RU22032U1 - DEVICE FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The device for osteosynthesis, made in the form of a plate of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm with holes for germination of fibrous tissue, equipped with means for attaching the plate to the bone, characterized in that the plate is made in the form of a mesh consisting of intertwined between themselves threads from the plate material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate is made of a titanium alloy with ductility from 14 to 32%. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grid cell area is 0.6-2.5 mm, and their density is 16-64 cells / cm.

Description

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to traumatology and orthopedics and can be used for internal fixation of bone fractures.

In the practice of surgery for internal fixation of fractures, implants made of titanium and its alloys have spread, which provide direct bonding and almost complete immobility of bone fragments relative to each other, which, along with high biological inertness of titanium and its alloys, minimizes the inflammatory response of surrounding tissues, accelerates the healing process and avoids the undesirable consequences of prolonged immobilization G.S. Yumashev, S.Z. Gorshkov, L.L. Silin, Traematology and Orthopedics: Textbook, ed. M., Medicine, 1990.

A device for osteosynthesis with a wire is known, including; its tension and twisting mechanisms, by which, after processing the surgical field and open mapping of fragments, a titanium wire is drawn around the bone in the plane of its cross section. The free ends of the wire through a puncture of soft tissues separate from the main wound are displayed on the surface of the skin and are fixed in the tension mechanism. When the tension mechanism rotates, the wire is pulled,

compressing the fragments enclosed in the loop to the required level recorded by the compression indicator. After creating the necessary amount of compression of the fragments, the twisting mechanism is rotated in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wire, which ensures twisting of the ends of the wire. Excess wire bites. Patent RU, No. 2038053, op. 06.27.95, A61B 17/58, Device for osteosynthesis with wire. .

However, the known device for wire osteosynthesis is intended for osteosynthesis of fractures with a large fracture plane and for joining large fragments and bone fragments, which narrows the scope of its application.

The main disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of the bond, since the wire does not provide a sufficiently rigid connection along the axis of the bone. Another drawback is its high morbidity due to the small contact area of the wire with the surface of the bonded bone, which leads to damage to the latter.

In addition, this device cannot be used to fix bone fragments in fractures with a small fracture plane, as well as in small-fragmented fractures.

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2 Closest to the claimed technical essence and

the achieved result is a device for osteosynthesis, made in the form of a thin perforated plate of titanium grade Grade 1-4 according to ASTM US Patent No. 5346492, on. 09/13/94, A61F 2/28.

A perforated titanium plate is cut out depending on the required size. It is preliminarily bent on a breadboard repeating the bone profile, and then placed on top of the damaged bone, and bone fragments are fixed with screws passing inside the plate openings.

The implementation of the device for osteosynthesis in the form of a perforated plate of titanium allows you to use it for fastening bone fragments with a small plane of fracture, as well as with comminuted fractures. Perforated plates provide high reliability of the bonding of bone fragments.

However, thin titanium perforated plates are poorly modeled, i.e. low ability when bending to take the form of a complex three-dimensional geometric shape, which is the bone. Therefore, in the process of bonding, this material does not provide a snug fit to the bone over the entire surface and uniform compression (compression) of the bone. Subsequent rigid fastening with screws can lead to additional mechanical stresses in the bone, which increases the invasiveness.

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3 In addition, this device cannot be used for fixing

bone fractures in a young growing body. Rigid attachment interferes with the natural growth (lengthening and thickening) of the bone and causes abnormal structural changes in the bone.

The utility model is based on the task of expanding the functionality of the device for osteosynthesis by using it to fix bone fragments with a small fracture plane, with small-fragmented fractures and with osteosynthesis of the bones of a growing organism, ensuring reliability and low trauma.

The problem is solved in that in the device for osteosynthesis, made in the form of a plate of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.5 mm with holes for the germination of fibrous tissue, equipped with | means for attaching the plate to the bone, the plate is made in the form of a grid consisting of interwoven strands of plate material.

At the same time, the plate is made of titanium alloy with ductility from 14 to 32%.

The mesh cell area is 0.6 - 2.5 mm, and their density is 16-64 cells / cm.

The implementation of the locking device in the form of a grid consisting of interwoven strands of each other, can significantly increase its simulability during application to the fracture region at

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preservation of strength properties due to its bulk elastic structure.

In addition, the elastic-elastic structure of the claimed device allows its use in osteosynthesis of bones of a growing organism.

On Fig, 1 shows a fragment of a grid made by one of the possible methods of weaving; in FIG. 2 - longitudinal section of the grid; in FIG. 3 - a fragment of bone fixed by a grid.

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The device for osteosynthesis is made in the form of a mesh 1, consisting of interwoven threads 2 made of titanium or its alloys. The inner side 3 of the mesh 1 adjacent to the bone has a relief, and the outer (distal) side 4 has a relatively smooth surface. The mesh 1 is fixed on the bone 5 by a titanium thread 6.

Threads 2 have a thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, which provides a specific strength of 4.0 - 5.0 kg / dm to 95 - 100 kg / dm. Moreover, the yarn 2 can be made both mono - and multifilament, depending on the requirements for the mechanical properties of the mesh used.

At the same time, the mesh thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the cell sizes are adjustable from 0.5 - 0.8 mm to 2.0 - 2.5 mm.

Fixation of bone fragments using the inventive device is as follows.

Depending on the type and location of the fracture, mesh 1 of the required size and stiffness is selected. The mesh 1 in the free position should be 10 - 15% shorter than the length of the cross-sectional profile of the bone, and completely cover its damaged fragments in width.

After processing the surgical field with one of the known methods, the mesh 1 is wrapped around the bone 5, the edges of the mesh 1 are joined end-to-end, providing the necessary tension and stitched together with titanium thread 6. Subsequently, the porous structure of the mesh 1 grows with a fibrous tissue, creating a strong structure.

Thus, the claimed design features of the device for osteosynthesis provide enhanced functionality while ensuring high reliability of fixing bone fragments and reducing trauma. 6

Claims (3)

1. The device for osteosynthesis, made in the form of a plate of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm with holes for germination of fibrous tissue, equipped with means for attaching the plate to the bone, characterized in that the plate is made in the form of a mesh consisting of intertwined between themselves strands of plate material.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate is made of a titanium alloy with ductility from 14 to 32%. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grid cell area is 0.6-2.5 mm ² and their density is 16-64 cells / cm ² .