RU2221235C2 - Universal shaker test bed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: installations reconstructing set of actions in single test cycle. SUBSTANCE: universal shaker test bed includes centrifuge ensuring formation of inertial loads and comprising base ( stator ), rotor with fixture to position articles, test and control facilities, devices simulating electric signals, impact, hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical actions integrated in single complex including unit generating electric signals, impact mechanism and pneumatic system made up of mobile elements and immobile equipment. Mobile elements form pressure of external medium with the aid of system of adjustment, measurement and control which act on pressure transducers of articles and ensure mechanical action by means of power cylinder. In presence of system of high-pressure medium and control immobile equipment realizes automatic action. Unit generating electric signals and mobile elements of pneumatic system are placed on rotor which has reversible drive and/or stator and interacts with it. EFFECT: potential for realization of wide range of test programs with reconstruction of set of actions in single cycle, expanded assortment of tested articles, increased operational reliability of bed. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to testing equipment, namely to rotary installations with equipment for reproducing a set of effects in one test cycle.

 Known rotational bench for testing instrumentation for the effects of centrifugal overloads, see L. Samsonov Rotational test methods for instrumentation devices. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1981, p. 6 and 7.

 The testing programs of this stand are limited.

 A known rotary machine with a device for installing the test product, with a rotor and an electric drive, see USSR author's certificate 504127 according to class. G 01 M 7/00, publ. 1976.

 This rotary machine is used for vibration and shock tests.

 Known test installations containing a centrifuge, a drive. devices for reproducing influences, see Beglaryan V.X. Mechanical tests of devices and apparatuses. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1980, p. 177-182.

 These facilities are used in mechanical stress tests.

 Known rotational bench for testing products, containing a rotating platform with the tested product, see USSR copyright certificate 1775635 according to class. G 01 M 19/00, publ. 1992.

 This stand is used to test products for linear accelerations.

 Known rotational test bench, including a centrifuge, providing the creation of inertial loads and containing a base (stator), a rotor with a device for placing products, control and monitoring devices, see V.V. Klyuyev Testing technique. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1982, Prince. 1, 427 s.

 This technical solution is taken as a prototype of the present invention.

 However, it has several disadvantages.

 At the prototype stand, testing programs are limited by inertial action, the constructive implementation does not provide for complex impacts, the prototype effects depend on environmental factors and are episodic in nature, the prototype stand does not have equipment for conducting a set of actions in one test cycle.

 The present invention is based on the solution of the problem of expanding test programs with the possibility of reproducing a set of influences in one cycle, increasing the range of test products and improving the reliability of operation of the bench.

 According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that the universal rotational test bench, including a centrifuge that provides inertial loads and contains a base (stator), a rotor with a device for placing products, control and monitoring devices, contains devices for simulating electrical signals, shock, hydraulic , pneumatic and mechanical effects, combined into a single complex, including a device for generating electrical signals, shock mechanism and power systems Consisting of a movable member and the fixed equipment. Moving elements with the help of a control system, measure and control form the pressure of the external environment, acting on the pressure sensors of the products, and with the help of a power cylinder provide mechanical impact. Stationary equipment in the presence of high pressure systems of the medium and control implements automatic action. Moreover, the described example of one of the possible specific implementations of the device is based on the use of an air environment with the corresponding use of high-pressure pneumatics. This does not exclude the possibility of using other media to implement a similar impact on its functional principle. The device for generating electrical signals and moving elements of the power system are placed on the rotor and / or stator and interact with it, the drive of which is reversible. The shock mechanism and stationary equipment of the pneumatic system are placed on the base. At the same time, the percussion mechanism can have both stationary and separate modular execution and can be delivered both as an element of the product as a whole and separately, having modular execution, since the function it performs can be used both within the framework of independent testing and in the framework of combinatorial effects of other elements test bench for a given test program. Movable elements and stationary equipment are interconnected by a docking unit, which has an arbitrary form of execution, due only to the design features of a particular embodiment of the power elements of the stand, the entire stand as a whole and the communication tools of the automatic control systems and settings of the stand.

 The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions identical to the present invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

 Due to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention (together with the features indicated in the restrictive part of the formula), important new properties of the object are achieved.

 In the proposed technical solution, the extension of the test programs is carried out by reproducing in one cycle simulations of electrical, shock, hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical effects, while the devices for reproducing the effects are combined into a single complex. The expansion of the range of test products is due to the possibility of exposure in a certain sequence, selectively or in any combination depending on the type of product in the presence of a device for generating electrical impulses, an impact device and a pneumatic system.

 Improving the reliability of the operation of the stand is due to the coordinated and reliable interaction of the movable elements and the stationary equipment of the pneumatic system, by performing the rotor and / or stator drive reversible, allowing the positioning of the rotor relative to the base (stator), due to the fixed fixing of the shock mechanism, supplied and performed in conjunction with stand or separately on a modular basis, on the basis of, as well as by placing the device for generating electrical signals on p torus.

