RU2201294C1 - Method of forming air-and-liquid flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treatment of surfaces and plants; introduction of liquid into high-velocity air flow and transportation of it to surface being treated. SUBSTANCE: proposed method consists in smooth application of sprayed liquid on surface being treated over entire covering area, for example in sprinkler plants used for treatment of surfaces with fertilizers or protective agents. Proposed method ensures smooth application of flow over entire covering surface without dead zone keeping plants being treated intact. Liquid is introduced in air flow at strict adherence to ratio of flow rate and velocities of escape of air from ventilator and liquid from injector; flow in nozzle is divided into jets of different directions and different width reducing width of outlet section from upper jet to lower one. Flow is divided into jets of different directions by means of baffles located at different angles relative to surface being treated. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The method of creating an air-liquid flow relates to the treatment of surfaces and plants and is used when introducing liquid into a high-speed air stream and transporting it to the surface to be treated. The proposed method is intended for applying spray liquid to the surface to be treated and can be used in all sectors of the economy where it is necessary to obtain an air-liquid flow and evenly distribute the applied substance over the entire working width. For example, in irrigation plants or in sprayers for cultivating agricultural land with fertilizers or protective equipment.

 When watering or treating plants, it is difficult to form a wide-spreading jet, in which the speed of contact between the stream and plants would not exceed 5 m / s over the entire working width. At speeds above this plant are damaged and die.

 Known methods for forming a jet in long-range high-pressure sprinkler installations, when one jet formed by a powerful pump, transports moisture over a large distance from the source of liquid.

 With this method, the liquid enters the surface in a circle. A dead zone forms around the sprinkler. It is difficult to adjust the speed of contact of the jet with the plants, which does not damage them.

 There are also known methods of creating and distributing fluid flows during irrigation, sprinkling and plant protection using wide-sprinkler irrigation machines of the Volzhanka type, where the flow is distributed into hinged pipes with small openings. The fluid is transported directly to the plants at a rate that does not damage the plants.

 This method requires bulky, difficult to manufacture and operate machines and the presence of special channels for forming a flow by pumping liquid from these channels. Liquid transportation is difficult due to clogged pipes and holes.

 The closest in technical essence is the method of spraying liquid substances according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2056952 from 04/05/93, IPC 6 V 05 V 7/04, including the supply of liquid to the spray device, followed by crushing the liquid and transporting it with a gas stream. The method is intended for spraying and use mainly for spraying crops. This method is applicable for low-volume spraying.

 The objective of the proposed technical solution is to develop a method of creating an air-liquid flow, capable of providing the maximum emission range of the air-liquid mixture and its transportation to the work surface over the entire working width from the maximum possible to the minimum necessary without a "dead zone" and minimal damage to plants with minimal energy consumption. over the entire width of the grip.

,
где G_в - расход воздуха, кг/с;
G_ж - расход жидкости, кг/с,
и скоростей истечения воздуха из вентилятора и жидкости из форсунки

,
где V_возд - скорость истечения воздуха из вентилятора;
V_жидк - скорость истечения жидкости из форсунки,
делят поток в сопле на разнонаправленные струи с разной шириной, уменьшая ширину выходного сечения струй от верхней струи к нижней струе.The problem is solved due to the fact that when creating an air-liquid flow, including accelerating the intake air stream, introducing liquid into the dispersed air stream, dividing the stream in the nozzle into jets, introducing liquid into the air stream while observing the air / liquid flow ratios within

,
where G _in - air flow, kg / s;
G _f - flow rate, kg / s,
and air flow rates from the fan and nozzle fluid

,
where V _air - the rate of flow of air from the fan;
V _fluid - the rate of fluid flow from the nozzle,
divide the stream in the nozzle into multidirectional jets with different widths, reducing the width of the output section of the jets from the upper jet to the lower jet.

