of the blocking element 3, the gripping device 12. Preferably, a cable drum 3 is used as the blocking element, with this position the gripping device 12 is in an accessible area radially outside the inner wall 11.

Claims (9)

1. A device for monitoring a spring operating with prestressing spring for gates, doors or the like, in particular a torsion spring 1, provided as a balancing spring for a single-link or multi-link door leaf moving overhead or for a leaf of a louvered door to prevent slamming or falling a door or door leaf, or the like, comprising rotating around an axis of rotation during a movement of opening and closing a door leaf or the like. together with a torque transmission element loaded by an unbroken spring, in particular a cable or chain traction shaft or a similar torsion shaft 2, a locking element 3, which is used to block this rotation movement and, as a result, the movement of the door leaf and the like. made with the possibility of locking and locking, preferably with a geometric closure by means of a gearing catch 15 containing gear engaging gear, which is moved from the operating position in which it is released by the gripping device 12 to the catching position in which it is gripped by the gripping device 12 for locking the door leaf, as well as a sensitive and starting device 6-10 for sensing the voltage of the spring and causing the movement of the catching link 15 of p The operating position is in the catching position as a reaction to a spring break registered by the sensing element, characterized in that the blocking element 3 has a wall 11 directed radially inward relative to the axis, on which the gripping device 12 is made, and the catching link 15 has or is arranged to be placed radially inside the inwardly directed wall 11, which is moved in the course of movement to the catching position radially outward to the capture position by the gripping device 12 yuschy segment 20, 26, wherein the locking member is formed as a portion of the drum 3 for the traction means 4 connected at one end with web portal or the like 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the traction means is associated with a door leaf or the like. in its lower in the closing position zone. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catching segment 20, 26 is made on a pre-elastically tensioned radially outward, in particular, under the action of a spring ratchet dog for engaging protruding on the radially inwardly directed wall 11 to form a gripping device 12 ratchet teeth 14. 4. The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the catching link 15 is provided with a supporting surface 24, which, in the working position, serves as a support for the sensitive and starting device 6-10, which is moved when the spring breaks, from the trapping element 15 of the holding element 8 and is inclined relative to the direction of movement of the holding element 8 in such a way that when it is released as a result of a break in the spring of the catching link 15 it is pushed into the catching position from the motion path of the catching link 15. 5. The device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the catching link 15 is made in the form of a lever axis Ah which is rotated around a lever axis Ah parallel to the axis of rotation A and is preliminarily spring loaded in the catching position of the lever element 15 with the first one having a catching segment 20, 26 and forming, in particular, a ratchet dog lever arm 18. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever element 15 has a second lever arm 19, which serves to interact with the trigger mechanism of the sensitive and trigger devices 6-10 and, in particular, has a supporting surface 24. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the second lever arm 19 is made in such a way that when the lever element 15 moves to the catch position, it is completely removed from the range of the trigger mechanism, in particular from the trajectory of movement 9 of the holding element 8. 8. The device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the lever element 15 is supported in such a way that the first lever arm 18 in the catching position can be loaded in compression by the movement of the door leaf to be blocked or the like. 9. The device according to one of claims 3, 5-8, characterized in that the catching segment 20, 26 on the first lever arm 18 made in the form of a ratchet dog has an ratchet nose 26 that acts as a ratchet spout, or a free end 20 covering such a ratchet spout one of the ratchet teeth 13, and the free end 20 is provided with a bevel 21, which when the lever element 15 is rotated after breaking the spring, slides along the additional bevel 14 on the ratchet tooth 13, as a result of which the lever element 15 can move to the final catching position de, than the worthy torque is transmitted. The priority on all points of the formula is 07/27/1998.

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