 The applicant is not aware of any publications that would contain information on the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result. In this regard, according to the applicant, it can be concluded that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:
figure 1 is a structural diagram of a centrifuge;
figure 2 - layout of the structural elements of the centrifuge;
figure 3 - layout of the pneumatic system when testing products with inertial and hydraulic effects;
figure 4 - layout of the pneumatic system when testing products with hydraulic and mechanical stresses.

The universal rotary test bench contains:
centrifuge 1;
rotor 2;
base (stator) 3;
consoles (rotor 2) 4;
shaft (rotor 2) 5;
electric pulse generating device (on rotor 2) 6;
rotary table (at one end of the console 4) 7;
device for the tested product (on table 7) 8;
counterweight (at one end of the console 4) 9;
case (for the base 3) 10;
supports (for housing 10) 11;
transformer 12;
reverse drive (rotor 2) 13;
movable elements of the pneumatic system 14;
stationary equipment of the pneumatic system 15;
electric motor (drive 13) 16;
percussion mechanism 17;
high pressure air system (for pneumatic system 15) 18;
control system (for pneumatic system 15) 19;
pneumatic cylinder (for pneumatic system 14) 20;
check (of the tested product) 21;
a system of regulation, measurement and control (for pneumatic system 14) 22;
pressure sensor (in system 22) 23;
pressure distributor (in system 22) 24;
pressure distributor for the pneumatic cylinder 20 (in system 22) 25;
pressure distributor on the inlet cavity of the product hydrostat (in system 22) 26;
throttle operation control checks 21 (in system 22) 27;
position sensor 21 (in system 22) 28;
docking unit (for pneumatic systems 14 and 15) 29;
device for fixing the wing of a centrifuge 1 30.

 The rotary stand contains a centrifuge 1 with a rotor 2 and a base (stator) 3. The rotor 2 rotating in a horizontal plane has symmetrical consoles 4, between which the upper end of the vertical shaft 5 is fixed, which is hollow and has a variable cross section. A device for generating electrical signals 6 is installed on the rotor 2, and at the end of one of the consoles 4 there is a rotary table 7 for installing the device 8 with the test product. At the end of another console 4, a counterweight 9 is attached (see FIGS. 2, 3).

 The base (stator) 3 consists of a housing 10, the shape of which is not functionally significant, fixed in three supports 11. At the bottom of the housing 10, a rotary power transformer 12 is installed, which serves to contactlessly supply power to the centrifuge devices and equipment 1. To one of the supports 11 are attached to the motor 16 of the actuator 13 (see figure 2).

 The drive 13 of the rotor 2 is made reversible, which ensures the implementation of the positioning modes of the rotor 2 to perform simulations of hydraulic, mechanical and shock effects on the test product. Simulation of hydraulic and mechanical influences is carried out by a pneumatic system. The pneumatic system contains movable elements 14 and stationary equipment 15. The fixed equipment of the pneumatic system 15 consists of a high-pressure air system 18, for example high-pressure cylinders, cylinder refueling devices, and a control system 19, for example, devices that record the response of a product, control devices (manometers) and equipment management bodies 18. Fixed equipment 15 is located on the basis of 3.

 Impact effects are simulated by the impact mechanism 17. The impact mechanism 17 is also located on the base 3 as part of a demonstration of its possible stationary performance within the entire stand (see figures 1, 2).

 The movable elements of the power system 14 contain a pneumatic cylinder 20 as one of the possible options for providing controlled force and a control system, measurement and control 22. The rod of the pneumatic cylinder 20 is connected to the pin 21 (is an optional element) of the test product. System 22 includes a pressure sensor 23 monitoring the state of a compressed air source; a distributor 24, blocking the access of compressed air to the sensor 23; a dispenser 25 controlling the operation of the pneumatic cylinder 20; a dispenser 26 controlling the operation of the product; throttle 27 and position sensors 28, registering the movement of the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 20.

 The movable elements of the pneumatic system 14 are placed on the rotor 2 and / or the stator interact with it.

 The electrical signals are simulated by the electric signal generating device 6. The device 6 is also located on the rotor 2 (see Figs. 1, 4).

 The movable elements 14 and the stationary equipment 15 of the pneumatic system are interconnected by a docking unit 29. To orient the centrifuge wing 1, the stand includes a locking device 30 (see figures 1, 3, 4).

 On a universal rotary stand, products are tested when reproducing inertial, electrical, hydraulic, mechanical and shock effects. In one test cycle, effects are generated in a specific sequence. For a number of products, there are time limits for the creation of one effect relative to the previous one. For other products, electrical effects are carried out during the action of hydraulic or inertial loads.

 The product to be tested is mounted in the interchangeable device 8 and mounted on a rotary table 7 located on one of the consoles 4 of the rotor 2. The rotary table 7 provides a change in the orientation of the tested product if it is necessary to create inertial loads in the same test cycle in mutually opposite directions. The drive 13 provides a simulation of the required inertial effects (overload) on the product. When reproducing inertial influences, the main modes of operation of the drive 13 are acceleration and braking of the rotor 2 with a short-term and guaranteed achievement of the speed of the required overload. In addition, the actuator 13 provides positioning (supply) of the rotor 2 to a certain position relative to the stator 3. Positioning is necessary to perform simulations of hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical and shock effects on the test product. For the implementation of the positioning modes of the rotor 2 and for self-orientation (turn) of the product, the drive 13 of the rotor 2 is made reversible.

