RU220387U1 - Leno mesh bag with open structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the production of bags for packaging and storing goods. The bag is made of leno mesh fabric with an open structure. The fabric has a warp structure (6) formed from warp threads (6A) and a weft structure (5) formed from weft threads (5A). The warp threads (6A) are composed of two warp strands (6B, 6C), namely a first warp strand (6B) and a second warp strand (6C). Two warp strands (6B, 6C) are woven together to form loops (L) such that one weft yarn (5A) passes through each said loop (L). One of the two strands (6B, 6C) of the warp is made from bulk yarn (7). The other strand (6C or 6B) is made of stiff yarn (8). The rigidity of the bag structure is ensured, creating dimensional stability for the bag and its contents, while ensuring the softness of the bag material. 11 salary f-ly, 20 ill.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model relates

The utility model relates to the production of bags for packaging and storing goods. In particular, the utility model relates to the packaging and storage of spoilage-prone agricultural products (agro-products). More specifically, the utility model relates to a bag made from a plain weave fabric or a tubular fabric that consists of at least one bulky thread as a weft and at least one combination of a bulky thread and a rigid thread as a warp, wherein the weft the threads are held in position towards each other by a leno weave.

Prerequisites for creating a utility model

Typically, open structure leno mesh bags used for packaging various agricultural products such as potatoes, onions, fruits, flowers, etc. are made from polyethylene or polypropylene film cut into narrow strips. The cut film material of the tape gives the fabric bag the necessary breathability or openness, but the rough edge of the tapes creates a harsh contact force that can cause damage to softer, perishable agricultural products. In addition, the dimensional stability of the fabric is compromised by the slippery properties of the cut film strips, resulting in the bags being unable to maintain their shape when handled.

In addition, the goal of increasing the softness of the fabric and the resulting bag, if only multi-filament yarn is used in the manufacture of a leno bag, arises from the need for dimensional stability in the production of the bag, packaging of goods and storage of the bags. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the bag to ensure softness and dimensional stability.

Purpose of a utility model

The purpose of the present utility model is to impart rigidity to the bag structure, which creates dimensional stability for the bag and its contents, while ensuring the softness of the bag material.

Brief summary of the essence of the utility model

The utility model relates to the production of bags for packaging and storing goods. More specifically, the utility model relates to a plain or circular leno weave fabric which consists of at least one warp thread (6A), one of the warp threads (6B or 6C) of which is made from a bulky yarn, wherein the weft and/or at least one of its weft threads (5A) is made from bulk yarn, and the bag is made from such fabric. The utility model solves the problem of stiffness of leno fabric made from stiff yarns, especially on spoilage-prone goods and other goods that may be damaged by rigid packaging. Woven materials typically contain warp and weft structures formed using warp and weft yarns, respectively. Sliver film fabric usually consists of two sets of threads arranged in a warp structure and a weft structure. The threads are usually made from several strips of cut film. The fabric of the present utility model contains a certain amount of bulk yarn introduced into the weave to make the fabric softer than traditional fabric. This key aspect of the utility model has led to the creation of bags that are more gentle on goods than bags made from traditional leno fabric made from stiff yarns.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1A - Prior Art Tubular Leno Fabric

Fig. 1B is an enlarged view of the structure of a prior art leno fabric.

Fig. 2 - leno tubular fabric according to the utility model

Fig. 2A, 2B, 2C - some weaving patterns that are included in the scope of protection of this utility model

Fig. 3A, 3B, 3C - some other weaving patterns that fall within the scope of protection of the present invention

Fig. 4A and 4B are some other weaving patterns that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 5A, 5B, 5C - some other weaving patterns that are included in the scope of protection of the present invention

Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C - some other weaving patterns that are included in the scope of protection of the present invention

Fig. 7A, 7B, 7C - some other weaving patterns that are included in the scope of protection of the present invention

List of elements

1: Prior Art Tubular Leno Fabric

2: Cut film weft tape (prior art)

3: Cut film base tape

4: Leno tubular fabric according to the invention

5: weft structure

5A: weft thread/yarn 6: warp structure

6A: warp thread/yarn;

