RU2202641C2 - Device for cleaning gas flow from mercury vapor and solid admixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: demercurization process; cleaning gas flows from mercury and solid admixtures; solid mercurycontaining waste demercurization plants. SUBSTANCE: proposed device has vertical cylindrical housing with cooling jacket and branch pipes for inlet and outlet of cooling medium, tangential nozzle inlet with branch for feeding the working medium, tube mounted at the top of housing and connected with swirler, diffuser secured in lower portion of housing, expansion chamber which is simultaneously used as mercury and solid admixture receiver with discharge branch pipe and hatch with cover. Mounted in upper portion of housing is tangential nozzle inlet ; housing is made in form of cylinder with diffuser and expansion chamber in its lower portion; cleaned gas discharge branch pipe is fitted on expansion chamber above diffuser. Proposed device exclude penetration of mercury and solid admixtures to second stage of cleaning (adsorption filter) and leakage of contaminated gas due to rarefaction in cleaning zone. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of demercurization and is intended for purification of a gas stream from mercury vapor and solid impurities in a plant for demercurization of solid mercury-containing waste, but can also be used for purification of a gas stream in other industries.

 A device for gas purification (1) is known, comprising first and second sections connected in series, the working elements of which are built into a vertical cylindrical body, a purified gas outlet located in the lower part of the body, a trap for collecting trapped impurities, the first section with a side input being a phase inertial-gravity type separator, the second section is a direct-flow centrifugal type separator with a gas bypass channel made in the form of an injector. A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to use it to clean the gas stream from mercury vapor, therefore, despite the large number of common features with the claimed invention, it cannot be accepted as a prototype.

 A device for cleaning a gas stream from mercury vapor (2), including a vertically located housing with a cooling jacket, a pipe for supplying a cleaned gas, a pipe for removing purified gas and a condensate collector. This device in combination of design and functionality is closest to the claimed invention, therefore, taken as a prototype.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the low cleaning efficiency, the inability to simultaneously purify the gas stream from mercury vapor and solid impurities, the presence of excess pressure in the system.

 The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that in the known device, including a vertically located housing with a cooling jacket, a pipe for supplying a cleaned gas and a pipe for removing purified gas, a condensate collector of mercury and solid impurities, a tangential nozzle inlet for the working medium is installed in the upper part of the housing, the housing made in the form of a cylinder with a diffuser and an expansion chamber in the lower part, the nozzle for supplying the gas to be cleaned is made in the form of a tube connected to a swirl, the condensate collector is one TERM collection of solids and is in the form of expansion chamber and discharging purified gas pipe installed on the expansion chamber above the diffuser.

 The inventive design provides environmentally friendly high-quality cleaning of the gas stream from mercury vapor and solid impurities with a minimum size of the device.

 A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution and prototype showed that the claimed technical solution has a number of features that do not coincide with the prototype, namely, a tangential nozzle input for the working medium is installed in the upper part of the housing, the housing is made in the form of a cylinder with a diffuser and an expansion chamber in the lower part, the pipe for supplying the gas to be cleaned is made in the form of a tube connected to a swirler, the condensate collector is simultaneously a collector of solid impurities and is made in the form of an expansion chamber, and the outlet of the cleaned gas outlet is mounted on the expansion chamber above the diffuser, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty".

 A comparative analysis of the claimed invention with other technical solutions showed that inertial phase separators, for example, various types of cyclones, are widely used in technology. The use of vortex ejectors is also known, but only in the aggregate of features can the problem be solved - an environmentally safe purification of the gas stream from mercury vapor and solid impurities, which makes it possible to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 Figure 1 shows a device for cleaning a gas stream from mercury vapor and solid impurities, figure 2 is a view aa of figure 1.

 The device consists of a vertically mounted cylindrical body 1 with a cooling jacket 2 with nozzles 3 and 4, respectively, for introducing and discharging a cooling medium, a tangential nozzle inlet 5 with a nozzle 6 for supplying a working medium mounted on top of a tube 7 connected to a swirl 8, a diffuser 9, fixed in the lower part of the housing 1, of the expansion chamber 10, which is simultaneously a collection of mercury and solid impurities, with a discharge pipe 11 and a hatch 12 with a cover 13.

 The device operates as follows.

 In the cooling jacket 2 through the nozzle 3 serves a cooling medium, which is discharged through the nozzle 4. Through the nozzle 6 into the tangential nozzle inlet 5 serves a working medium in which it is twisted and flows into the housing 1. The swirling flow of the working medium creates a vacuum in the axial part of the housing 1 , which ensures the suction of the gas to be cleaned, which is pre-twisted, passing through the swirler 8, and through the tube 7 enters the housing 1, where it is captured by a swirling flow of the working medium. In this case, solid impurities and mercury vapors are thrown onto the walls of the casing, where mercury vapors condense and fall together with the solid impurities into the collector 10, and the gas being cleaned, passing through the diffuser 9 and entering the expansion chamber 10, loses its rotation speed and enters through the outlet pipe 11 to the next cleaning step. To remove accumulated impurities from the collection 10, the lid 13 is periodically opened and removed from the device through the hatch 12.

 The inventive device provides effective purification of the gas stream not only from mercury vapor, but also from solid impurities, excluding their ingress to the second stage of purification (adsorption filter). In addition, the claimed design eliminates the leakage of gas contaminated with mercury vapors due to the creation of rarefaction gas in the passage zone of the crude gas.

 The device can be used for cleaning other media from various impurities.

Sources of information
1. Patent 2140825. MKI B 04 C 3/04. "Device for gas purification."

 2. Device for cleaning the gas stream from mercury vapor of the installation of demercurization of mercury lamps UDM-300, drawing 679.005IE.

Claims (1)

 A device for cleaning a gas stream from mercury vapors and solid impurities, including a vertically located body with a cooling jacket, a purged gas supply pipe and a purified gas discharge pipe, a mercury condensate and solid impurities collector, characterized in that a tangential nozzle inlet is installed in the upper part of the body for working medium, the housing is made in the form of a cylinder with a diffuser and an expansion chamber in the lower part, the nozzle for supplying the gas to be cleaned is made in the form of a tube connected to a swirl, the collector ensata is both solids collection and is in the form of expansion chamber and discharging purified gas pipe installed on the expansion chamber above the diffuser.

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