RU2212137C2 - Method for treatment of plants and composition used for plants protection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plant growing, agricultural chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes composition used for plants protection and method for treatment of plants in manufacture of plant growing production. Method involves treatment of plants with indicated composition. Composition used in the method comprises at least one toxic substance and at least one salt of arachidonic and/or jasmonic and/or eicosapentaenic acid with alkaline metal or ammonium. Invention allows to simplify preparing working solutions and to enhance their stability to separation being without reduction of biological effectiveness of treatment. EFFECT: improved treatment method. 3 cl, 3 tbl, 11 ex

Description

 A group of inventions relates to crop production technology.

 A known method of processing plants in the production of crop products, comprising treating plants with a composition containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, including arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid or their lower alkyl esters (RU 2092049 C1, 10.10. 1997).

 The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty in preparing the composition used, associated with the need to emulsify the acids and their derivatives used in the composition of the target additives, and the tendency of the resulting working solutions to delaminate.

 Known composition for plant protection, containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, including at least arachidonic and / or jasmine and / or eicosapentaenoic acid or their lower alkyl esters (ibid.).

 This composition has the same disadvantages as the above method with its use.

 The technical result of the group of inventions is to simplify the preparation of working solutions of the composition used and increase their durability.

 This result is achieved in that in a plant processing method for the production of crop products, comprising treating plants with a composition containing at least one toxic substance and target additives including derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid, according to the invention as derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid use salts with alkali metals or ammonium.

 The same result is achieved in that the plant protection composition containing at least one toxic substance and target additives comprising derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid according to the invention as derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic, and / or eicosapentaenoic acid contains salts with alkali metals or ammonium.

 The method is implemented as follows.

 The composition used in the method is prepared by introducing one or more salts of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid with alkali metals or ammonium into existing preparations for chemical plant protection or other compositions containing one or more toxic substances - biocides, together with other target additives, for example, sorbents, adhesives, film formers, wetting agents, fillers, so that their content in the composition corresponds to the flow rate of the same acids of the closest analogue: 0.1-20 mg / ha of planting vegetative plants or 0.5-10000 mg / t of seed, or by compiling a binary mixture with the same ratio of components mixed directly during application.

 The prepared composition is applicable for the treatment of seed and / or vegetative plants in a liquid or solid phase state, depending on the type of toxic substances used in it and the marketable form of the composition. The salts used in it are water soluble, therefore they do not require emulsification and do not initiate delamination of working solutions. It has been experimentally established that the proposed compositions have no less biological efficiency compared to the closest analogue.

 Example 1

 The treating agent is prepared by mixing the toxic substance tetramethylthiuramdisulfide in an amount of 0.8 kg / t, a mixture of sodium salts of arachidonic, jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in an amount of 0.5 mg / t, ascorbic acid, film former, surfactants , dye and water in an amount of 10 l / t [1]. The prepared composition is treated with corn seeds. For comparison, corn seeds are treated with a similar composition according to the closest analogue [2], a similar composition without derivatives of arachidonic, jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids [3], a similar composition without a toxic substance [4]. The results obtained in comparison with untreated corn seeds are given in relative values in the table. 1, where the columns in the order of listing show the data on the groups of seeds after various processing [2-4].

 Example 2

 A fungicidal composition is prepared by mixing the toxic substance propiconazole in an amount of 0.125 kg / ha, a mixture of ammonium salts of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in a ratio by weight of 3: 2 in an amount of 10 mg / ha, and water in an amount of 300 l / ha [1]. The prepared composition is used to treat winter wheat at the stage of the beginning of exit to the tube. For comparison, wheat is treated with compositions, analogously to example 1 [1-4]. The data obtained in comparison with the untreated control are given in table. 2, where the columns in the order of listing show the data on the groups of treated plants [1-4].

 Example 3

 The herbicidal composition is prepared by mixing the toxic substances of phenmedifam, desmedifam and etofumezate in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in an amount of 0.9 kg / ha, ammonium eicosapentaenate in an amount of 1 mg / ha, butyloxytoluene and water in an amount of 300 l / ha. The resulting composition is treated with beets in phase 2 pairs of real leaves. Compared to the standard treated with the same composition without eicosapentaenoic acid derivatives, for the experimental composition and the closest analogue, the productivity is increased by 28% and 27%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants in both cases is increased by 2 times, on the soil by 1.4 and 1.5 times, respectively.

 Example 4

 Beets are processed according to example 3, but using in the experimental composition ammonium arachidonate in an amount of 0.1 mg / ha Compared to the standard for the experimental composition and the closest analogue, the increase in yield was 27% and 25%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased 2 times and 1.8 times, on the soil 1.3 and 1.4 times, respectively.

 Example 5

 Beets are processed according to example 3, but using in the experimental composition of ammonium jasmonate in an amount of 20 mg / ha Compared with the same standard for the experimental composition and the closest analogue, the increase in yield was 31% and 29%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased 2.5 and 2.2 times, on the soil 1.7 and 1, 9 times respectively.

 Example 6

 The beets are processed according to example 3, but using in the experimental composition a mixture of ammonium jasmonate and sodium eicosapentaenate in a ratio of 1: 3 in an amount of 8 mg / ha. Compared to the standard for the experimental composition and the closest analogue, the yield increase in both cases was 31%, the decomposition rate of toxic substances in plants increased 2.5 and 2.2 times, on the soil 1.8 and 2 times, respectively.

 Example 7

 An insecticidal composition is prepared by mixing the toxic substance of chlorophos in an amount of 0.5 kg / ha, a mixture of potassium salts of arachidonic and jasmonic acids in a ratio by weight of 2: 3 in an amount of 0.1 mg / ha, butyloxytoluene and water in an amount of 300 l / ha. The resulting composition is treated with peas at the beginning of the growing season. For comparison, peas are treated with chlorophos in an amount of 0.5 kg / ha. The decay rate of chlorophos for the proposed composition and the closest analogue in both cases increased in plants by 5 days, on the soil by 4 days, grain yield increased by 32% and 31%, respectively.

 Examples 8-10.

 Peas are processed according to example 7, but using in the experimental composition separately taken potassium salts of arachidonic, jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. The results are similar to example 7.

 Example 11

 A composition having fungicidal and nematicidal activity is prepared by mixing the toxic substance thiabendazole in an amount of 22.5 g / t, a mixture of potassium salts of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in a ratio of 5: 3 in an amount of 10 g / t and water in an amount of 7 l / t [ 1]. The resulting composition is treated with seed potatoes. For comparison, it is treated with compositions analogously to example 1 [2-4]. The data obtained in comparison with the untreated control are given in relative values in the table. 3, where the columns in the order of listing provide information about potatoes that have undergone various processing [1-4].

 Thus, the proposed group of inventions allows to simplify the preparation of working solutions and increase their resistance to delamination without reducing the biological effectiveness of the processing.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of processing plants in the production of crop products, comprising treating the plants with a composition containing at least one toxic substance and target additives including derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid, characterized in that as derivatives of arachidonic, and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid, alkali metal or ammonium salts are used.  2. Composition for plant protection containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, including derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid, characterized in that as derivatives of arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid, it contains alkali metal or ammonium salts.

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