RU2200420C2 - Method for obtaining oil emulsion (variants), emulsion, preparation for feeding fish, method for obtaining oil emulsion for local application and oil emulsion for local application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry, butter and fats industry. SUBSTANCE: method for obtaining oil emulsion deals with obtaining oil bodies out of cell, washing oil bodies by obtain washed oil bodies containing whole oil bodies of similar size, shape and density and mixing washed oil bodies with liquid phase to obtain emulsion. Oil bodies are obtained from plant seeds due to their grinding, removal of solid substances out of ground seeds and separation of oil bodies' phase against watery phase. Emulsion obtained contains preparation of washed oil bodies of similar size, shape and density. It is obtained emulsion-covered preparation to feed fish. Oil emulsion could be, also, used as means of individual hygiene, food products and fodder products. The innovation enables to obtain stable emulsion due to application of washed oil bodies at the highest adsorptive capacity, more prolonged terms of storage and decreased allergic reaction. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 41 cl, 2 dwg, 22 ex, 13 tbl

Description

 The present invention provides new emulsions containing oil inclusions. The invention also provides a method for preparing such emulsions and their use in various household and industrial compositions.

 Emulsions are mixtures obtained from two mutually insoluble components. From these components, mixtures of a macroscopically uniform appearance can be obtained by selecting and mixing suitable mixing conditions. The most common type of emulsions are those in which the aqueous component and the lipophilic component are used and which in practice are often called oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. In oil-in-water emulsions, the lipophilic phase is dispersed in water, while in water-in-oil emulsions, the aqueous phase is dispersed in the lipophilic phase. Well-known household examples of emulsion-based compositions include mayonnaise, margarine, ice cream, cosmetic compositions, and paints. Emulsion systems are also widely used in industries such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, where it is often desirable to administer the active ingredients in the form of an emulsion.

 Typically, emulsions are prepared in the presence of many other substances in order to achieve the desired balance of emulsification, viscosity, stability and appearance. For example, obtaining an emulsion often requires at least one, and often a combination of several emulsifying agents. These agents disperse one immiscible phase into another and help stabilize emulsions. Emulsifiers include a wide variety of synthetic and natural ingredients. For example, monoglycerides and their chemical derivatives are widely used as emulsifiers in food products such as margarines and pastries. An example of a natural emulsifier is lecithin, a phospholipid present in egg yolk, which is commonly used in the preparation of mayonnaise. Active ingredients may also be included in the emulsion. This is especially important in compositions comprising active agents that are difficult to dissolve in aqueous solutions, such as certain vitamins and nucleotides. Active ingredients are also often formulated as emulsions in order to improve their stability. An example of an emulsion system comprising a pharmaceutical agent is described in US Pat. No. 5,602,183, which describes a wound healing composition comprising an anti-inflammatory agent. The foregoing gives an example of only a few of the many known components in practice that are included in emulsion compositions. A comprehensive review of emulsifying agents and their uses can be found in Becher P., Encyclopedia of Emulsion Technology, DekkerEd, 1983.

 In oilseeds, which include economically important crops such as soybeans, rape, sunflower and palm trees, the water-insoluble oil component is found in discrete subcellular structures, differently referred to in the literature as oil bodies, oleosomes, lipid bodies or spherosomes (Huang 1992, Ann. Rev. Plant. Mol. Biol., 43-177-200). In addition to a mixture of oils (triglycerides), which are chemically defined as glycerol and fatty acid esters, oil bodies include phospholipids and a number of related proteins, commonly referred to as oil body proteins. From a structural point of view, oil bodies are regarded as a triglyceride matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, which includes oil body proteins (Huang 1992, Ann. Rev. Plant. Mol. Biol., 43, 177-200). The vegetable oils present in the oil body fraction of these plant species are a mixture of various triglycerides, the exact composition of which depends on the type of plant from which the oil is derived. By combining classical methods of crossbreeding and genetic engineering, it became possible to control the oil composition of the seeds and expand the available set of compositions of vegetable oil. An overview of current efforts in this area can be found in Designer Oil Crops / Breeding, Processing and Biotechnology, D.J. Murphy Ed., 1994, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, Germany.

