RU2220114C2 - Biological method for treatment of waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention concerns treatment of waste waters originated from enterprises of oil production, oil engineering, and petroleum processing areas and can be used for aftertreatment of waste waters preliminarily subjected to mechanical and biological cleaning. Effluents are passed through rootage of higher aquatic plants planted into casings with, mounted therein, frameworks made of corrosion-resistant material with, coiled thereon, polymeric fibrous synthetic filling, on which roots of plants are fixed. This filling retains excessive activated sludge after tertiary settlers used as medium for creating microbiological association providing additional treatment of waste waters. Level of water in filters is maintained above level of frameworks. EFFECT: improved cleaning quality and decreased loss of effluent head because of excluded dirtying-inclined sand filling. 2 dwg, 1 tbl _

Description

 The invention relates to biological wastewater treatment of enterprises of the oil, oil and petrochemical and oil refining industries and can be used for post-treatment of wastewater that has undergone preliminary mechanical and biological treatment.

 There are various options for the treatment and purification of wastewater using higher aquatic vegetation.

 Known, for example, "Method for the biological treatment of water from salts" by and.with. 2094392, 6 C 02 F 3/32, publ. 10/27/97, bull. 30, according to which water is in contact with higher aquatic vegetation: common reed, lake reeds, narrow-leaved cattails mixed with iris grown on a previously prepared substrate. In this case, the cleaning process is carried out under a layer of polymer granular load with a density less than the density of water. Water is drained through porous tubular drains filled with activated carbon and located above the substrate.

 The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the process, due to the need for selection and preparation of the substrate and polymer loading. In addition, in the presence of oil products and suspended solids in the water, the discharge system is silted up, which leads to the need to stop the construction.

 Also known is a method of treating wastewater, contaminated surface and drainage water according to a. from. 2092455, 6 C 02 F 3/32, publ. 10/10/97, bull. 28, in which the wastewater is subjected to multi-stage pre-treatment by means of shrubbery and herbaceous vegetation, then it is used to dilute the wastewater, and the diluted mixture is subjected to additional purification by means of high-stem higher aquatic vegetation cultivated at the bottom of the channel of a trapezoidal cross-section with berm, and on the lower berm plants are planted that allow flooding of the root system and short-term flooding during the growing season, and on the upper shrubby vegetation is planted.

 The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its application on the territory of an industrial enterprise, since it requires the use of large areas of land in the sanitary protection zone. In addition, this method is characterized by seasonality. In the non-growing season, the cleaning process stops. The accumulated green mass must be cut off and disposed of, which is associated with a number of problems.

 The closest in technical essence is adopted as a prototype "Method of biological wastewater treatment and a device for its implementation" by and.with. 2107041, 6 C 02 F 3/32, publ. 03/20/97, bull. 8.

 According to the prototype, the wastewater after cleaning in aeration tanks flows into the slotted well of a container with manna, and then passes through the inert material through the cell wall. At the bottom of the tank is an inert coarse-grained material with a layer of 15-20 cm, and fine-grained above it. Through a slotted well, water rises to a triangular spillway, flows onto a tray and falls into a slotted well of a second tank with reeds. The process is repeated sequentially in containers with calamus, iris and cattail, followed by water entering the water well. Plants are planted on a layer of fine-grained material and, growing, form a spatial structure in it.

 At the end of the growing season, flower stalks with seeds are cut and laid out evenly on the surface, and the green mass is removed. The system is flushed with clean water and insulated from low temperatures. Cleaning seasonality can be avoided by placing a light greenhouse above the containers.

 This method provides a high degree of purification from finely divided oil products and dissolved mineral contaminants. However, when wastewater with a relatively high content of oil products and suspended solids is supplied to the facilities, the load rapidly silts, which leads to a significant increase in pressure losses, a disruption in the nature of the movement of water through the structure, and ultimately to a decrease in the quality of treatment.

The technical task of this invention is to remedy these disadvantages, namely:
- the use of existing facilities designed for wastewater treatment;
- improving the quality of wastewater treatment;
- reduction of pressure losses of effluents at the facility due to the exclusion of silty sand loading.

 The technical problem is solved by the fact that wastewater is cleaned by passing water through biological filters, which are enclosures with frames made of corrosion-resistant material with polymeric fiber synthetic nozzle “VII” wound on them, on which the roots of higher aquatic plants are fixed, In this case, the nozzle and root system are used as the basis for creating a community of activated sludge microorganisms, providing additional wastewater treatment, and the water level in the filters hold above the level of the frames.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of the biological treatment of wastewater from tertiary sedimentation tanks to discharge into a reservoir.

 Figure 2 presents the scheme of the biofilter in the post-treatment building.

 The building has a supply of heat and electricity, which allows for cleaning while standing at low temperatures.

 In the filter housings, frames made of corrosion-resistant material with a wound polymer fiber synthetic nozzle of the type “VII” are attached between the drainage trays, and the water level in the filter must be higher than the frame. Frames are rectangular frames on which a polymer fiber synthetic nozzle like "VII" is tightly wound. The roots of higher aquatic plants are planted on the nozzle, which germinate and create a spatial root system. Water is supplied from bottom to top through a distribution system consisting of a collector with lateral perforated pipes, distributed evenly over the filter area, passes through the root system of higher water plants and through a triangular spillway, which ensures uniformity of the spillway, falls into the drainage channels, from where it flows into the drainage channel. Excess activated sludge carried out from the tertiary sedimentation tanks is retained on the nozzle and in the root system, due to which a microbiological community develops during the course of life, actively oxidizing oil products and consuming dissolved organic pollutants.

A new set of features of the proposed technical solution allows
- use existing facilities designed for wastewater treatment;
- improve the quality of wastewater treatment;
- to reduce the pressure loss of effluents at the facility by eliminating silty sand loading.

 Wastewater treatment according to the proposed technical solution is as follows.

 The wastewater after the tertiary sedimentation tanks through the inlet collector 1 is supplied to the post-treatment building 2 and then goes to the filter distribution system 3, where it is evenly distributed over the perforated pipes 4 over the area of the filters. Then it passes through the root system of higher aquatic plants 5, planted on frames made of corrosion-resistant material 6 with a wound polymer fiber synthetic nozzle type "VII" 7 and, then, through a triangular spillway 8, is collected and discharged through the water intake trays 9 into the drainage tray 10 and the collector 11 is discharged into a reservoir or for disinfection.

 Thus, the proposed device is industrially applicable, has a novelty and inventive step.

Claims (1)

A method of biological wastewater treatment, including passing wastewater through the root system of higher aquatic plants, characterized in that the water is passed through biological filters, which are housings with frames made of corrosion-resistant material with a polymer fiber synthetic nozzle wound around them " VII ", on which the roots of higher water plants are fixed, while the nozzle and root system are used as the basis for creating a community of activated sludge microorganisms, about espechivayuschego additional wastewater treatment, and the water level in the filter is maintained higher than the carcases.

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