RU2221279C1 - Way to control state of guarded object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing of state of protected mobile and immobile objects. SUBSTANCE: in correspondence with invention there are formed, encoded and emitted alarm signals of unauthorized opening of guarded object, owner's signals of submission for protection and removal from protection of guarded object, signals testing serviceability of radio channel and threat signal in case of emergency or in case of threat to life of owner. Central monitoring station forms, encodes and emits signals acknowledging facts of submission for protection and removal from protection and interrogating signal if no signal testing serviceability of radio channel is available. Frequency-time matrixes carrying information on individual features of guarded object formed on basis of individual keys are utilized for encoding. This approach ensures uninterrupted reception of data on position and state of guarded object. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of control over state of guarded object. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to methods and systems for determining location by comparing in one coordinate system several found bearings, in particular to methods for monitoring the status of protected objects, both stationary and mobile.

 The claimed method extends the arsenal of technical means for this purpose.

 Known methods for monitoring the status of protected objects.

 So, a well-known method for monitoring the location of vehicles (according to Aut. St. USSR 1837343, IPC 5 G 08 C 17/001, published on 08.30.93, Bull. 32) consists in measuring each controlled vehicle its location, the formation of a radio signal containing information about the location and its radiation with a time delay corresponding to the address of the vehicle, the reception of the delayed radio signal by the control center, an estimate of the delay time, based on the results of which a vehicle location signal is generated.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low level of information about the state of the controlled object, limited only by information about the location of the object.

 There is also a method of centralized signaling about the state of a controlled object (according to US Pat. RF 2017223, IPC 5 G 08 B 25/10, publ. 07/30/94, Bull. 4), which consists in generating a coded alarm signal on the object and transmitting it to repeater, receiving it and transmitting it to the central station, decoding and determining the address of the controlled object. After that, the exchange of encoded signals between the central station and the repeater at the facility is repeated many times.

When the decoded address coincides with multiple exchanges at the central station, a signal is generated at the object's receiver, which enables the inclusion of a light alarm at the object. However, the considered method has the following disadvantages:
applicable only in cases of control of inhabited objects;
control system has low noise immunity.

 Closest to the claimed is a known method of protecting vehicles according to US Pat. RF 2032227, IPC 6 G 08 B 25/10, publ. 03/27/95, Bull. 9.

 In the prototype method, when an unauthorized access to a protected object (vehicle) or by the command of its owner is activated, a radio transmitter installed on the protected object is activated, an alarm signal is generated that includes information about the distinguishing features of the protected object, the signal is encoded and emitted, it is received on N direction finding stations where N≥2, and bearings are calculated. At the central monitoring station, the alarm signal is decoded and information about the distinguishing features of the protected object is extracted. Then these features are identified by comparing them with the distinctive features of the guarded object emitting an alarm signal that are predefined in the database of the central monitoring station. After identifying the object, the task force travels to detect the protected object.

 In comparison with the analogues considered above in the prototype method, due to the greater information content of the alarm signal, a certain increase in the efficiency of the search for the protected object is achieved.

The disadvantage of the prototype method is the relatively low reliability of monitoring the status of the protected object, due to:
lack of information about the coordinates of the location of the protected object at the time of the alarm;
lack of constant monitoring of the radio channel operability between the guarded object and the central monitoring station and its low noise immunity;
the lack of the ability to notify the owner of the object about the violation of the radio channel.

 The aim of the invention is the development of a method for monitoring the status of a protected object, providing higher reliability of control.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of monitoring the state of the protected object, for example, a vehicle, which consists in the fact that upon unauthorized access to the protected object or by the command of its owner, the radio transmitter installed on the protected object is activated to generate an alarm signal including information about signs of the protected object, encode and emit a coded alarm signal, receive it at N direction finding stations, where N≥2, bearings are calculated, the signal is decoded alarms from which information about the distinguishing features of the protected object is extracted, they are identified by comparison with the distinctive features of the protected objects previously entered into the database of the central monitoring station, after which the search for the protected object that emits an alarm starts, additionally after arming and disarming of an object by its owner at a guarded object, information signals are generated, encoded and emitted about the fact of arming and disarming the object of its property businessman. These signals are received at N direction finding stations, bearings are calculated, which, at the central monitoring station, calculate the location of the protected object at the moment of its arming and disarming by the owner. Then these signals are decoded, after which they form and emit signals confirming the registration of the fact of arming and disarming the object by its owner. Confirmation signals are received at the guarded object and then they form, encode and emit at specified time intervals T ₀ = 2-30 min the radio channel operability control signals, which are received at N direction finding stations and calculate bearings, from the values of which the location of the guarded object is calculated at the central monitoring station and simultaneously received signals decode. In the absence of reception of signals from the guarded object of monitoring the operability of the radio channel in a time interval exceeding T _max = (3-5) T ₀ , a control signal is generated, encoded and emitted at the central monitoring station to turn on and display (light / or sound) at the guarded object alarm request.

