RU2217902C2 - Method of finely divided sprinkling of agricultural crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: applicable in agriculture, particularly, in complex control of agricultural crop vital factors under conditions of irrigation. SUBSTANCE: method provides for multiple moistening during vegetation period of air layer near the ground, surface of sown areas or plants and soil with artificial rain drops 100-600 mcm in diameter coated with surfactant monolayer. Single irrigation rate is 200-600 l/ha. Norm of surfactant introduction is calculated by mathematical formula. The first moistening is assigned at attainment of air temperature of lower limit of optimal temperature range of given crop photosynthesis process. Subsequent irrigations are carried out in time interval determined by mathematical relationship. The last moistening of plants during day is effected with water containing no surfactants. Surfactant properties prevent increase of temperature of artificial rain drops in course of their evaporation or ensuring increase of drop temperature in course of evaporation for value not exceeding difference of temperatures of plant corresponding to upper and lower limits of optimal temperature range of given crop photosynthesis process. EFFECT: provided optimal heat conditions of agricultural crop planting with reduced consumption of water and energy for finely divided sprinkling. 2 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 Description text in facsimile form (see graphic part).

Claims (2)

1. A method of fine irrigation of crops, providing for multiple wetting of the surface layer of air, the leaf surface of crops or plants, and the open surface of the soil with artificial rain drops with a diameter of 100-600 microns, a single rate of 200-600 l / ha during the growing season the temperature of the surface air layer and / or lowering the relative humidity of the surface air layer below the optimal values for this type of culture, characterized in that the moistening of crops and whether the plants are carried out with artificial rain drops coated with a monolayer of surfactant, its application rate is calculated by the formula q = p · c · d _s / n · k, where q is the rate of application of the surfactant, kg / m ³ ; p is the degree of coating with drops of water on the leaf surface of crops or plants,%; d _s is the diameter of the droplet, microns; C is the concentration of the surfactant, providing a monolayer coating of the surface of droplets with a diameter of d _s formed by spraying 1 m ^{3 of} water, kg / m ³ ; n is the coefficient of proportionality; k is the coefficient of spreading drops, and the interval between humidifications is determined by the dependence T = t _isp + t _pd, where T is the interval between humidifications, h; _Spanish t - duration of complete evaporation coated with a monolayer of surfactant drops of rain from surface leaf crops or plant parts; t _PD - the duration of the aftereffect of one-time moistening, h, while the first moistening is prescribed when the air temperature reaches the lower limit of the optimal temperature range for the photosynthesis of this crop, and the last moistening of crops or plants during the day is performed with water that does not contain a surfactant . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a surfactant is used as a surfactant, eliminating the temperature increase of droplets of artificial rain during their evaporation or providing an increase in the temperature of droplets during evaporation by an amount not exceeding the difference

Where

- plant temperatures corresponding to the upper (max) and lower (min) boundaries of the optimal temperature range of the photosynthesis process.

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