RU221962U1 - Electrically heated tiles - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to wall or floor electrically heated tiles with an infrared (IR) electric heater in the form of a finishing material, used in residential and non-residential areas/premises: verandas, pool areas, terraces, exploited roofs, balconies, parking lots, paths, sidewalks, as heated floors in residential areas. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the device while ensuring efficient heating of the coating over the entire area of the heating element. The electrically heated tile contains a substrate made of sheet building material, on the back surface of which a glass plate made of tempered glass is fixed using an adhesive layer, and on the inner surface of the glass plate there is a low-emissivity conductive coating, on which metallized conductive bars with conductive leads are applied.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to wall or floor electrically heated tiles with an infrared (IR) electric heater in the form of a finishing material, used in residential and non-residential areas/premises: verandas, pool areas, terraces, exploited roofs, balconies, parking lots, paths, sidewalks, as heated floors in residential areas.

BACKGROUND OF THE ART

Electrically heated tiles are known, disclosed in WO 2009/146429 A1, publ. 03.12.2009. An electric heater for placement under a tile contains a substrate made of a finishing building material, onto the surface of which a resistive heater is fixed using a bonding layer.

The disadvantage of this electric heater is the use of a resistive coating, which fails due to overheating, therefore, problems arise with the reliability and performance of the electric heater.

In addition, electric heating tiles are known from the prior art, disclosed in RU 87596 U1, publ. 10/10/2009, prototype. The electric heater contains a substrate in the form of a finishing sheet material, on the back side of which a flat radiant resistive heating element is applied.

The disadvantage of this electric heater is the use of a resistive coating, which fails due to overheating, therefore, problems arise with the reliability and performance of the electric heater.

UTILITY MODEL DISCLOSURE

The objective of the claimed utility model is to create an electrically heated tile that has increased strength, electrical safety, injury safety, and at the same time has high thermal efficiency properties to ensure effective heating of the operated area, the elimination of snow formations and ice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the device while ensuring the efficiency of heating the tiles.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the electrically heated tile contains a substrate made of sheet building material, on the back surface of which a glass plate made of tempered glass is fixed using an adhesive layer, and on the inner surface of the glass plate there is a low-emission conductive coating on which metallized materials are applied. cop-conducting busbars with conductive terminals.

Electrically insulated zones are made on the low-emission coating. The substrate is made of ceramics, concrete, porcelain stoneware, natural stone, terracotta.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The utility model will be more understandable from the description, which is not restrictive and is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 - the claimed device with closed tracks in the form of a hexagon (back side).

Fig. 2 - the claimed device with closed tracks in the form of a circle (back side).

Fig. 3 - the claimed device with strip-shaped tracks (back side).

Fig. 4 - claimed device (side view).

Fig. 5 - claimed device (general view from the back).

Fig. 6 - claimed device (general view from the front side).

Fig. 7 - Fragment of the assembled floor from the claimed device (side view).

1 - current-carrying busbars; 2 - low-emission conductive coating; 3 - closed dividing track; 4 - open dividing track; 5 - glass plate; 6 - substrate; 7 - adhesive layer between the substrate and glass; 8 - connecting elements; 9 - conductive wires, 10 - support.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The electrically heated tile contains a substrate (6) made of sheet building material, the back surface of which is secured with an adhesive layer (7) and a glass plate (5) made of tempered glass, and a low-emissivity conductive coating (2) is made on the inner surface of the glass plate (5) . The glass plate acts as an infrared heater.

Metallized current-carrying bars (1) are applied to the surface of the low-emissivity conductive coating (2) of the glass plate (5), to which conductive terminals (9) are soldered. The current-carrying bars (1) are applied to the glass plate (5) by any known method, for example, by silk-screen printing, or by cold gas-dynamic spraying, or by gluing a metal strip using conductive glue.

On the low-emission coating (2), electrically insulated zones are made in the form of an open dividing path (4) or a closed dividing path (4) in the form of various geometric shapes (3): hexagon, circle, etc. In the absence of electrically insulating zones, a specific power is released from the glass surface with highest value. To reduce the released specific power, it is necessary either to reduce the dimensions of the glass, which will lead to a shorter length and width of the conductive coating, therefore, to a lower released specific power, or to form electrical insulating zones on the surface by cutting out at least one section or sections of the conductive coating, which leads to to obtain glass sections that do not contain a conductive coating, i.e. to a smaller area of conductive coating, therefore, to a smaller allocated power density. Thus, the presence or absence of electrical insulating zones allows you to adjust the heating power of the tile.

The substrate (6) is made of ceramics, concrete, porcelain stoneware, natural stone, terracotta.