The introduction of liquid into the air stream, subject to the above air / liquid flow ratios and the selected ratio of the air flow rates from the fan V _air and the liquid from the nozzle V _liquid, allows for optimal energy consumption to create an air-liquid flow capable of providing the maximum discharge distance and transportation of the required amount of liquid to the processed surface.

 The formation of an air-liquid flow with different widths, decreasing from the upper jet to the lower one, allows to obtain flat jets from a single stream with an individual, from the maximum possible to the minimum necessary, range of transporting liquid to the surface at the same speed in all streams, not more than 5 m / c.

 The direction of the jets by arranging partitions that divide the stream into jets, at different angles to the surface to be treated, allows for multidirectional jets. This makes it possible to distribute the liquid across the entire width of the grip without a "dead zone".

 The drawing shows the distribution of the jets along the surface to be treated, where 1 is the dispersed stream, 2 is the multidirectional stream, 3 is the surface to be treated, 4 is the output section of the jets, 5 is the partition, 6 is the nozzle.

 The set of features of the proposed method is new and allows for optimal energy consumption to provide a different range of emission of the air-liquid mixture from the maximum possible to the minimum necessary at the same contact speed at the treated surface over the entire working width.

и скоростей истечения воздуха из вентилятора и жидкости из форсунки

.The method is as follows. The suction air flow is accelerated by the fan to a speed of V _air , and the pump fluid to a speed of V _fluid . The liquid is introduced into the stream of dispersed air, subject to the ratios of the flow rate of air / liquid within

and air flow rates from the fan and nozzle fluid

.

капли жидкости сливаются и выпадают из потока воздуха, не достигнув максимальной дальности, регламентированным соотношением.Within these limits (with a droplet diameter of 0.2 ... 0.4 mm), the air-liquid jet obeys the laws of gas jets and its range slightly increases due to the inertia of the droplets. At

drops of liquid merge and fall out of the air stream, not reaching the maximum range, regulated by the ratio.

приводит к потере кинетической энергии более скоростной струи и, следовательно, неоправданными затратами энергии для ее разгона.Deviation from the ratio

leads to the loss of kinetic energy of a faster jet and, consequently, unjustified expenditure of energy for its acceleration.

At V _air > V _liquid, there are losses due to droplet crushing.

At V _air <V, _liquid droplets become larger and earlier fall out of the stream.

 The flow is divided into multidirectional jets of different widths in the nozzle mechanically, placing partitions in the flow at different angles to the surface being treated, thereby ensuring different direction of the jets at the same speed of meeting with the surface being treated no more than 5 m / s.

 The different range of transporting the liquid by the jet to the surface being machined is determined by the different widths of the flat jets formed by the deflecting baffles. The larger the width of the outlet section of the jet, the greater the range of the jet at the same rate of flow from the outlet section.

 Reducing the width of the outlet cross section of the jets from the upper jet to the lower one, they provide a different range of the ejection of the air-liquid mixture from the maximum possible to the minimum necessary at the same speed at the treated surface over the entire working width.

 Thus, the treated surface is covered over the entire width of the capture liquid transported by the jets, from the source of the air-liquid flow to the maximum possible. The speed of meeting with the treated surface of all jets is the same and does not exceed 5 m / s.

Claims (2)

1. The method of creating an air-liquid flow, including accelerating the intake air stream, introducing liquid into the dispersed air stream, dividing the stream in the nozzle into jets, characterized in that the liquid is introduced into the air stream while observing the air / liquid flow ratios

where G _in - air flow in kg / s;
G _f - flow rate in kg / s,
and air flow rates from the fan and nozzle fluid

where V _air - the rate of flow of air from the fan, m / s;
V _fluid - the rate of fluid flow from the nozzle, m / s,
divide the stream in the nozzle into multidirectional jets with different widths, reducing the width of the output section of the jets from the upper jet to the lower jet.  2. The method of creating an air-liquid flow according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow is divided into multidirectional jets by dividing the flow by partitions located at different angles relative to the surface to be treated.