 Moreover, the encoded information signals about the fact of arming and disarming the object by its owner and the encoded signals of the radio channel operability monitoring also include information about the distinguishing features of the protected object. An alarm signal, arming and disarming an object by its owner, monitoring the operability of the radio channel, confirming the registration of the fact of arming and opening the object by its owner, the control signal to turn on and display the alarm-request signal at the protected object is encoded using pre-formed frequency time matrices in which time intervals and corresponding frequency ratings are determined by an individual key assigned to the protected object.

 Thanks to this new set of essential features, by ensuring continuous monitoring of the radio channel’s operability, continuous receipt of data on the location and condition of the protected object and higher noise immunity of the radio communication channel, an increase in the reliability of monitoring the state of the protected object is achieved.

 The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that analogues, characterized by a combination of features that are identical to all the essential features of the claimed technical solution, are absent in known sources of information, which indicates the compliance of the claimed method with the condition of patentability "novelty".

 Search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the features that distinguish the claimed method from the prototype showed that the distinctive essential features of the claimed technical solution do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the popularity of the influence provided by the essential features of the claimed method of transformation on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings, which show:
in FIG. 1 - the general structure of the system for monitoring the status of the protected facility;
figure 2 - the composition of the set of equipment of the protected facility;
in FIG. 3 - the algorithm of the microprocessor that implements the functions of the control controller;
in FIG. 4 - structure of time-frequency matrices for various signals generated at the protected object;
figure 5 is a variant of the generated time-frequency matrix.

 The essence of the claimed method can be considered on the example of a system for monitoring the status of protected objects, shown in figure 1.

In general, the system includes a set of M protected objects, each of which is equipped with a set of on-board equipment 1 ₁ -1 _M , a group of N direction finding stations 2 ₁ -2 _N , a central monitoring station 3 and a network of K radio transmitters 4 ₁ -4 _K , managed by a central monitoring station 3 - CSK.

Each protected object (OKHOB) is equipped with a set of equipment 1, shown in figure 2. A possible variant of the OKHOB equipment includes a control controller (CC) 1.1, equipped with input and output ports P 1-P 7, a group of L alarm sensors (DOS) 1.2 ₁ -1.2 _L , the outputs of which are combined and connected to the input port P 1 of CC 1.1 , radio 1.3 and radio transmitter 1.4, the output and input of which are respectively connected to ports P 2 and P 3 of CC 1.1, and their input and output through antenna switch 1.5 are connected to antenna 1.6. In addition, the OKHB equipment set includes a “Threat” button 1.7, an “Alarm” 1.8 signal sensor and an “Alarm-Request” 1.9 signal indicator, activated by the command of CSK 3. The outputs of the “Threat” 1.7 button and an “Alarm” 1.8 signal sensor are connected to input port P 4, and the input of the Alarm-Request signal indicator is connected to output port P 6 of CC 1.1.

 In addition, CC 1.1 is equipped with an input port “key input” (or input of time-frequency matrices - PCM) P 6 and an input port P 7 for inputting arming, disarming and disabling RPRD 1.4 signals from an external control panel 1.10, which can transmit signals as by wire or by radio.

 The control controller 1.1 can be implemented as a microprocessor, the algorithm of which is presented in figure 3.

In the system of monitoring the state of the accident prevention system the formation of the following signals is provided:
on OKHOB form:
“Alarm” signal during unauthorized opening of a warning
“Threat” signal when the owner presses the “Threat” button or triggers the alarm signal sensor;
informational signals about the facts of arming and disarming of the facility by the owner of the security department;
signals for monitoring the health of the radio channel (SCRK) between OKHOB and CSK;
at CSK form:
signals confirming the fact of arming and disarming by the owner of the OCHA;
a control signal to turn on the OKHOB signal "Alarm-Request" in the absence of reception from OKHOB SKRK for a time exceeding a specified time interval T _max .

 When a control system accepts an object for service, it is assigned a set of keys (according to the number of generated signals), for example, in the form of a sequence of numbers (see Table 1 in Fig. 4). Then, in accordance with each of the keys and, thus, in accordance with each type of signal, a time-frequency matrix is formed - a FDM (Fig. 5).

Each HMF is a set of radio frequency pulses - RFI (in figure 5 of such pulses 12) f _{1 -} f ₁₂ . The frequency ratings f ₁ -f _{12 are} randomly distributed within the allowed frequency range ΔF _p . Each RFI is of duration τ _and is located with a random time shift Δt _sdv relative to the beginning of the time interval Δt _int .