6B and 6C - two strands of warp thread that make up the warp thread

7: bulky yarn

8: stiff yarn

L: loop

Description of the invention

The woven material typically comprises warp and weft structures formed using warp and weft yarns, respectively. Sliver film fabric usually consists of two sets of threads arranged in a warp structure and a weft structure. The threads are usually made from several strips of cut film. Threads from any one set (warp structure or weft structure) are arranged parallel to each other and intertwined with threads from a second set (warp structure or weft structure). The threads from one set are oriented substantially at right angles to the threads from the other set. For a simple plain weave, the warp threads cross the weft threads at the top and bottom in an alternating pattern. Specifically, for a given warp thread crossing a particular weft thread at the top, an adjacent warp thread will cross that particular weft thread at the bottom, thereby locking the weft thread in place. The disadvantage of plain weave fabric is that it lacks porosity or openness.

A typical leno weave is different from a plain weave. In a leno weave, the warp structure (6) consists of warp threads (6A), which in turn have warp strands (6B, 6C) grouped in pairs. The weft structure (5) contains weft threads (5A) which are interwoven with warp threads (6A), however between each weft thread (5A) there are pairs of individual warp strands (6B, 6C) (6A) twisted around each other, reducing the distance between them almost to zero. This type of leno weave creates empty spaces between the weft threads, which gives the fabric more openness. The empty spaces between the weft threads act as turning points, resulting in a bendable fabric that easily follows the complex contours of stored goods. The relative effectiveness of the turning points can be increased or decreased by changing the structure of the warp and weft yarns.

As schematically shown in FIG. 1, the bag (1) of the prior art includes strips of cut film as both warp and weft threads/yarns. In FIG. 1B shows an enlarged view of a traditional bag leno fabric structure in which the weft and warp threads/yarns are made from cut film plastic strips. The weight number and width of warp yarn/thread and weft yarn/thread can be the same or different according to the packaging requirements. This structure is characterized by insufficient softness (due to the sharpness or rigidity of the edges of the tape) and a reduced coverage area.

Accordingly, the fabric of the invention (see FIG. 2) has a certain amount of bulk yarn introduced into the weave structure to make the fabric softer than traditional fabric. This key aspect of the invention has led to the creation of bags that are less corrosive to goods than bags made from traditional leno fabric made from stiff yarns.

There are several weaving patterns that fall within the scope of the present invention, and the weight of the bulk yarn (7) used in the fabric can be up to 100% of the weight of the fabric in g/ ^m2 and/or the weight of the stiff yarn (8) used in fabric, can be up to 95% of the fabric weight in g/ ^m2 .

Depending on the type of yarn from which the weft and warp structures (5, 6) are formed, a number of weaving patterns are possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention (see Fig. 2A), the bulky yarn (7) is used as the weft threads/yarn (5A) of the weft structure (5). In this embodiment, in the warp threads/yarns (6A), which are composed of a pair of warp strands (6B, 6C), one strand is made of a bulky yarn (7) and the other is made of a stiff yarn (8). Here the two strands (6B, 6C) of the warp are intertwined by twisting one around the other so that a loop (L) is formed. A weft thread (5A) is passed through the loops (L) of the twisted pair of warp strands (6B, 6C).

In FIG. 2B and 2C show some weaving patterns in which the bulk yarn is part of the warp structure (6). Each warp thread (6A) contains two warp threads (6B, 6C) - one of a stiff yarn (8) and the other of a bulky yarn (7). However, the weft structure (5) may comprise entirely (FIG. 2B) stiff yarn (8) or a combination (FIG. 2C) of stiff yarn (8) and bulky yarn (7) laid in a specific order. For example, in a weft structure (5), stiff yarns (8) and bulky yarns (7) may alternate, or there may be only bulky yarns (7) or only stiff yarns (8), or any number of stiff yarns (8) arranged in sequence, followed by any number of bulky threads (7).