 Oils from plant seeds are used for various industrial purposes, especially in the production of food products, detergents and cosmetics. In order to obtain the vegetable oils used for this purpose, the seeds are ground or squeezed and then refined using methods such as organic extraction, resin reduction, neutralization, clarification and filtration. Water extraction of oilseeds has also been described (e.g., Embong and Jelen, 1977, Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J. 10: 239-243). Since the purpose of these methods according to previous practice is to obtain pure oil, oil bodies during their production processes lose their integrity. Thus, previously known emulsions derived from vegetable oils generally do not contain whole oil bodies.

 Although there are many areas where mineral-based products dominate the market in other applications, oils derived from plant sources and fossil sources are in direct competition with them. Lauryl oils, for example, are derived from mineral oil as well as coconut oil and more recently from rapeseed obtained by genetic engineering (Knauf V.C., 1994, Fat Sci. Techn., 96: 408). However, there is an ongoing and increasing need for biodegradable sources of raw materials.

 Plant oil body emulsions of the present invention have the advantage over mineral oil compositions in that they are obtained from a renewable and environmentally friendly source. US patents 5683710 and 5613583 describe emulsions, including lipid vesicles from oil plants. The emulsions described in these patents are prepared from relatively crude seed extracts and contain numerous seed components, including glycosylated and non-glycosylated proteins. The disadvantage of the emulsions to which these patents relate is that they include seed contaminants that give the emulsions many undesirable properties, which may include allergenicity and undesirable odor, taste, color and organoleptic characteristics. Due to the presence of such contaminants, the lipid vesicle preparations described in these patents have limited use.

 The present invention relates to new formulations of emulsions that contain oil bodies. The emulsion formulations of the invention can be prepared in non-toxic and edible forms. In addition, emulsion formulations are successfully prepared from oil body preparations, which are creamy in texture and therefore can be easily applied for many domestic and industrial purposes. It has been found that fractions of oily bodies of living cells are useful for the preparation of many new emulsion-based food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and industrial products. In general terms, the present invention provides an emulsion formulation comprising washed oil bodies obtained from a cell.

 The invention also provides methods for preparing emulsion formulations and the use of emulsion formulations in various household and industrial compositions.

 Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for preparing emulsion formulations, comprising: 1) obtaining oil bodies from a cell; 2) washing the oil bodies; 3) the conversion of washed oil bodies into an emulsion.

In a preferred embodiment, the washed oil body preparation is obtained from plant seeds, including rapeseed, soybeans, corn, and sunflower. Accordingly, the invention provides a method for preparing emulsion formulations from plant seeds, comprising
(a) grinding of plant seeds;
(b) removing solids from crushed seeds;
(c) separating the oil body phase from the aqueous phase;
(d) washing the oil body phase to obtain a washed oil body preparation;
(e) converting the washed oil body preparation to an emulsion.

 In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid phase is added to the seeds before or after the grinding of the seeds.

 In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation of emulsion (e) comprises adding a liquid phase to a washed oil body preparation.

 The emulsions of the invention can be used for a variety of purposes, including cooking and food products, pharmaceutical products, personal care products, and industrial products. The emulsion formulation of the invention is particularly suitable for the preparation of food products since it is non-toxic, creamy in texture and biodegradable.

 Additional objects, advantages, and characteristics of the present invention will become apparent after consideration of the accompanying illustrations and the following detailed description of the invention.

 In FIG. 1 shows a blue-colored gel gel preparation of washed oil bodies from seeds of white mustard, rapeseed (Brassica napus), soybeans, pumpkin, flax, sunflower, safflower and corn.

In FIG. 2A-2C depict brilliant blue stained gels showing protein profiles from fractions of various seeds obtained from Brassica napus (canola) (A), sunflower (B), and corn (C). The gels show the following fractions: (1) total grain protein (SCR), (2) decanted liquid phase (J), (3) non-washed oil bodies (LF1), (4) three washes with water (LF4), (5) four washes water and one washing with 100 mm Na ₂ CO ₃ (washed).