The formation of the FWM can be performed in any known manner, in particular, using a random number sensor. At the same time, for each time interval Δt _int codes should be specified that determine the time shift of the RFI and the nominal frequency. In the general case, the number of time intervals with a duration of Δt _int and the number of corresponding RF frequencies can be arbitrary and is selected for reasons of rational use of the allocated frequency range and the number of objects being serviced by the monitoring system.

 Thus, in the method under consideration, a key is assigned to each of the five types of signals generated on the OCHA (for example, the Alarm signal — key 22001113, see FIG. 4) and the corresponding FDM is generated (FIG. 4).

 Similarly, they create and encode PCMs corresponding to signals confirming the fact of arming and disarming the security alarm and the Alarm-Request signal. All PCMs are preliminarily introduced (through port P 6, FIG. 2) into the memory of the control controller 1.1 on the OKHB and into the memory of the CSK. Moreover, any FWM of a specific OHCH corresponds to the distinctive features of this OHCH entered into the CSK database. For a vehicle, such signs may be brand, color, state number, full name owner, owner address, etc.

 Thus, irrespective of the type of signal received at the CSK from the OCHA, the identification of the OCHA consists in searching in the base of the computer identical to the received one.

 Moreover, the identified FWM unambiguously indicates the type of the received signal and the distinguishing features of the OKHB that supplies this signal.

 After the preliminary input of the initial data to the control controller 1.1 OKHOB and to the database of CSK 3, the system is ready for operation.

The owner of the OKHOB using an external control panel 1.10 generates a signal for the adoption of the facility under protection, which through port P 7 enters the Criminal Code 1.1. In CC 1.1, the arming signal is encoded by reading the corresponding computer code combination of the computer previously entered into CC 1.1 through port P 6, after which a command is issued to enable RPRD 1.4. The code combination of the PCM and the command to turn it on through port P 3 are received at the input of the RPRD 1.4, after which they emit a signal for arming the object (see Fig. 3). The emitted signal is received by a network of direction-finding stations 2 ₁ -2 _N , where bearings are calculated, the values of which, together with the received signal, are transmitted to DSC 3. From direction-finding stations, signals and bearing data to DSC 3 can be transmitted via wire, radio relay, etc. communication channels. At CSK 3, the signal is decoded by comparing the received FWM with previously entered into the FWM database, and using the FWM found in the FWM database, they identify the CDW and calculate its location. Thus obtained coordinates of the location of the OCHA at the time of its arming are memorized. After that, they form, encode and emit on command from the CSK 3 using one of the radio transmitters included in the general network of radio transmitters 4 ₁ -4 _to the monitoring system, a confirmation signal of the fact of setting the object under protection. The confirmation signal received by RPRM 1.3 on OKHOB through port P 2 is transmitted to UK 1.1, where it is decoded and identified by comparison with the FMs previously stored in UK 1.1. Then they generate, encode and radiate with an interval of T ₀ signals for monitoring the radio capability of the radio channel (SCRK) between OKHOB and CSK 3. Periodically (with an interval of T ₀ ), the emitted SKRK from OKHOB are received at direction finding stations, bearings are calculated, they are transmitted to CSK 3, where the signals decode, identify and calculate the location of the OCHA. Thus, at TsSK 3, they constantly monitor not only the operability of the radio channel, but also the constancy of the location of the OKHB. This excludes the possibility of unauthorized movement of the CWS, for example, by towing it or transporting it on another vehicle.

 Similar processes occur after the signal from the external control panel 1.10 is received by the owner to disarm the object. After receiving a confirmation from the CSK of 3 on the OKHOB the fact of disarming on the OKHO, as well as when it is under protection, the SCRK are generated, encoded and emitted. This ensures constant monitoring of both the location of the OCHA (within the control zone) and its condition.

The absence of SCRK at the CSK may be due to the following reasons:
the presence of OKHOB in the area of the radio shadow;
malfunction of on-board equipment;
the presence of OCHA outside the control zone.

If the time during which there is no reception of the CCK SCRK will exceed the maximum permissible value T _max , then the control signal is generated, encoded and emitted on the CSK 3 to generate and emit the Alarm-Request signal from the OKHB and its simultaneous indication on the OKHB. This signal is received at OKHB and from the output of RPRM 1.3 through port P 2 it is fed to CC 1.1, where the signal is decoded, and a command is issued to turn on the indication. The command through port P 5 is fed to the input of the signal indicator "Alarm-Request" (figure 2, 3). Since the radio transmitters 4 ₁ -4 _k included in the CSK 3 network have a greater equivalent radiated power than the OKHOB radio transmitter 1.4, it is very likely that the control signal from the CSK 3 will be received at the OKHB located in the radio shadow zone or outside the controlled zone. The signal received at the OKHO will in this case play a warning role for the owner of the OKHO about the lack of radio access from OKHO to CSK.