In FIG. 3A, 3B and 3C show several other weaving patterns in which the warp structure (6) of the fabric is completely formed using bulk yarn (7). However, the weft structure (5) may comprise all stiff yarns (8) or a combination of stiff yarns (8) and bulky yarns (7) arranged in a specific pattern. For example, in the weft structure (5) the stiff yarn (8) and the bulky yarn (7) may alternate, or there may be only the bulky yarn (7) or only the stiff yarn (8), or any number of stiff yarns (8) arranged in succession, followed by any number of successively arranged bulky threads (7).

In FIG. 4A and 4B show weaving patterns in which the warp structure (6) of the fabric is made entirely of stiff yarn (8). Here the weft structure (5) can either be made entirely of bulk yarn (7) or with an alternating arrangement of bulk yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8).

In FIG. 5A and 5B show weaving patterns in which the warp structure (6) is designed such that any individual warp yarn (6A) can be made from either a bulky yarn (7) or a stiff yarn (8). Such warp yarns (6A) are laid in a pattern in which the warp yarns (6A) are entirely made of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8). It is also possible that several warp threads (6A) made entirely of bulky yarn (7) are laid out sequentially before introducing warp threads (6A) made entirely of stiff yarn (8). In combination with such a warp structure pattern (6), the weft structure (5) comprises a fully bulky yarn (7) or a stiff yarn (8). Alternatively, the weft structure (5) may comprise alternately laid strands of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8).

In FIG. 6A, 6B and 6C show additional weaving patterns in which the warp structure (6) is designed such that at least one warp yarn (6A) can be formed by a combination of a bulky yarn (7) and a stiff yarn (8), i.e. one of two strands (6B or 6C) of the warp is a bulk strand (7), and the other strand (6C or 6B) is a hard strand. The fabric may have any number of such warp threads laid sequentially or in an alternating pattern with warp threads (6A) that are made entirely of stiff yarn. Such warp yarns (6A) (6A) are laid in a pattern in which bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8) alternate. In combination with such a warp structure (6), the weft structure (5) contains a fully bulky yarn (7) or a stiff yarn (8). Alternatively, the weft structure (5) may comprise alternating strands of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8).

In FIG. 7A, 7B and 7C show additional weaving patterns in which the warp structure (6) is designed such that at least one warp yarn (6A) can be formed by a combination of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8), that is, any of two strands (6B or 6C) of the warp is a bulk strand (7), and the other strand (6C or 6B) is a hard strand. In this embodiment, the warp structure (6) also includes a warp yarn (6A), where both warp strands (6B, 6C) are made from a bulky yarn (7). The fabric may have warp yarns of any of the above two types laid sequentially or in an alternating pattern with warp yarns (6A) of the other type. In combination with such a warp structure pattern (6), the weft structure pattern (5) comprises a fully bulky yarn (7) or a stiff yarn (8). Alternatively, the weft structure (5) may comprise alternating strands of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8).

The stiff yarn (8) used in the leno fabric of the present invention may be any type of cut film tape or monofilament yarn. The rigid yarn may be fibrillated or twisted, or a simple cut film strip made of a polymeric material, preferably a polyolefin. In a particular case, stiff yarn can be made from biodegradable material. Bulky threads (7), due to their internal structure, help to increase the softness of the fabric made from the yarn, but at the same time increase friction with neighboring threads, which is necessary for the structural strength of the fabric. The unique combination of bulky yarn (7) and stiff yarn (8) in the warp yarns (6A) provides greater stability and structural integrity throughout the material. The denier range of the stiff yarn (8) used in the invention is from 50 to 1200, and the width is from 0.5 mm to 12 mm.

Bulky yarns (7) are yarns that have been processed to provide additional loft or apparent volume over regular count yarns of the same base material with a traditional twist, often these bulky yarns are referred to as Bulky Cow Yarns (BCF) . BCF yarn includes any continuous fiber yarn in which the smooth straight fibers have been displaced from their closely packed parallel position by imparting some form of curl, curve, loop, or spiral. Increasing the volume imparts aesthetic properties to the yarn by changing the surface characteristics and creating space between the fibers. The fabric is also more absorbent and comfortable, and has better loft, curl and elasticity. These properties are important to protect goods during storage/transport. The fabric allows air and moisture to pass through better and accumulates less static electricity. Bulky yarn does not delaminate or fray.

