RU2204646C1 - Road-cleaning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: public services. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in designing and manufacturing of machines intended for cleaning road pavements and yard territories. Proposed machine has chassis, working member mounting mechanism 2 and rear mounting 3. Chassis consists of frame which carries cab 5 with portable two-position control station, front controllable axle 7 and rear controllable axle 8, power unit 9 consisting of engine, transfer case, pumps, oil cooler, oil tanks and hydraulic sets and arranged from bottom of frame between front axle 7 and rear axle 8. Controllable working member mounting mechanism 2 provides adjustment of position of working member in vertical direction and direction across direction of movement of machine. mechanism 2 is installed under cab 5 front sidemembers 10 of frame. Slewing platform is installed on frame from the rear. Turnable axles 15 f platform are arranged over. Frame. EFFECT: reduced overall dimensions of machine, improved stability and maneuverability. 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technical field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering for public utilities, in particular to road-harvesting machines designed for cleaning and cleaning pavements and courtyards.

State of the art
A known machine for cleaning the road surface (RF patent 2041313 C1, class E 01 H 1/05, 1995). The large turning radius of the machine due to the uncontrolled rear axle, as well as the use of a commercially available vehicle as the base chassis, leads to a large removal of attachments mounted on the front, in particular, plow equipment, all this virtually eliminates the possibility of using machines with such chassis for cleaning the yard territories.

 Known machines for cleaning the road surface (copyright certificate SU 1139791, class E 01 H 5/00, 1985; patent DE 3703470 C1, class E 01 H 5/07, 1988). In these machines, placing the engine under the cab reduces the dimensions of the sweeper and improves the visibility of the road surface for the driver. However, the mass-produced cars used as base chassis in these machines lead to the same drawbacks: the large turning radius of the machine due to the uncontrolled rear axle, the significant removal of attachments - all this limits the scope of such machines in cleaning the courtyard.

 The closest analogue is the combined car KO-713 for cleaning the pavement (V.K. Kuznetsov. Maintenance and repair of urban roads. M: ZAO Alfa-Print, 1998, p. 138-139, 142-143). The machine consists of a ZIL automobile chassis, which includes a frame on which a cab with a one-sided control post is installed, a front steered and uncontrolled rear axles, a power unit located in front of the cab and consisting of an engine, transfer case, pumps, oil cooling radiator, oil tanks and hydraulic units, as well as a rear attachment and located in front of the power block uncontrolled linkage mechanism of the working body.

The disadvantages of such a machine are:
- a large take-out of the linkage mechanism of the working body due to the placement of the power unit in front of the cab, which limits the driver's view of the road surface being cleaned and increases the turning radius of the machine, limiting the area of its use for cleaning the courtyard areas;
- uncontrollability of the rear axle, which also increases the radius of rotation of the machine;
- inconvenience of management due to the use of a standard cabin with a one-way control post;
- limited installation of the working bodies on the linkage mechanism, as low front axle load limits the mass of the working body, which does not allow the use of modern, heavier high-performance equipment;
- inconsistency of the optimal speed of the machine and the speed of the working body required for its efficient operation, which affects the efficiency of the machine and leads to excessive fuel consumption and air pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The proposed technical solution is based on the idea of changing the layout of the chassis and the design of the machine to improve the quality of cleaning and increase the productivity of road-cleaning machines.

 The aim of the invention is to improve visibility, increase the stability and maneuverability of the machine by reducing the dimensions of the machine during operation and transportation, as well as the possibility of using heavy energy-saturated front working bodies.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a road-cleaning machine containing a chassis consisting of a frame on which a cabin with a control station, a front steered and rear drive axles are installed, a power unit consisting of an engine, a transfer case, pumps, an oil cooling radiator, oil tanks and hydraulic units, as well as the linkage mechanism of the working body and the rear attachment, the power unit is located below the frame between the front and rear drive axles, the linkage mechanism of the working body is made controllable, with the possibility of simultaneous to adjust its position in the vertical and transverse directions of the machine, and is installed under the cab on the front side members of the frame, the cab is made with a portable on-off control post, the rear axle is controllable with the ability to turn off the turning mechanism, and a rotary platform, rotary axes are installed on the rear of the frame which are located above the frame.

 This design of the road-harvesting machine makes it possible to more evenly load the drive axles by transferring the center of gravity of the machine, which in turn allows you to install heavier working bodies on the linkage of the working tool. The release of space under the driver’s cabin and the placement of a linkage mechanism for the working body there reduces the distance from the machine to the working bodies, reduces the extension of the working bodies, which improves the maneuverability and visibility of the machine by reducing the overall dimensions of the machine. The use of two steered drive axles allows to improve the controllability of the machine through the use of various control schemes: control only the front axle, control only the rear axle, control both axles at the same time, "crab" move. The ability to control the machine from two places also improves visibility and quality of cleaning.