 If, due to a malfunction of the on-board equipment, the control signal to the OKHOB is not received and, as a result, the SCRK from the OKHB is not received at the CSK, then a decision is made to search for the OKHOB by its last recorded location coordinates.

 In case of unauthorized opening of a security alarm system that is under protection, the signal “Alarm” is generated, encoded and emitted by the DOS 1.2, received by direction finding stations 2 and received direction signals are calculated by CSK 3, and the location of the hazard warning device is decoded, the signal “ Anxiety ”, identifies it and the distinctive features of OHCH, after which they take measures to search for OHCH.

 When the “Threat” button is pressed by the owner of the OKHOB (for example, when trying to forcibly seize the OKHB or the life of its owner is threatened) or the alarm sensor is triggered (for example, when the OKHB accident), the OKHB generates, encodes and emits a “Threat” signal, according to which similarly determine the location of the CWS and take measures to find it.

 The operation to determine the bearing (azimuth) of the OKHO with respect to each direction finding station is known and can be implemented, for example, using goniometric radio direction finding systems described in the books: M. Yarlykov Statistical theory of radio navigation. - M .: Radio and communications, 1985, p. 246-272; Kukes I.S., Old Man M.E. Basics of direction finding. - M .: Owls. radio, 1964, c. 15-35.

 The operation of determining the source of radio emission from measured bearings by a network of direction finding stations is also known. In accordance with the recommendations of the CCIR, positioning can be carried out by the method of triangulation or by any other method of coordinate measurement described, for example, in the book: Kukes I.S., Starik M.E. Basics of direction finding. - M .: Owls. radio, 1964, p. 571-608.

An experimental verification of the claimed method was carried out under the following conditions:
frequency range allowed for use
ΔF _p = 165.2375 - 165.5375 MHz, within which it was possible to select the frequency of the radio pulse in increments of 1 kHz;
the duration of the radio pulse τ _and = 267 ms;
the time interval Δt _int = 3 s, within which it was possible to discrete change the time shift Δt _sdv with a step of 12 ms.

Time intervals T ₀ = 20 min; T _max = 60 minutes

The position Δt _sdv and the frequency of the radio pulse for each time interval Δt _int were set by a code sequence of 8 bits, i.e. total sequence of 16 bits. Thus, the entire sequence for each HMF (each type of signal), including 12 time intervals, was 192 bits.

 Within the control zone, the area of which depends on the number of direction finding stations and network radio transmitters used, stable monitoring of the condition of the security alarm system, which was both parked under guard and in motion when the guard function was removed, was provided. At the same time, constant monitoring of the location of the OKHB and accurate identification of the reasons for the signal from the OKHB were achieved. The aforementioned provides a basis for concluding that the formulated technical result has been achieved - increasing the reliability of control, ensuring the possibility of timely adoption of measures for the detection of chemical weapons and providing assistance, if necessary, to its owner.

Claims (3)

1. A method for monitoring the state of a guarded object, for example, a vehicle, which means that when an unauthorized access to a guarded object or at the command of its owner is activated, a radio transmitter installed on the guarded object is activated, an alarm signal is generated that includes information about the distinguishing features of the guarded object, encode and emit a coded alarm signal, receive it at N direction finding stations, where N≥2, calculate bearings, decode the alarm signal from which information about the difference specific features of the protected object, they are identified by comparison with the distinguishing features of the protected objects previously entered into the database of the central monitoring station, after which they begin the search for the protected object that emits an alarm, characterized in that, after arming and disarming the object, its owner additionally at the guarded object, information signals are generated about the fact of arming and disarming the object by its owner, encode and emit them, receive them on N stations, calculate bearings, by whose values at the central monitoring station the location of the protected object is calculated at the moment of its arming and disarming by the owner, decode information signals, generate, encode and emit signals confirming registration of the fact of arming and disarming the object by its owner, which are received at the guarded object, after which they are generated, encoded and emitted at the guarded object at specified time intervals Т _о the health of the radio channel, which are received at N direction-finding stations, calculate bearings, by the values of which the location of the protected object is calculated at the central monitoring station and the radio channel operability control signals are decoded, and if they are not received in a time interval exceeding T _max , they are formed at the central monitoring station, encode and emit a control signal for switching on and displaying an alarm-request signal on the protected object, and into fact encoded information signals about SETTING armed and disarmed by the owner of the object and the coded control signals are also performance radio channel includes information about the distinctive signs of the protected object. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the time intervals T _o and T _max , are selected in the range of T _o = 2-30 min and T _max = (3-5) T _o . 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the signals generated at the guarded object and at the central monitoring station are encoded by using a time-frequency matrix, which is preliminarily generated by randomly specified time intervals and corresponding frequency ratings determined by an individual key assigned protected object.

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