RU2219388C1 - Hydraulic system oil cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic drives. SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for cleaning oil in hydraulic systems of hydraulic drives. Proposed device contains vacuum chamber, inlet and outlet pipelines, heater and throttle installed on oil inlet pipeline, disks installed horizontally in vacuum chamber with clearance is between, and pump. Device is furnished additionally with foam suppressor arranged in upper part of vacuum chamber, cylindrical drum accommodating conical rings installed with clearance in between. Inner diameters of said rings form paraboloid of rotation. Horizontal disks are arranged in upper part of vacuum chamber and are provided with central hole. Pump consists of liquid-piston pump arranged in upper part of vacuum chamber and centrifugal pump arranged in its lower part on one shaft with cylindrical drum. EFFECT: improved efficiency of oil cleaning from water and mechanical impurities. 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic equipment, in particular to a device for cleaning oil hydraulic hydraulic drive. The proposed device can be used to service the hydraulic systems of mobile machines, hydraulic equipment used in various fields of technology, as well as for cleaning industrial, turbine and electrical insulating oils.

For the purification of oils from mechanical impurities and water, methods of exposure to force fields using force baffles and using thermophysical and mass transfer phenomena have become widely used. The use of centrifugal forces accelerating the process of cleaning hydraulic oils is the basis for centrifuges, separators and hydrocyclones of various designs. For example, the PSM 1 - 300 installation and its modifications for cleaning electric insulating oils from water and mechanical impurities are known (see PI Shashkin and IV Brai “Regeneration of used petroleum oils,” Moscow: Chemistry, 1970 ) Known centrifugal oil cleaners containing a housing and a rotor with nozzles (see ed. St. USSR No. 659168, 1979, ed. St. USSR No. 301162, 1969, ed. St. USSR No. 258272, 1967). Centrifugal cleaners are widely used in the production of Germany, Sweden, Japan, Russia (SOG stands) and other countries.

Especially for the purification of oils from free, emulsified and dissolved water, devices are used to evacuate oils during heating (see I.V. Bry “Regeneration of transformer oils.” - M .: Transport, 1972).

The closest technical solution to the claimed is a device for cleaning hydraulic oil containing a vacuum chamber, a six-cavity piston pump, the two extreme cavities of which are connected through check valves to the vacuum chamber, the cavities adjacent to the extremes are connected through a reversible distributor to the drive pump, and the middle cavities the six-cavity pump is connected to the pipeline for draining oil from the vacuum chamber, and the inner end surfaces of the extreme cavities of the six-cavity pump are conical They have elastic gaskets, and a heater installed on the oil supply pipe, disks mounted horizontally in the vacuum chamber with a gap between each other, a valve installed on the oil supply pipe between the inlet to the vacuum chamber and the heater, a condensing device installed on the vapor exhaust pipe water, and a filter mounted on the pipeline drain oil (see patent RU 2000489 C, CL F 15 In 21/04, D 19/00).

A disadvantage of the device for cleaning hydraulic oil is the low efficiency of oil purification from water, due to the insufficient performance and complexity of the design of the drive, as well as the suction of oil foam into the exhaust pipe and water vapor.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of oil purification from water and mechanical impurities.

The technical result is achieved in that a device for cleaning hydraulic oil containing a vacuum chamber, supply and exhaust pipelines, a heater made in the form of a heat exchanger, a tap installed on the oil supply pipeline, horizontal disks installed in a vacuum chamber with a gap between each other, a condensing device installed on the pipeline for the removal of water vapor, and the pump is additionally equipped with a defoamer wire located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber, a cylindrical drum, placed in its lower part, inside of which there are conical rings made up with a gap between themselves. The inner diameters of these rings form a paraboloid of revolution, and the horizontal disks are made with a central hole, and the pump is made in the form of a liquid-ring pump located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber and centrifugal placed in its lower part on the same shaft with a cylindrical drum.

The inventive device for cleaning oil hydraulic systems differs from the prototype described in patent RU 2000489 C, CL. F 15 B 21/04, D 19/00, in that it is equipped with a defoamer wire located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber, a cylindrical drum located in its lower part, inside of which there are conical rings made up with a gap between themselves, and the inner the diameters of these rings form a paraboloid of revolution, and horizontal disks are made with a central hole, and the pump is made in the form of a liquid ring pump located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber, and centrifugal placed in its lower part on the same shaft with qi indricheskim drum.

Thus, the claimed device for cleaning oil hydraulic systems meets the criterion of "novelty."

