RU2211433C1 - Optoelectronic infantry trainer of collective fighting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: infantry trainers for training in fire without any use of ammunition. SUBSTANCE: the wide-size screen is divided into sections with protectors installed in front of them for production of a continuous realistic image of the terrain and target system and pairs of optoelectronic sensors for determination by each of them of the vertical and horizontal coordinates within the screen section. Each sensor consists of a cylindrical lens with a photorule and electronic unit located across in its focal plane. The pairs of sensors are so installed that in one of them the rule is positioned vertically, and in the other-horizontally. The laser radiators are provided with cooling radiators, which are installed stationary and connected by means of optical connectors and light guides with collimatory lenses installed in the training weapon. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to shooting simulators for training in shooting and conducting collective combat and can be used in simulators for teaching collective fighting techniques and skills of shooting from weapons without the use of ammunition.

 Known shooting simulator Kudryakova [1], containing a radiation source made in the form of a sector target mounted on a small arms radiation receiver associated with an amplifier and a signal processing circuit. The target is made four-sector with an X-shaped arrangement of sectors and modulated radiation of each of its sectors, which makes it possible to extract signals corresponding to target sectors from the general signal at the output of the radiation receiver. The optoelectronic receiver consists of a collecting lens, in the main focus of which a diaphragm with a calibrated hole and a photocell are installed. The magnitude of the extracted signals from each section of the target (amplitude) is directly proportional to the projection of the area of the corresponding sector of the target onto the photocell of the optoelectronic receiver. The shift of the optical axis of the receiver from the center of the target causes a redistribution of the amplitude values, which makes it possible to determine the magnitude of this shift, i.e. coordinates of the guidance point. Sources of measurement are diodes, for example AL107B.

 The disadvantages of this device are the difficulty of ensuring uniform illumination of the sectors of the target due to the heterogeneity of the radiation in different directions, for example, AL107B diodes, especially in the case of large dimensions of the target; due to the heterogeneity of the translucent material of the target; the large dimensions of the optoelectronic receiver mounted on the weapon, leading to a violation of the mass-dimensional parameters of the training weapon compared to the combat weapon, a large number of wires connecting the weapon with electronic signal processing devices and limiting the freedom of action of the trained gunner; the difficulty of shielding from electromagnetic fields created during operation, for example, a weapon recoil simulator.

 A known target [2], containing a training weapon with a trigger equipped with a contact that closes the electric circuit when the trigger is pulled, a laser emitter mounted on the muzzle of the weapon, and a television receiver (camera) mounted stationary opposite the screen of the simulator. When you press the trigger on the screen from a laser operating in a pulsed mode, a light spot is formed at the point of impact. Spot coordinates are determined using a camera.

 The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy due to the low resolution of the camera. The dimensions of the registration field (target) are limited due to the limited angle of the field of view of the camera. An increase in the angle of the field of view leads to an increase in the error (discretization step). In addition, the measurement frequency is equal to the frequency of the vertical scan (50 Hz) and is insufficient for measuring coordinates at the moment of the trigger release of the weapon.

 A device [3] is known, which contains a computer (computer), a device for displaying results (monitor), a simulator screen on which emitters (IR diodes) are connected in two rows with a constant pitch, connected to control unit 5, and n identical channels (up to eight), each of which contains a training weapon with a trigger equipped with a contact that closes the electric circuit when the trigger is pressed, and an optoelectronic converter mounted on the muzzle, as well as photo current amplifiers, maximum ovnya signal and analog-to-digital converters.

 Despite the panoramic target with a large registration field, this device has drawbacks associated with the presence on the screen of radiation sources that distort the visual picture of the terrain and the target environment. In addition, the noise immunity is low due to the large number of wires connecting the weapon with electronic signal processing devices, and it is also difficult to create a small-sized receiver mounted on the weapon and not violating the mass-dimensional ratios of the training weapon.

