RU2216530C1 - Flame ignition capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cartridge production. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the sphere of cartridge production and namely, to capsules-igniters (CI) production. Here is presented a capsule igniter for a cartridge of the small arms, that includes a cap with a striking compound consisting of the following elements: diazonitrophenol, potassium salt, dinitrobenzofuroxane, inert sensitizer, graphite and aerosil. Density of charging the igniter capsule can make 0.33-0.55 g /cu cm. EFFECT: invention is designed for making a CI, permitting to improve ecology of a shot, reliability of the cartridge action over the temperature range of +50 C - 50 C and to produce the stable ballistic performances. 2 cl, 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of cartridge production, and in particular to igniter caps (KB) for small arms cartridges.

 Currently, the developers are faced with a number of new tasks to increase the reliability of the work of cartridges in various conditions, reduce the danger and improve the environmental cleanliness of the shot.

 The solution to these problems to a large extent depends on the KB used in the cartridge and its impact-ignition composition (UVS).

For more than a hundred years, cartridges with an igniter capsule containing explosive mercury have been manufactured [1]. These KB reliably ignite the powder charge, ensure its stable combustion and satisfactory ballistic characteristics. However, they have several disadvantages that degrade the quality of the cartridges. These include the high rusting effect of these KBs, and relatively low heat resistance. In addition, the environmental factor has acquired considerable importance: the high cost and scarcity of raw materials (mercury and antimony antimony sulfide Sb ₂ S ₃ ). Mercury and its compounds are harmful substances with a low maximum permissible concentration, which also complicates the production of hydrocarbons, and make shooting with such KB cartridges dangerous to health. Although KB with HCS based on lead trinitroresorcinol (TNRS) [1] are used, although they are non-rusting, their heat resistance and environmental cleanliness are not at all better than those of explosive HCS. In addition, the fuel-and-oil complex based on TNRS not enough steadily ignite propellant charges at negative temperatures. Therefore, the task of creating a new heat-resistant non-rusting KB with HCF based on non-deficient components and raw materials without heavy metals has become urgent.

A number of foreign works and patents are known in which non-rusting hydrocarbons based on diazodinitrophenol are assumed, however, an analysis of these compositions showed that they have a number of significant drawbacks. For example, the composition of the US patent [2] contains (wt.%):
Diazodinitrophenol - 40
Tetrazene - 10
Manganese Dioxide - 30
Glass - 20
The disadvantage of this composition is the low heat resistance, the impossibility of its preparation by the traditional dry method.

In addition, manganese dioxide has a density of 5.03 g / cm ³ , which is significantly higher than that of the other components of the mixture (diazodinitrophenol, tetrazene, glass), which can lead to delamination of the HCS and to a deterioration in the stability of ballistic characteristics.

Known KB with UVS [3], selected as a prototype, as the closest to the proposed. This UVS contains (wt.%):
Lead Trinitrosorcinate - 60-75
Diazodinitrophenol - 20-10
Inert Sensitizer - 20-15
Graphite - 0.1-0.3 over 100
Aerosil - 0.05-0.08 in excess of 100
The charging density of this igniter capsule with the specified composition was 0.56-0.85 g / cm ³ . This KB showed good results when checking the stability of ballistic characteristics in the temperature range of 15 ... 50 ^o C, high heat resistance and moisture resistance, as well as non-rusting shot.

The disadvantage of KB, selected as a prototype, was a markedly increased shot time at low temperatures. At charge temperatures of minus 50 ^o C, protracted shots and misfires were observed, which is an unacceptable defect in small arms cartridges. In addition, the HCS in the HF prototype contained lead compounds, which are toxic in terms of mercury compounds and make it difficult to use KB data indoors.

When developing the proposed KB, the tasks of improving the stability of ballistic characteristics and increasing the reliability of ignition of a propellant charge in the temperature range of 50 ^o C ... minus 50 ^o C while maintaining high thermal and moisture resistance, non-rusting and ecological purity of KV were solved.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that KB contains a cap with a UVS from diazodinitrophenol, an inert sensitizer, graphite, aerosil, potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuraxan in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
Diazodinitrophenol - 20-40
Potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuraxan - 30-70
Inert Sensitizer - 15-25
Graphite - 0.1-0.3 over 100
Aerosil - 0.05-0.08 in excess of 100
In this case, the loading density of the impact composition in the capsule is 0.33-0.55 g / cm ³ .