 As mentioned above, the present invention relates to emulsion compositions comprising oil bodies (inclusions) derived from cells. One of the objects of the invention provides an emulsion composition containing washed oil bodies.

 Another object of the invention provides a method for producing an emulsion formulation, comprising: 1) obtaining oil bodies from a cell; 2) washing the oil bodies; 3) the conversion of washed oil bodies into an emulsion.

A cell may be any cell containing oil bodies (or oil-body-like structures), including cells of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. In a preferred embodiment, oil bodies are derived from plant cells. Oil bodies can be obtained from plant cells by breaking membranes and cell walls using any method that releases cell components without significantly compromising the structural integrity of the oil bodies. Preferably, the oil bodies are obtained from plant seeds. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for preparing an emulsion formulation, comprising:
(1) obtaining oil bodies from plant seeds in a manner that includes:
(a) grinding of plant seeds;
(b) removing solids from crushed seeds;
(c) separating the oil body phase from the aqueous phase;
(2) washing the oil body phase to form a washed oil body preparation containing whole oil bodies of approximately the same size, shape and density;
(3) the conversion of the washed oil body preparation to an emulsion.

 In a preferred embodiment, the liquid phase is added to the seeds before or after grinding.

 In a further preferred embodiment, the formation of emulsion (e) comprises adding a liquid phase to the washed oil body preparation.

 The term "grinding", as used here, means grinding with millstones, crushing, crushing or cutting seeds, and these terms can be used interchangeably throughout the application. During this process, the seed cells open.

 The term "solids", as used here, means any material that is insoluble in the aqueous phase or in the phase of the oil bodies, such as seed coat.

 The term “oil body wash” as used herein means any process that removes cellular impurities from the oil body phase, in particular any impurity that imparts undesirable properties of the emulsion composition, such as allergenic properties, undesirable color, smell, taste or organoleptic characteristics, or any other undesirable property. Examples of washing methods include gravity based methods such as centrifugation and size exclusion based methods such as membrane ultrafiltration and cross-flow microfiltration. The washing methods and conditions are selected in accordance with the desired purity of the oil body preparation.

 The term “washed oil body preparation,” as used herein, means an oil body preparation from which a significant amount of cellular material has been removed, including contaminants that impart undesirable properties to the emulsion composition, such as allergenic properties, undesirable color, smell, taste, or organoleptic characteristics , or any other undesirable property. Preferably, the washed oil body preparation contains less than 10% of other seed proteins.

 By "converting the oil bodies to an emulsion" is meant that the preparation of the washed oil bodies is mixed or homogenized, if necessary, until an emulsion is formed. In a preferred embodiment, an additional ingredient is added, such as the liquid phase and the washed oil body preparation, and the liquid phase is mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.

 The washed oil body preparations are particularly suitable for emulsion formation due to their favorable properties listed below.

Properties of oil bodies
The emulsion formulations of the invention include whole washed oil bodies of approximately the same size, shape and density. When examined under a microscope, it is seen that oil bodies are structures of a more or less spherical shape (see Murphy DJ and Cummins I., 1989, Phytochemistry, 28: 2063-2069; Jacks TJ et al., 1990, JAOCS, 67: 353- 361). Typical sizes of oil bodies vary between 0.4 and 1.5 microns (Murphy DJ and Cummins I., 1989, Phytochemistry, 28: 2063-2069). In an analysis using the Malvern Size Analyzer, it was found that the oil bodies in the washed oil body preparation isolated from rapeseed were symmetrically and uniformly distributed around a 1 μm size. Using the Malvern Size Analyzer, you can clearly distinguish the washed oil body preparation from commercially available oil-in-water emulsions, including soy milk, mayonnaise (Kraft Real Mayonnaise) and two coconut milk recipes (Tosca, Aroy-D).