Known optoelectronic target shooting simulator [4], containing a training weapon with a trigger mechanism equipped with a contact that closes the electric circuit when you press the trigger, a laser emitter mounted on the muzzle of the weapon, a screen, a computer and a device for displaying the results of the shot. In the device, which is opposite the screen, an optoelectronic receiver is installed, containing two pairs of stripe diaphragms, focons and photodetectors located at an angle of 90 ^{o to} each other, the outputs of the photodetectors are connected to the inputs of the photocurrent amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the circuits for fixing the maximum signal level, connected to analog-to-digital converters, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the calculator.

 The disadvantages of this device are the relatively low accuracy of determining coordinates due to the speckle effect, which consists in displacing the geometric center of the laser spot radiation on the screen within the size of this spot (up to one third of the spot diameter), since the signals from the photodetectors of the device are proportional to the position of the geometric center of the laser spot on the screen. In addition, the registration field is small due to the limited field of view angle, the cost of installing a separate laser for each type of small arms and the low power due to the difficulty of cooling the laser under the conditions of mass and size limitations of the training weapon.

 The closest analogue is a shooting range [5], which contains a slide projector for programming exercise patterns with targets appearing for a given time, a target panel with built-in acoustic sensors, a coordinate determination unit, a computing device and a device for displaying shooting results. The target panel is made in the form of a bulletproof screen, on which small arms are fired, and the coordinates of the hit points are determined by measuring the propagation time of the acoustic wave from the hit point to the acoustic sensors.

 The disadvantages of this device are shooting from military weapons, which is not safe during training and training, ammunition consumption, bulletproof screen wear and the inability to determine in case of collective shooting which of the shooters hit the target.

 The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known devices by creating an optical-electronic shooting simulator of a collective battle with a multi-section target with projectors that form a panoramic realistic image of the target environment and moving and moving targets, by using training weapons and light-beam generation schemes with optical fibers and stationary mounted lasers with radiators, by using to determine the coordinates of the points of impact (laser spots on the screen) in thinning each screen section permanently installed sensors or CCD fotolineykami arranged horizontally to define the lateral and vertical coordinates to determine the vertical coordinates. For realistic sound conditions, the arrows are equipped with headphones connected to the outputs of the computer. To determine whether a shot belongs to a particular shooter, when you press the trigger, an electric circuit is closed and a signal to produce a shot by this shooter is sent to the input of the calculator and the corresponding laser.

 The technical result is an optical-electronic shooting simulator of a collective battle, providing a realistic image of the terrain, target situation, moving and stationary targets, realistic sound accompaniment of shooting in the event of a collective battle, high accuracy of determining the coordinates of points of contact, training and training without live shooting.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of an optoelectronic shooting simulator of a collective battle. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the formation of a laser beam with an optical fiber. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a coordinate sensor based on a CCD line or photo line.

The simulator contains a widescreen screen 1, divided into sections 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ , 1 ₃ . Opposite each section is a projector 2 ₁ , 2 ₂ , 2 ₃ , connected to the output of a computer 3, which sets the image of a complex scene on the entire screen 1 of the simulator. Additionally, in front of each section, 2 sensors with vertically arranged 4B _i , i = 1,2,3 rulers and with 4G horizontal rulers _i , i = l, 2,3 are installed to determine the vertical coordinate Y of the laser spot and the horizontal side coordinate Z At a firing distance (5-7 m), headphones 15 and lasers with radiators 5 are installed, equipped with optical connectors 6 and connected by optical fibers 7 with lenses 8 for forming a laser beam mounted on training weapons (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). Each of the sensors 4B and 4G consists of a cylindrical lens 9, a ruler 10, an electronic unit 11 containing a signal amplifier 12, a comparator 13, and a microcontroller 14 (Fig. 3). Moreover, the first and second inputs of the line 10 are connected to the first and second outputs of the microcontroller 14, and the output of the line is connected to the input of the signal amplifier 12. In turn, the output of the signal amplifier 12 is connected to the input of the comparator 13, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs microcontroller 14. The third output of the microcontroller 14 is the output of the sensor 4 and is connected to the computer 3.

