RU2220002C2 - Root crop and tuber shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for grinding vegetables. SUBSTANCE: proposed shredder has hollow housing with loading funnel, worm feeder located on taper shaft and knife made in form of cutting blades fitted on shaft tail-piece. Cavity of housing has form of steps having shape of truncated cones; direction of conicity of these cones coincides with direction of conicity of shaft. Secured on surface of steps are cutting members made in form of radially mounted knives and bushes embracing the worm feeder. Worm feeder pitch increases in direction of increase of diameter of shaft and knife blades are located at level of termination of radial knives of extreme step of housing. EFFECT: reduced losses of juice. 3 dwg

Description

The root crop chopper is used to chop potato, beet and other root tubers that feed cattle in agricultural production.

A device for grinding food products, mainly meat, containing a housing with a funnel, a feeding screw, a grill and a knife mounted on the shaft of the screw of the screw Between the knife and the screw there are ribs made integrally with a sleeve fixed in the housing [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the loss of the nutritious juice of the crushed product as a result of pressing raw materials into the holes of the lattice, which reduces the nutritional value of crushed root crops for cattle feed.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of nutrient juice.

The goal is achieved in that the proposed device comprising a hollow body with a loading funnel, a feeding screw installed in the cavity of the body, and a knife in the form of cutting blades, unlike the known one, has a screw shaft made conical, and the cavity of the body is formed in the form of steps having the shape of truncated cones in the same taper direction as the shaft.

The chopper is equipped with cutting bodies mounted on the surface of the steps and made in the form of a series of radially mounted knives, the blades of which are located on the covering contour of the screw, and knives in the form of bushings enclosing the screw, the ends of which directed towards the loading funnel form circumferential blades at the level of the radial blades knives.

Blades of a knife in the form of blades are located at the level of the end of the radial knives of the extreme step of the body. The screw pitch is made increasing in the direction of increasing diameter of the shaft.

The technical result of the invention is the sequential cutting from tubers (root crops) from their periphery to the center of the product bars and their transverse grinding at the exit of the device, which solves the problem.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a root crop chopper, a transverse broken section AA in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 - section bb in figure 1.

The root crop chopper includes a hollow body 1 with a loading funnel 2 for loading root crops, a feed screw 3 formed on the shaft 4, rotatably mounted in the body cavity, and a knife 5 in the form of cutting blades mounted on the shaft shaft to rotate together with the latter.

The shaft 4 is made conical, located by the end of a smaller diameter under the feed funnel 2, and the screw 3 along the female circuit is made cylindrical.

The cavity of the housing 1 is formed in the form of steps 6 having the shape of truncated cones. The direction of the taper of the stages 6 of the cavity coincides with the direction of the taper of the shaft 4. The diameter of the smaller base of the steps 6 of the cavity is nominally equal to the diameter of the screw 3.

On the surface of the steps 6, cutting bodies are fixed, made in the form of a series of radially mounted knives 7, the blades 8 of which are located (adjoin) on an imaginary covering contour of the screw 3, and knives 9 in the form of bushings covering with a guaranteed clearance a screw whose ends directed to the side loading funnels 2, form circular blades 10 at the level of the blades 8 of the radial knives 7. To fix the cutting organs in the housing 1, grooves are made in which knives 7 are mounted, fixed to the outer surface of the housing by their external windows aniyami.

Cutting organs are assembled in sections. Each section consists of radially mounted sheaths 7 and knives 9 fastened together in the form of bushings spanning the screw 3. To install the cutting bodies in the housing 1, the latter is made detachable along the diametrical plane.

The step of the screw 3 is made increasing in the direction of increasing the diameter of the shaft 4. The blade of the knife 5 is adjacent to the outer ends of the radial knives 7 of the extreme 6.

The chopper works as follows.

The root crops loaded into the funnel 2 are fed forward by the screw 3, moving along its axis, due to interaction with radial knives 7, and then the root vegetables interact with the knives 9 in the form of bushings. As a result of this interaction, as well as due to a decrease in the radial gap between the conical shaft 4 and the surfaces of the steps 6, sequential cutting occurs with tubers from their periphery to the center of the product bars, which are then cut with a knife 5 in the form of blades due to the adjoining of these blades to the outer ends of the radial knives 7 of the last step 6. Increasing the pitch of the screw 3 eliminates the radial squeezing of the whetstones as they move towards the knife 5.

Such sequential cutting with thin-walled knives 7, 9 of the cutting organs of steps 6 and a knife 5 in the form of blades significantly reduces the compression of the root material, which leads to a decrease in the loss of nutrient juice.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2028819, cl. B 02 C 18/30, 1995 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A root crop chopper containing a hollow body with a loading funnel, a feeding screw formed on a shaft mounted in the body cavity, and a knife in the form of cutting blades mounted on the shaft shank rotatably with the latter, characterized in that the shaft is made with a conical located end a smaller diameter under the loading funnel, and the screw along the female circuit is cylindrical, and the cavity of the housing is formed in the form of steps having the shape of truncated cones of the same taper direction, then the shaft, the diameter of the smaller bases of which is nominally equal to the diameter of the screw, the chopper is equipped with cutting bodies mounted on the surface of the steps, each made in the form of a series of radially mounted knives, the blades of which are located on the covering contour of the screw, and knives in the form of bushings covering the screw, the ends of which, directed towards the loading funnel, form circumferential blades at the level of the blades of the radial knives, and the pitch of the screw is made increasing in the direction of increasing diameter of the shaft, and the blade of the knife a blade disposed at the end of radial blades at the housing level.

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