RU220291U9 - OUTSIDE SPRING FOR SPRING SUSPENSION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport, relates to the spring suspension of three-axle bogies of freight cars and relates to the outer springs of the spring set.

The technical result is decided by choosing the outer diameter (D) of the outer spring for spring suspension, which is in the range from 217.5 mm to 222.5 mm, and the diameter (d) of the outer spring rod for spring suspension, equal to 40 mm, installed in the spring hanging under the bolster, which will make it possible to create an external spring structure for a three-axle railway car bogie with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, will retain operational properties and will not collapse.

An outer spring for spring suspension is a twisted cylindrical one, containing working and support coils, made with a free height in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm, characterized in that it has a rod diameter of 40 mm, an outer diameter ranging from 217.5 mm up to 222.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring turns (t), defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in a free state (H _St ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working turns of the spring, is in the range from 59.36 mm to 61 .77 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf. 3 salary f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, relates to the spring suspension of three-axle bogies of freight cars and relates to the outer springs of the spring set.

From the prior art, from the Internet (see Fig. 1, 2 and 3), the design of a spring for spring suspension is known, external twisted cylindrical with a free height of 265 mm, with an outer diameter of 214 mm, with an inner diameter of 142 mm, and the diameter of its rod, defined as the difference between the outer and inner diameters of the spring, is 36 mm (date of publication November 28, 2021), links:

- https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-naruzhnaya-522-30-008-0;

- https://web.archive.org/web/20211015000000*/https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-naruzhnaya-522-30-008-0;

- https://web.archive.org/web/20211128151628/https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-naruzhnaya-522-30-008-0.

The disadvantage of this spring is the loss of the operational properties of the spring when it is used in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf. This conclusion follows from the fact that this spring has a rod diameter of 36 mm and an outer diameter of 214 mm. It has been experimentally established that when used in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, the outer spring with the above geometric dimensions will touch the coils and further destroy it, which indicates the low strength of this spring . If the spring breaks, the spring suspension will lose its working damping capacity, which during operation will adversely affect the bogie and the railway car as a whole. In addition, the destruction of the spring during its operation can lead to an emergency situation, including the derailment of the railway rolling stock.

This technical solution was adopted as a prototype.

The technical problem is to develop the design of an external spring for spring suspension, devoid of the above disadvantage.

The technical result is decided by choosing the outer diameter (D) of the outer spring for spring suspension, which is in the range from 217.5 mm to 222.5 mm, and the diameter (d) of the outer spring rod for spring suspension, equal to 40 mm, installed in the spring hanging under the bolster, which will make it possible to create an external spring design for a three-axle bogie of a railway car with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, which will retain its operational properties and will not collapse. The interval from 217.5 mm to 222.5 mm was selected experimentally and is determined by the outer diameter of the outer spring, selected at nominal value and equal to 220 mm, and the fact that tolerances of ±2.5 mm on the nominal outer diameter of the outer spring are taken into account. Tolerances for the outer diameter of the outer spring are established by GOST 1452 “Cylindrical and screw springs for bogies and shock-traction devices of railway rolling stock.”

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the outer spring for spring suspension, a twisted cylindrical one, contains working and support coils, is made with a free height in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm, has a rod diameter of 40 mm, an outer diameter in the range from 217 .5 mm to 222.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring coils (t) is defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in the free state (H _St ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working coils of the spring, and is in the range from 59, 36 mm to 61.77 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a design static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf.

The outer spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 60S2HFA.

The outer spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 60C2A.

The outer spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 55S2-3B.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by figures.

In fig. 1, a print screen was taken from the free service “Web archive” with the date of publication of the outer spring No. 522.30.008.

In fig. 2 and fig. 3, screenshots were taken from the free service “Web archive” with images of the outer spring No. 522.30.008.

In fig. Figure 4 shows a general view of the outer spring for spring suspension.

In fig. Figure 5 shows a section of the outer spring for spring suspension.

Positions on the figures:

1 - outer spring.

Below is a calculation of the pitch interval of the coils of the outer spring 1 for spring suspension.

where t is the pitch of the turns of the outer spring 1;

H _St - the height of the outer spring 1 in the free state. It was selected empirically and is in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm. The interval from 262 mm to 271 mm is determined by the height of the outer spring 1 selected at nominal value and equal to 265 mm and the fact that tolerances are taken into account: +6 mm and -3 mm for the nominal height of the outer spring 1. The tolerance for the height of the outer spring 1 is set GOST 1452 “Cylindrical and screw springs of bogies and shock-traction devices of rolling stock of railways” to the height of the outer spring 1;

d = 40 mm - diameter of the outer spring rod 1, selected experimentally;

n=3.74 - working number of turns of the outer spring 1.

The working number of turns of the outer spring 1 is calculated in accordance with GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel” and taking into account:

- application in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf;

- nominal height ℓ ₀ of the outer spring 1 in a free state, equal to 265 mm;

- the magnitude of the working stroke of the outer spring 1, located in the height range of the outer spring 1 from the height ℓ _i2 equal to 215 mm to the height ℓ _i1 equal to 254 mm, determined experimentally;

- spring force at preliminary deformation and spring force 1 at working deformation, which are taken depending on the load of spring 1, and spring force 1 at maximum deformation, which is specified according to GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel ";

- the stiffness of one turn of the outer spring 1, selected according to GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel.”

Let us calculate the pitch of the turns of the outer spring 1 using formula (1) at H _St = 262 mm.

t = ,

t = 59.36 mm.

Let us calculate the pitch of the turns of the outer spring 1 using formula (1) at H _St = 271 mm.

t = ,

t = 61.77 mm.

Thus, the pitch of the turns of the outer spring 1 (t) is in the range from 59.36 mm to 61.77 mm.

The outer spring 1 for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grades: 60S2HFA, 60S2A, 55S2-3B. A metal that is subjected to tension or, conversely, compression (elastic deformation) after the acting forces are removed from it must remain in its original shape (without residual deformation). Therefore, spring steel grades such as: 60S2HFA, 60S2A, 55S2-3B, characterized by an increased yield strength δ _in and elasticity, allow external springs 1, made from these steel grades, to withstand mechanical loads without changing their original shape.

A pilot batch of a utility model was produced, which passed pilot tests and confirmed its advantages.

Claims (4)

1. An outer spring for spring suspension is a twisted cylindrical one, containing working and support coils, made with a free height in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm, characterized in that it has a rod diameter of 40 mm, an outer diameter in the range from 217, 5 mm to 222.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring turns (t), defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in a free state (H _St ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working turns of the spring, is in the range from 59.36 mm up to 61.77 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf. 2. Outer spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 60S2HFA. 3. Outer spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 60C2A. 4. Outer spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 55S2-3B.