Comparison of the claimed technical solution (a device for cleaning hydraulic oil) not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this and related fields made it possible to identify technical solutions containing features similar to those distinguishing the claimed technical solution from the prototype. Firstly, the use of conical plates to ensure the operation of plate separators, in which thin-layer separation of contaminated oil is carried out in order to clean it of mechanical impurities and free water. In the drum of such a separator, the stream of purified oil is divided into thin layers by conical plates and carried away by them in a rotational motion. Oil continuously enters the rotating drum and is discharged through an annular hole in the upper part. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the particles of contaminants are thrown onto the lower surface of the underlying plate, after which they begin to slide along it to the inner surface of the drum. The disadvantage of plate separators can be attributed to a single passage of the flow of the purified oil through the space between the conical plates, which reduces the efficiency of use of such devices. In the claimed technical solution, the oil flow passing between the conical plates repeatedly returns to the inner surface of the cylindrical drum, which increases the efficiency of deposition of mechanical impurities on its surface. The combination in this device for oil purification of hydraulic systems of a liquid ring pump located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber for cleaning air and water vapor, and a centrifugal pump located in the lower part of the vacuum chamber for pumping purified oil, is due to the features of the operation of these devices, which, in In this case, they are used to ensure the effective operation of the entire device as a whole. First of all, such features are:

1. The same speed of these pumps, necessary for their operation. This frequency is sufficient to achieve high-quality centrifugation of contaminated oil with a cylindrical drum with dish-shaped rings, as well as swirling and destruction of oil foam with a wire antifoam, which allows you to place both pumps, a drum and an antifoam on the same shaft and use one drive.

2. At the same speed, the ratio of the volume of air and water vapor pumped out by the liquid ring pump to the oil volume pumped out by a centrifugal pump can be controlled by changing the amount of oil supplied to the vacuum chamber for cleaning.

3. The cooling device can be used additionally for cooling the working fluid of the liquid ring pump.

4. The kinetic energy of the oil draining from the cylindrical drum is used to improve the pumping conditions of this oil by a centrifugal pump.

Thus, a combination of these features allows you to achieve economical and coordinated operation of the device as a whole.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the proposed set of distinctive features meets the criterion of "significant differences", because it acquired a new property, which consists in the efficient removal of water and air vapors released from the oil during its evacuation, quenching of the foam formed in this process, as well as increasing the efficiency of oil purification from mechanical impurities deposited by centrifugal forces.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of a device.

The inventive device contains a vacuum chamber 1 with two communicating cavities located vertically, in the upper part of which are located on the same shaft a liquid ring pump 2 and a defoamer wire 15, as well as horizontal plates with central holes 3. In the lower part of the vacuum chamber 1 on one the shaft has a cylindrical drum 10 fixed by the impellers 6, and a centrifugal pump 5. In addition, the device has an oil exhaust pipe 7, an air exhaust pipe and water vapor 8 with check valves contact 9 and the oil supply pipe 12 to sequentially mounted thereon a throttle 13 and a heater 14. The vacuum chamber 1 is provided with a vacuum gauge 11. The cylindrical drum 10 arranged ring 4, made with a gap between them, and inner diameters of the rings 4 form a paraboloid of revolution. In the upper part of the vacuum chamber 1 on the shaft is a wire defoamer 15.

The inventive device for cleaning hydraulic oil works as follows.

When the shaft, on which the liquid-ring pump 2 is placed, the cylindrical drum with rings 4 on the impeller 6, the wire defoamer 15 and the centrifugal pump 5 in the vacuum chamber 1, rotates due to the operation of the liquid-ring pump 2, the pressure decreases, after which the throttle opens 13 and contaminated oil, heated by the heater 14, under the influence of atmospheric pressure through a pipe 12 enters the upper part of the vacuum chamber 1. In this case, the flow of contaminated oil enters horizontal plates with central holes 3 and, gradually flowing down from the upper plates to the lower ones, forms a stream of small thickness with a large free surface area, which creates favorable conditions for the evaporation of water and the release of air. The oil foam generated during evacuation is destroyed by a defoamer wire 15, and air and water vapor are pumped out by a liquid ring pump. Then, the oil purified from water flows onto the rings 4 of the cylindrical drum 10. The oil flow bends around the disks alternately from the outside and the inside, while mechanical impurities settle under the influence of centrifugal forces on the inner surface of the cylindrical drum 10. The purified oil draining from the bottom of the cylindrical drum 10 , falls on the blades of a centrifugal pump 5, which takes him out of the vacuum chamber.

Check valves 9 help to maintain a vacuum in the vacuum chamber 1, and the vacuum gauge 11 controls its tightness. The rotational speed of the liquid ring pump 2 determines the required amount of contaminated oil supply to the vacuum chamber 1, depending on the contamination of the oil with water and volatile substances.

Thus, the use of the claimed technical device allows to increase the efficiency of oil purification from water and solids through the use of a defoamer, a cylindrical drum with conical disks and a device drive layout that ensures the coordinated operation of all its moving elements.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning hydraulic oil containing a vacuum chamber, supply and exhaust pipelines, a heater made in the form of a heat exchanger, a valve installed on the oil supply pipeline, horizontal disks installed with a gap between each other, a condensing device installed on the water vapor removal pipeline, and the pump is additionally equipped with a defoamer wire located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber, a cylindrical drum located in its lower part, inside of which there are conical lakes made up with a gap between themselves, and the inner diameters of these rings form a paraboloid of rotation, moreover, the horizontal disks are made with a central hole, and the pump is made in the form of a liquid ring pump located in the upper part of the vacuum chamber, and centrifugal placed in its lower part on one shaft with a cylindrical drum.

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