In one aspect of the invention, the bulky yarn (7) can be made from a biodegradable material or a combination thereof with man-made fibers. A single bulk yarn component will typically have a denier of about 100 to 2000, however it is preferable to use yarn components with a denier of 150 to 5000.

There are three classes of bulky yarn: high volume or bulky yarn, stretch yarn and textured yarn.

Bulky yarns can be formed from fibers that are bulky in nature, such as fibers containing cavities along part or all of their length, or yarns from fibers that cannot be tightly packed due to their cross-sectional shape, fiber arrangement, stiffness , elasticity or natural crimp. High volume yarns are used in a wide range of products - from carpeting to underwear and sweaters to shoelaces. However, their use in leno fabrics for storing perishables and other goods is unknown.

Elastic yarn is a thermoplastic yarn or yarn with a high degree of potential elastic stretch (30-100%), fast recovery and a high degree of crimp. Elastic yarn has moderate bulk. Stretch yarn (nylon) is widely used in men's and women's hosiery, tights, tights, swimwear, knitwear, however, it is not known to be used in making leno fabric for storing/transporting goods.

The bulk yarn used can be of two main categories: i) continuous multi-filament textured yarn and ii) staple fiber yarn. Textured yarns are produced using a conventional texturing or air texturing process. The air texturing process uses compressed air to change the texture of the yarn by fraying and looping the fibers that make up the bulk structure of the yarn. Bulky air-textured yarns are typically made from inexpensive polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, or similar materials.

Textured yarn is a general term for any continuous filament yarn whose smooth straight fibers have been displaced from their tightly packed parallel position by introducing some form of crimp, curl, loop, or helix. Textured yarn can be made from either filament fiber or staple fiber formed from yarns that have been given a specific type of textured configuration. Most textured yarns are made from filament fibers. Textured yarns can be uniform in shape and smooth in appearance like plain yarns, they can be discontinuous and have some similarity to the structure of filament yarns. Texturing imparts the aesthetic properties of spun yarn to slippery fibers by changing the surface characteristics and creating space between the fibers. This provides the fabric with greater breathability, moisture permeability, increased absorbency, greater comfort and reduced static build-up.

Textured yarn is a general term for fibers that have been given noticeably greater apparent volume or bulk than conventional yarns of the same thread count, or that have become more extensible due to deformation of the yarns through physical, chemical, or thermal treatment, or a combination thereof. Texturing produces stable deformations, bends, loops, turns, or folds without disrupting the essential continuity of the threads. This improves the texture of the yarn. Texturing gives the yarn a soft, fuzzy feel and also enhances the warmth and comfort of the fabric. Loops and curls create many small air pockets. The fibers prevent air movement and hold the fabric together. In the case of leno fabrics, which are used in particular for the storage of perishable products, the softness of the fabric is of great importance to reduce damage to the goods during storage and/or transport.

The main purpose of texturing filament yarn is to create a three-dimensional structure, which is preferred for the following reasons.

- The cavities in the structure determine the good insulating properties of the materials.

- The cavities in the structure change the density of the material, which makes it light with good flat properties.

- The misoriented surface of the yarn makes the light reflection diffuse, creating the preferred matte appearance.

- The spongy structure feels softer than thin, low-twist yarn.

- The structure of a crimped thread reduces the effective modulus of elasticity compared to a flat thread.

Man-made textured yarn is a fully drawn, fully oriented multi-filament yarn with a soft crimp, high bulk and cottony feel, and very high tenacity and holding properties. It is produced by texturing partially oriented yarns on high-speed texturing machines. The textured filament yarn can be a draw-textured yarn or a blow-textured yarn. Yarns produced using aerodynamic texturing are called aerodynamic texturing yarns (ATY - Air Textured Yarns). The airfoil texturing process is a completely mechanical process that uses a blast of cold air to produce bulky, low-stretch yarns. Air-textured yarns have high bulk with long-lasting crimp and loops. In aerodynamic texturing yarns, man-made yarns can be combined with yarns made from natural fibers.