A glass plate (5) coated with a conductive low-emission coating (2) forms a heating panel. An electric current flows through the low-emissivity coating (2), and the glass plate (5) is glued to the substrate (6) hermetically, for example, by vacuum lamination using an adhesive layer (7), for example, a film based on ethyl vinyl acetate or polyvinyl butyral. Also, the glass plate (5) can be glued to the substrate (6) by filling the space between the substrate (6) and the glass plate (5) with a heat-curable, UV-curable or chemically curable composition forming an adhesive layer (7).

If necessary, at least one glass plate (5) can be additionally applied to the outer surface of the glass plate (5); the glass plates (5) are connected to each other by an adhesive layer (7), the composition of which is described above. Thus, laminated glass can be applied to the back surface of the substrate (6), while at least one glass plate of laminated glass can be coated with a low-emission coating (2), on which current-carrying busbars (1) with conductive terminals (9) are applied. . The claimed device in the form of tiles can be connected into groups in series or in parallel, depending on the assigned tasks. The connection of the plates to each other is carried out by conductive leads (9), connected to each other in sealed connecting elements (8). Heating intensity control and product control logic can be carried out through an electrical control cabinet using various sensors, for example, precipitation sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, etc.

The claimed device works as follows (using the example of floor tiles for a veranda).

To form the floor, electrically heated tiles are installed on supports (10) in such a way that the edges of adjacent tiles lie on supports (10). Electrically heated tiles installed in the floor may not all be connected to the mains.

Through the conductive leads (8) and metallized conductive bars (1), alternating or direct voltage electricity is supplied to the conductive low-emission coating (2) of the IR electric heater. When an electric current passes through a conductive low-emission coating (2), thermal energy is released on it, heating the glass plate (5) over its entire surface to a temperature of no more than 170°C, while the glass plate (5), as a material with a high coefficient radiation effectively emits infrared radiation through the front glass plate (5) of the IR electric heater, resulting in heating of the substrate (6), the heating of which allows, for example, to melt the formed ice.

The degree of heating of the conductive low-emission coating (2) can be adjusted by changing the supply voltage, or set to a given voltage at the manufacturer, by changing the electrical resistivity using electrically insulated zones in the form of an open dividing track (4) or a closed dividing track (3) in in the form of various geometric shapes (4). These electrically insulated zones represent a partially removed low-emissivity conductive coating (2) from the surface of the glass, as a result of which the product has the required electrical parameters.

Depending on the method of processing the low-emission coating, it is possible to create products of the same form factor with different power characteristics.

The use of a glass plate made of tempered glass with a conductive coating, compared to a resistive carbon coating, allows for increased operational reliability, since the conductive coating of the glass plate ensures uniform surface electrical resistance (no overheating), is mechanically durable, and can provide different powers of the IR electric heater due to removing the necessary sections of the conductive coating.

The claimed substrate acts as a load-bearing element, which is sufficiently strong in compression, but does not work well in tension. Glass, in turn, works better in tension and bending. When gluing a substrate to a plate of tempered glass, a kind of composite element is obtained that can withstand greater loads than the component materials individually. Also, the claimed substrate acts as an element that protects the coating of the heating element from mechanical damage, namely scratches, chips, and cracks. In addition, the claimed substrate has a sufficiently high heat capacity, due to which the heat distribution from the heating element occurs efficiently and evenly over the entire surface of the product. This ensures increased reliability of the device while ensuring efficient heating of the coating over the entire area of the heating element.

The execution of electrically insulated zones on a conductive coating ensures heating of the glass to a temperature below 170°C (corresponding to the required specific power of the IR electric heater), which ensures reliability due to the absence of overheating of the IR electric heater, which can lead to fire and failure of the device.

In non-residential premises, the claimed device ensures the creation of a comfortable temperature for staying and melting snow and ice during the cold season, and in residential premises it is used for the manufacture of heated floors or an electric heater on the wall.

The utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a specific embodiment thereof. For specialists, other embodiments of the utility model may be obvious, without changing its essence, as it is disclosed in the present description. Accordingly, the utility model should be considered limited in scope only by the following utility model formula.

Claims (3)

1. An electrically heated tile containing a substrate made of sheet building material, on the back surface of which a glass plate made of tempered glass is fixed with an adhesive layer, and on the inner surface of the glass plate there is a low-emissivity conductive coating, on which metallized conductive busbars with conductive leads are applied. 2. Electrically heated tile according to claim 1, characterized in that electrically insulated zones are made on the low-emission coating. 3. Electrically heated tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate is made of ceramics, concrete, porcelain stoneware, natural stone, terracotta.