 To provide simulations of electrical, hydraulic, mechanical and shock effects on the centrifuge 1 install additional equipment.

 The simulation of hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical effects is carried out using a pneumatic system 14 and 15. Moreover, the described pneumatic principle of the power system does not limit the possible use of other media that cause and / or transmit power effects.

 As one of the possible modes of operation of the described device, air is pumped with a compressor into the receiver of the high-pressure air system 18 to a pressure of 800 kPa. The automatic operation of the compressor is provided by the pressure regulator of system 19, which stops the engine when the maximum pressure is reached and starts the compressor when the pressure reaches the minimum level (approximately 200 kPa less than the maximum). The volume of the receiver is 25 liters. This allows for at least 20 test cycles without additional air pumping. The pressure in the receiver is visually monitored by pressure gauges, and the signal from the pressure sensor 23 allows you to control the state of the compressed air source and its readiness to conduct a test cycle in automatic mode.

 When testing products with the reproduction of inertial and hydraulic influences, the device 8 is mounted on one end of the console 4, while a counterweight 9 is placed on the other end 4 (see Fig. 3).

 When testing products with the reproduction of hydraulic and mechanical influences, the device 8 is installed in the central part of the console 4, since the product is not subjected to inertial influences. To carry out these tests, the test bench contains a pneumatic system 14 and 15, which contains two successive working circuits, one of which allows the formation of pneumatic pressure in the range of 50-200 kPa, acting on the membranes of the hydrostats of the products, and the other provides movement of the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 20 and requires a pressure of 310- 380 kPa to create mechanical stress. The distributor 26 controls the operation of the first circuit and provides a pressure supply of 60 kPa to the supramembrane cavity of the hydrostat and subsequent soaking of the pressure for 20 s. When applying a pressure of 310-380 kPa to the pneumatic cylinder 20, the distributor 26 closes the pneumatic circuit of the hydrostat. The distributor 25 controls the operation of the second circuit and provides a pressure supply of 310-380 kPa to the pneumatic cylinder 20 when it is necessary to pull out the pin 21 and close the circuit when the hydrostat is exposed to the product. The throttle 27 allows you to adjust the pulling time of the checks 21, and the position sensors 28 control the movement of the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 29, and therefore the distance that the check 21 extends. The valves 24, 25, 26, the pressure sensor 23, the throttle 27 and the position sensors 28 are combined into a system of regulation, measurement and control 22 of the movable elements of the power pneumatic system 14 (see figures 1, 4).

 The described modes do not limit the ability to use or perform the device in the widest range of specific values, allowing to collectively implement a simulation of various real external influences on the test object.

When testing products with the reproduction of impacts, a special impact mechanism 17 is used. The product is mounted on the fixture 8 and the impact simulation is performed by the mechanism 17, while impact effects are not transmitted to other elements of the centrifuge 1 and its equipment in order to avoid their deformation and destruction. The positioning of the product before the impact is carried out using a rotary table 7 of the rotor 2. The impact mechanism 17 is mounted on a support 11 of the base 3 and is fixed at an angle of 45 ^o to the horizon (see figure 1, 2). However, several possible designs are possible.

 When testing products with simulated electrical signals, use the device for generating electrical signals 6 mounted on the rotor 2 and interacting with the connectors made on the fixture 8. Device 6 generates electrical pulses with externally specified voltage, current and duration parameters for various active loads (see figure 1).

 When testing products, when one of the effects is inertial overload, reproduced by centrifugal forces, before joining (node 29) of the pneumatic system 14 and 15, the wing of the centrifuge 1 is oriented and fixed motionless using the fixing device 30 (see figure 4).

 The proposed rotational test bench used structural units, elements, instruments and equipment that are widely used in testing equipment, which determines, according to the applicant, its compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Using the claimed technical solution allows you to:
- expand test programs by combining devices for implementing various kinds of simulations in a single complex;
- increase the range of test products due to devices that allow any effects to be carried out separately or in combination, depending on the type of product;
- improve the process of operation of the drive-rotor circuit by performing a reversible drive.

Claims (1)

A universal rotational test bench, including a centrifuge, providing inertial loads and containing a base (stator), a rotor with a device for placing products, control and monitoring devices, characterized in that the bench contains devices for simulating electrical signals, shock, hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical influences combined in a single complex, including a device for generating electrical signals, a shock mechanism and a pneumatic system consisting of moving elements s and stationary equipment, moving elements with the help of a control system, measure and control form the environmental pressure acting on the product pressure sensors, and with the help of a power cylinder provide mechanical impact, stationary equipment in the presence of high pressure and control systems implements an automatic action, this device for generating electrical signals and movable elements of the pneumatic system are placed on the rotor, the drive of which is made reversible, and / or stator and interact with it.

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