Yarn can be subjected to various treatments: twisting, stretching and loosening, air blasting, crimping, crimp rounding, crimping using heated gears, and crimping using chamber processing.

Another type of bulky yarn can be produced from staple fibers. Staple fibers are shorter in length, usually only a few inches. They are twisted together to form longer threads. The two main types of staple fiber yarns are conventional ring-spun yarns and friction-spun yarns. Friction spun yarns are produced by friction spinning processes such as Dref, which are characterized by the production of large diameter bulky yarns.

The dimensional rigidity of the bag structure according to the invention is provided by stiff yarn (8) (see Fig. 2A), which can be monofilament, cut film tape, twisted cut film tape, sized yarn, etc.

The bag fabric can be made using a conventional flat loom or a circular leno loom.

The improved open structure mesh fabric produced in accordance with the solution described herein can be further improved by using several different yarns/fibers (geometry, type, cross-section and combination thereof) as well as a textile structure formed in one or another specific ok. The engineered arrangement of radically different yarn types directly contributes to improved spatial structure and mechanical properties.

However, when tested under cyclic loading, the traditional leno fabric made from plastic tape showed dimensional distortions of 4 to 12%, while the leno fabric according to the invention, having a combination of bulky yarn and stiff yarn as the warp of the fabric, showed only minor dimensional distortions, which led to a more stable structure.

The following are some other aspects of the invention.

In particular, stiff yarn and bulky yarn can be made using artificial yarn. In another aspect of the invention, the bulky yarn or the stiff yarn, or both, may be biodegradable. In another further aspect of the invention, the yarn may contain a dye or additive or inorganic filler or processing aid or ultraviolet stabilizer.

The total weight of the leno fabric of the present invention is less than 120 g/m ² .

Although the above description contains specific features, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but as illustrating preferred embodiments thereof. It should be understood that modifications and changes are possible based on the above description without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined not by the illustrative embodiments, but by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

Claims (12)

1. A bag of mesh leno fabric with an open structure, the fabric having a warp structure (6) formed from warp threads (6A) and a weft structure (5) formed from weft threads (5A), said warp threads (6A). consist of two strands (6B, 6C) of the warp, namely the first strand (6B) of the warp and the second strand (6C) of the warp, while these two strands (6B, 6C) of the warp are intertwined to form loops (L) so that through each the specified loop (L) is passed by one weft thread (5A), characterized in that one of the two specified strands (6B, 6C) of the warp is made of bulky yarn (7), and the other strand (6C or 6B) is made of stiff yarn (8 ). 2. A bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid yarn (8) is such as monofilament, or a tape made of a polymer material, or a twisted tape made from a cut film, or a sized yarn. 3. The bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulk yarn (7) is a high bulk multifilament yarn, or a high bulk staple fiber yarn, or an elastic yarn, or a textured yarn, or a combination thereof. 4. The bag according to claim 1, characterized in that all the weft threads (5A) are made of bulky yarn. 5. The bag according to claim 1, characterized in that all the weft threads (5A) are made of stiff yarn. 6. The bag according to claim 1, characterized in that some weft threads (5A) are made of bulky yarn, and other weft threads (5A) are made of stiff yarn. 7. Bag according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the denier of the bulk yarn (7) is from 150 to 3000. 8. The bag according to claim 3, characterized in that the texturing of said textured yarn is accomplished by twisting, stretching and loosening, air blasting, crimping, crimp rounding, crimping using heated gears, and crimping using chamber processing. . 9. A bag according to claim 2, characterized in that the stiff yarn (8) has a denier from 50 to 1200 and a width from 0.5 mm to 12 mm. 10. The bag according to claim 3, characterized in that the staple fiber yarn is a ring-spun yarn or a friction-spun yarn. 11. A bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulky yarn (7) and/or the stiff yarn (8) is biodegradable. 12. A bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulky yarn (7) and/or the stiff yarn (8) contains a dye, or an additive, or an inorganic filler, or a processing aid, or an ultraviolet radiation stabilizer.

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