 In the table. 1 ... 4 shows the test results and experimental data.

In the table. 1 shows the results of ballistic tests at charge temperatures of 20 ^o C, 50 ^o C and minus 50 ^o C 5.45 • 39 mm cartridge with new KB and KV prototype.

In the table. Figure 2 shows the measurements of the P (t) curves recorded using quartz piezoelectric sensors in the temperature range of 50 ^o C ... minus 50 ^o C when firing 5.45 • 39 mm with new KB ammunition and with a KB prototype.

 In the table. 3 shows the characteristics of a shot of a 5.45 • 39 mm cartridge with a new KB with a different content of potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxan in a UVS.

 In the table. Figure 4 shows the experimental data obtained when firing 5.45 mm with 5.45 x 39 rounds with a new KB having different loading densities.

 The manufacturing technology of the proposed KB did not differ from the manufacturing technology of regular KB [1]. Using known technologies, diazodinitrophenol [4] and the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane are prepared.

Further, all components are mixed until a homogeneous mechanical mixture is obtained. Then, weighed portions of the composition are poured into the cap KB and pressed at a specific pressure of 800-1700 kgf / cm ² in KB of the central battle, to protect against external influences from above, the composition is closed with metal foil or a paper circle.

The advantages of the new KB over the prototype are visible from the table. 1 ... 2, which presents the results of comparative ballistic tests and the results of processing the P (t) curves obtained when firing 5.45 • 39mm rounds in the temperature range 50 ^o C ... minus 50 ^o C.

From the table. Figure 1 shows that bullet speeds when firing cartridges with new KB are higher than with a KB prototype. The scatter of V ₂₅ and P _max in cartridges with a new KB is less. Less and a change in V ₂₅ and P _max in the temperature range of 50 ^o C ... minus 50 ^o C.

From the table. 2 shows that the ignition time of the powder charge, the time to reach P _max and the time of the shot for the new KB is less than that of the HF prototype, and their dispersion is less. It should be noted that at a charge temperature of minus 50 ^o С the new KB ensures reliable operation of the shot, and when using the KB prototype, 4 protracted shots out of 10 credits were observed.

 From the table. Figure 3 shows that a change in the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxan beyond the proposed limits leads to a deterioration in ballistic characteristics and to an increase in the time of the shot.

 From the table. Figure 4 shows that a change in the KB loading density beyond the proposed boundaries leads either to a deterioration in ballistic characteristics with a decrease in the loading density, or to the appearance of breakdowns of KB with an increase in the loading density.

 The inert sensitizer content limits are justified by the sensitivity of HF. When the sensitizer content is less than 15%, misfires and failure of KB are observed when the standard load falls from the upper limit. With an increase in the sensitizer above 25%, the sensitivity of KB becomes very high (dangerous), and the energy characteristics decrease, which leads to a deterioration in its ignition ability.

 Thus, the proposed KB for small arms cartridges is justified and meets the new increased requirements for KV.

The technical result achieved is the development of a non-rusting, heat and moisture resistant environmentally friendly KB, which ensures reliable operation of cartridges in the temperature range of 50 ^o С ... minus 50 ^o С and obtaining stable ballistic characteristics with less scatter compared to existing HF.

Bibliographic data
1. P.P. Karpov "Means of initiation", Moscow, 1945, p. 128.

 2. US patent 4675059, 06.23.87.

 3. RF patent 2175652, 10.11.01.

 4. RF patent 2151134.

Claims (1)

1. The igniter capsule for the cartridge of small arms, containing a cap with an impact composition of diazodinitrophenol, an inert sensitizer, graphite, aerosil, characterized in that the impact composition additionally contains a potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxan in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
Diazodinitrophenol - 20-40
Potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxan - 30-70
Inert Sensitizer - 15-25
Graphite - 0.1-0.3 in excess of 100%
Aerosil - 0.05-0.08 in excess of 100%
2. The igniter capsule according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact composition is charged with a density of 0.33-0.55 g / cm ³ .

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