RU2092049C1 - Composition for plant chemical protection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, plant protection. SUBSTANCE: composition has at least one toxic substance, special additions, arachidonic and/or jasmonic, or eicosapentanoic acid or their lower alkyl esters and antioxidant at the indicated amount of acids or their esters. Consumption is 0.1-20 mg/ha, or 0.5-10000 mg/t sowing material. Composition is used for control over agriculture pests and weed plants. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of composition. 11 ex, 3 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to means for chemical protection of agricultural plants from diseases, pests and weeds.

Known compositions for chemical protection of plants containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, including sorbents, adhesives, film formers, wetting agents, fillers, etc. [one]
The disadvantages of these compositions are the accumulation of toxic substances in cultivated agricultural plants and in the soil, the migration of toxic substances, and the depressing effect on crops.

 The technical result of the invention is to reduce the stress on crops, the accumulation of toxic substances in crops and soil, reducing their migration.

 This result is achieved in that the composition for chemical plant protection, containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, according to the invention, additionally contains arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid or their lower alkyl esters and antioxidant in an amount providing a flow rate of the indicated acids or their esters of 0.1-20 mg / ha of planting or 0.5-10000 mg / t of seed.

 This allows you to reduce the accumulation of toxic substances in agricultural plants and soil, the migration of toxic substances and weaken their inhibitory effect on crops.

 The composition is prepared by introducing the calculated amount of arachidonic, and / or jasmonic, and / or eicosapentaenoic acids or their lower alkyl esters into the plant protection product together with the antioxidant so that their content in the composition corresponds to the flow rate of these acids or their esters 0.1-20 mg / ha of planting vegetative plants or 0.5-10000 mg / t of seed, or by compiling a binary mixture with the same ratio of components mixed directly during application.

 The prepared composition is applicable for the treatment of seed and / or vegetative plants in a liquid or solid phase state, depending on the type of toxic substances used in it and the marketable form of the composition. A significant decrease in the inhibitory effect of the composition on the development of agricultural plants, a decrease in the accumulation of toxic substances in plants and in the soil, and their migration, have been established.

 Example 1. The treating agent is prepared by mixing the toxic substance tetramethylthiuramdisulfide in an amount of 0.8 kg / t, a mixture of arachidonic, jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in an amount of 0.5 mg / t, ascorbic acid antioxidant, film former, surface-forming active substances, dye and water in an amount of 10 l / t (table 1, column 1). The prepared composition is treated with corn seeds. For comparison, corn seeds are treated similarly to a composition without an antioxidant and polyunsaturated fatty acids (Table 1, column 2), similarly to a composition without a polyunsaturated fatty acid and antioxidant with a toxic substance, ensuring its consumption of 1.6 kg / t in accordance with existing standards (table . 1, column 3), the same composition without a toxic substance and antioxidant (table. 1, column 4). The results obtained in comparison with untreated corn seeds are given in relative values in table 1, where the columns in the order of listing show the data on the groups of seeds after various processing.

 Example 2. A fungicidal composition is prepared by mixing the toxic substance propiconazole in an amount of 0.125 kg / ha, a mixture of ethyl esters of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids and an antioxidant in the form of the preparation "Immunocytophyte", TU 9291-001-16539818-95, containing 3.4 wt. a mixture of the above esters and 0.067 wt. butyloxytoluene as an antioxidant in an amount of 0.3 g / ha, that is, about 10 mg / ha in terms of the above esters, and water in an amount of 300 l / ha (Table 2, column 1). The prepared composition is used to process winter wheat at the stage of the beginning of exit to the tube. For comparison, wheat is treated with propiconazole in an amount of 0.125 kg / ha (Table 2, column 2) and 0.5 kg / ha in accordance with existing standards (Table 2, column 3) and "Immunocytophyte" in the same amount (table. 2, column 4). The obtained data, compared with the untreated control, are given in Table 2, where the columns in the order of listing show the data on the groups of treated plants.

 Example 3. The herbicidal composition is prepared by mixing the toxic substances of fenmedifam, desmedifam and etofumezat in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in an amount of 0.9 kg / ha, eicosapentaenoic acid in an amount of 1 mg / ha, butoxytoluene antioxidant and water in an amount of 300 l / ha . The resulting composition is treated with beets in phase 2 pairs of real leaves. Compared with ethanol treated with the same composition without eicosapentaenoic acid and an antioxidant, productivity increased by 27%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased by 2 times, in soil by 1.5 times.

 Example 4. Beets are processed according to example 3, but using in the experimental composition arachidonic acid in an amount of 0.1 mg / ha Compared with the same standard, the increase in yield was 25%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased 1.8 times, on the soil 1.4 times.

 Example 5. Beets are processed according to example 3, but using jasmonic acid in an amount of 20 mg / ha in the experimental composition. Compared with the same standard, the increase in yield was 29%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased 2.2 times, on the soil 1.9 times.

 Example 6. Beets are processed according to example 3, but using in the experimental composition a mixture of jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in a ratio of 1: 3 in an amount of 8 mg / ha. Compared with the same ethanol, the increase in yield was 31%, the rate of decomposition of toxic substances in plants increased 2.2 times, on the soil 2 times.

 Example 7. An insecticidal composition is prepared by mixing a toxic substance of chlorophos in an amount of 0.5 kg / ha, a mixture of methyl esters of arachidonic and jasmonic acids in a ratio by weight of 2: 3 in an amount of 0.1 mg / ha, an antioxidant butyloxytoluene and water in an amount of 300 l / ha. The resulting composition is treated with peas at the beginning of the growing season. For comparison, peas are treated with chlorophos in the amount of 0.5 and 0.6 kg / ha in accordance with existing recommendations. The decomposition rate of chlorophos in comparison with the first and second reference groups was increased in plants by 5 days, in soil by 4 days, grain yield was increased by 31 and 26%, respectively. In the chemical analysis of the grain of the experimental batch, the residual amounts of chlorophos in some samples were found in the form of traces, but were absent in the bulk.

 Examples 8-10. Peas are processed according to example 7, but using in the experimental composition separately taken propyl esters of arachidonic, jasmonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. The results are similar to example 7.

 Example 11. A composition having fungicidal and nematicidal activity is prepared by mixing the toxic substance thiabendazole in an amount of 22.5 g / t, a mixture of ethyl esters of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids and an antioxidant in the form of the preparation “Immunocytophyte” in an amount of 300 g / t, i.e. about 10,000 mg / t in terms of the above esters, film former, surfactants and water in an amount of 7 l / t [1] Seed potatoes are treated with the resulting composition. For comparison, it is treated with similar compositions, but without "Immunocytophyte" at a flow rate of thiabendazole of 22.5 g / t (Table 3, column 2) and 45 g / t in accordance with existing recommendations (Table 3, column 3), and a similar composition without thiabendazole (table. 3, column 4). The data obtained, compared with the untreated control, are given in relative values in Table 3, where the columns in the order of listing provide information about potatoes that underwent various processing.

 Thus, the proposed composition allows to reduce the inhibitory effect of toxic substances on crops, which is confirmed by an increase in their productivity, helps to reduce the accumulation of toxic substances in plants and soil and, as a consequence, reduce their migration.

Claims (1)

 Composition for chemical plant protection, containing at least one toxic substance and target additives, characterized in that it further comprises arachidonic and / or jasmonic and / or eicosapentaenoic acid or their lower alkyl esters and antioxidant in an amount that ensures the flow of these acids or their esters 0.1 to 20.0 mg / ha of planting or 0.5 to 10,000.0 mg / t of seed.

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