 The simulator works as follows. According to the selected scenario, the computer 3 gives a signal to the projector 2 and a realistic image of the terrain, target environment and targets is formed on the screen. The shooter directs the training weapon on sights to the selected target, having previously determined the distance to the target by its angular dimensions and setting the bar to the appropriate range, from the contact sensor of the bar position, the signal is fed to the input of computer 3 to fix the set range. When the trigger is pressed by one of the participants in a collective battle, an electric signal of a closed electric circuit is supplied to the computer input and, accordingly, a signal is received from the computer output to the laser control input 5, through which a 40-μs laser beam is generated. In addition, the computer generates a signal that simulates the sound of a shot that is sent to the headphones 15. The reflection from the laser spot on the screen with the help of a cylindrical lens 9 is collected in a light strip crossing the ruler 10 in the place corresponding to the angular position of the laser spot.

 The 4G sensor works as follows. The microcontroller 14 generates clock pulses and reset pulses arriving at the corresponding inputs of the CCD line 10. In addition, simultaneously with the issuance of a reset pulse, the coordinate counter is reset to zero in the microcontroller, and with the output of each clock pulse, the coordinate counter is increased by 1. Upon receipt of the sequence A video signal is generated at its output at the output pulses, the amplitude of which at each point of the line is proportional to the incident light flux. The video signal is fed to the input of the signal amplifier 12, and from its output to the input of the comparator 13. When the threshold level video signal is exceeded, 1 appears on the direct output of the comparator, and 0 on the inverse one. When the signal is transmitted from the direct output of the comparator to the corresponding input of the leading edge microcontroller XL coordinate counter. Upon receipt of the trailing edge of the signal from the inverse output of the comparator to the corresponding input of the microcontroller, the value of the XP coordinate counter is stored and the position of the center of the light strip X = (XL + XP) / 2, corresponding to the horizontal position of the laser spot, is calculated. The coordinate of the center of the light strip is transmitted from the microcontroller to the computer 12. Similarly, the sensor 4B provides the vertical coordinate Y of the center of the laser spot.

 The computer receives from the sensors the coordinates X, Y of the spot where the laser spot hits the screen and displays these coordinates on its monitor taking into account the established range recorded in the computer by the signal from the position sensor of the aiming strip. When a laser beam hits the target, the computer changes the target environment, for example, by removing the affected target from the screen.

Sources of information
1. Patent 2060437 C1, cl. F 41 G 3/26 (Russia). Shooting simulator Kudryakova on the application 92006402/08 from 11/16/92, bull. 14, 1996.

 2. US patent 4, 583, 950 by James E. Schroeder "Light pen marksmanship trainer", Apr. 22, 1986.

 3. Patent for invention 2168145 dated 05/27/2001 according to the application 99117071 dated 02/08/1999. Shooting simulator with an optical-electronic recording device.

 4. Patent for invention 2147112 of 03/27/2000 according to application 99117070 of 02/02/1999. Optoelectronic target shooting simulator.

 5. Application for invention 94043628/02 of 12/09/1994, IPC F4175 / 056 (Russia). Shooting range (prototype).

Claims (3)

 1. An optical-electronic shooting simulator of a collective battle, comprising a screen, a projector, a training weapon with electrical contacts connected to the trigger, laser emitters, optical-electronic coordinate sensors, an electronic unit, a computer with an information display device, characterized in that a wide-screen divided into sections, opposite which projectors are installed to create a continuous realistic image of the terrain and the target environment and a pair of optoelectronic sensors to determine each and of vertical and horizontal coordinates within the section of the screen, each sensor consists of a cylindrical lens with a photo line and an electronic unit located across its focal plane, and the pairs of sensors are installed so that in one of them the ruler is located vertically, and in the other horizontally, laser emitters equipped with cooling radiators mounted permanently and connected through optical connectors and optical fibers with collimation lenses mounted on training weapons.  2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bar of the training weapon is equipped with a position sensor electrically connected to the computer.  3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that each training weapon is equipped with headphones electrically connected to a computer.

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