 In addition, the cabin doors are made of transparent material, and the windshield of the cabin is panoramic. All this, given the lack of a hood, also improves visibility and, as a result, improves the quality of cleaning.

 The rotary platform used includes two brackets, each of which is fixed through the rotary axis on the corresponding side of the frame, and two hydraulic cylinders, which rotate the brackets around the rotary axes, while one end of each hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted on the corresponding side of the frame, and the other end is pivotally fixed on the appropriate bracket. In this case, the rotary axes are located above the frame. This design of the turntable allows you to place various additional equipment on the frame, such as a tank, hopper or open body. At the same time, the rotary platform provides easy access to the power unit, and also increases the lifting height, for example, of the hopper, to facilitate the unloading of garbage.

The list of drawings:
figure 1 - road sweeper, General front view;
figure 2 - road sweeper, side view;
figure 3 - road sweeper, front view.

The best embodiment of the invention
The road-harvesting machine (Fig. 1) consists of a chassis 1, a mechanism 2 for hitching a working body onto which various working bodies can be mounted, for example a blade, and a rear mounted device 3 (Fig. 2).

 The chassis 1 includes a frame 4, on which is installed a cab 5 (Fig. 3) with a portable on-off control post 6, a front 7 and a rear 8 leading controlled bridges, a power unit 9 consisting of an engine, a transfer case, pumps, an oil cooling radiator, oil tanks and hydraulic units. The power unit 9 is located at the bottom of the frame between the front 7 and rear 8 driving axles so that its upper part forms almost a single horizontal plane with the top of the frame 4. The linkage mechanism 2 of the working body is located under the cab 5 and is mounted on the front side members 10 of the frame 4. The linkage mechanism 2 is configured to simultaneously control its position both in height and in the machine’s transverse direction. So, when the road-harvesting machine is operating, the linkage mechanism 2 is in the lower working position, otherwise, for example, during transportation, it occupies an extremely upper inoperative position. In front of the linkage mechanism 2, a docking plate 11 is installed, which provides a connection of the working body with the linkage mechanism 2. As a docking plate, a standard DIN 76060 brand plate can be used.

 The rear attachment 3 is mounted on the rear side members 12 of the frame 4. As the rear attachment 3, a basic attachment can be used, for example, on MTZ-80 tractors. Leading steered bridges 7 and 8 are configured to disable the rotation mechanism. A rotary platform 13 is mounted on the frame 4 above the rear axle 8.

 The rotary platform 13 consists of two brackets 14, each of which is fixed through the rotary axis 15 on the corresponding side 16 of the frame 4, and two hydraulic cylinders 17. The rotary axes 15 are located above the plane of the surface of the frame 4. One end of each hydraulic cylinder 17 is pivotally mounted the corresponding lateral side 16 of the frame 4, and the other end is pivotally mounted on the corresponding bracket 14. When installing any additional equipment, such as a hopper or an open body, on the frame 4, the hydraulic cylinders 17 provide Turning the brackets 14 around the rotary axles 15, they lift one side of the turntable 13, which allows for the unloading of garbage from the hopper or body.

 The doors 18 of the cabin 5 are made of transparent material, and the windshield 19 is made panoramic.

Industrial applicability
The invention can be easily made from modern materials based on existing technology and can be most effectively used in utilities, in particular, in the design and manufacture of road-cleaning machines designed for cleaning and cleaning pavements and courtyards, and special chassis for work with a hydraulic tool for rescue and road services.

Claims (4)

 1. A road harvesting machine comprising a chassis, consisting of a frame on which a cabin with a control station, a front steered and rear drive axles are mounted, a power unit consisting of an engine, a transfer case, pumps, an oil cooling radiator, oil tanks and hydraulic units, as well as a linkage mechanism of the working body and a rear attachment, characterized in that the power unit is located between the front and rear drive axles and is mounted on the frame so that its upper part forms almost the same horizon with the top of the frame the full plane, the linkage mechanism of the working body is made controllable, with the possibility of simultaneous adjustment of the position of the working body in the vertical and transverse movement of the machine directions, and is installed under the cab on the front frame side members, the cab is made with a portable two-position control post, the rear axle is made controllable rotation mechanism, and a rotary platform is installed on the rear of the frame, the rotary axes of which are located above the frame.  2. Road sweeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin doors are made of transparent material.  3. Road sweeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the windshield of the cabin is made panoramic.  4. Road-harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary platform consists of two brackets, each of which is fixed through a rotary axis on the corresponding side of the frame, and two hydraulic cylinders, providing rotation of the brackets around the rotary axes, with one end each hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted on the corresponding side of the frame, and the other end is pivotally mounted on the corresponding bracket.

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