 The exact size and density of the oil bodies depends at least in part on the specific protein / phospholipid / triglyceride ratio that is available. The preparation of the washed oil bodies according to the invention does not lead to a significant change in the shape of the oil bodies as compared to the bodies present in the whole seed when viewed under an electron microscope.

 After the cell containing the oil bodies is opened, the oil body fraction can be quickly and easily separated from the aqueous solutions, since in the aqueous solutions the oil body fraction floats up after the application of centrifugal force. In solutions where the density of the oil body fraction is higher than the density of a solvent such as 95% ethanol, the oil bodies will settle under the same conditions. The oil body fraction can also be separated from the aqueous fraction by separation methods based on size exclusion, such as membrane filtration, the advantage of which may be the possibility of obtaining more uniform oil body sizes.

The oil bodies present in the washed oil body preparations of the invention are resistant to strong acids and bases, including prolonged exposure to acidic conditions at a pH of at least as low as pH 2 and under alkaline conditions at a pH of at least as high as pH 10. When exposed to a pH of 12, there is a slight loss of oil, which indicates a loss of structural integrity of the oil bodies. In addition, extraction with various organic solvents, including methanol, ethanol, hexane, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate, does not violate or only slightly violates the structural integrity of the oil bodies. It was also found that the oil bodies present in the washed oil body preparations can withstand mixing with anionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic detergent, hexadecyl trimethyl bromide, and Tween-80, a non-ionic detergent. It has been found that boiling the washed oil body preparation in the presence of SDS leads to at least partially disintegrating the oil body structure. The oil bodies present in the washed oil body preparation remain stable for 2 hours at a temperature of at least 100 ^° C. Slow freezing and melting of the washed oil body preparations leads to a change in their physical appearance, characterized by the formation of lumps as opposed to a homogeneous emulsion. The clumping of oil bodies after freezing-melting can also be largely prevented by either a) rapid freezing in liquid nitrogen instead of slow freezing at -20 ^o C, or b) adding glycerol in a 5% (v / v) excess to oil body preparation before freezing. Resistance to relatively harsh chemical and physical conditions is a unique characteristic of the oil bodies contained in the washed oil body preparation of the invention.

 The present invention provides emulsion formulations comprising oil bodies, from which a significant amount of grain impurities has been removed. Such impurities include volatile proteins and other compounds that may contribute an undesirable color, smell, taste, organoleptic characteristics and other undesirable properties. Many cereal proteins have been reported to cause allergic reactions. For example, Ogawa et al. (1993, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 57: 1030-1033) reported the allergenicity of soybean glycoprotein P34 (otherwise called Gly m Bd 30K). Allergic reactions to rapeseed, wheat, and barley seed proteins have also been reported (Armentia et al., 1993, Clin. Exp. Allergy, 23: 410-415; Monslave et al., 1993, Clin. Exp. Allergy, 27: 833- 841). Therefore, the removal of contaminating drug proteins is favorable. Washing conditions can be selected so as to obtain a substantially pure preparation of washed oil bodies. In this case, practically only oil body proteins are present in the preparation.

For many applications, it is also believed that the cleaner the oil body preparation obtained, the better it is, since this allows you to better control the preparation of the final emulsion. In order for the washed oil body preparation to be included in a different set of emulsions, it is desirable that the volatiles are minimized and that the color is preferably light or white. Washing the preparation with washed oil bodies gives a lighter preparation. In addition, washing removes compounds that accelerate the growth of microorganisms, since it was found that the preparation of the washed oil bodies has a longer shelf life than the unwashed preparation. Other compounds that are removed by washing include non-nutritive glucosinylates and / or their degradation products and fibrous material. It was found that during heat treatment at 60 or 80 ^o With large amounts of water remain absorbed by the preparation of washed oil bodies in comparison with the non-washed preparation. After cooling to room temperature and centrifugation, it was observed that the preparation of the washed oil bodies remained stable, while phase separation occurred in the non-washed preparation. Due to the improved stability of the washed oil bodies, they are preferred where the cooking process involves heating. When heated to 40 ^o With the preparation of washed oil bodies can absorb a larger amount of water introduced from the outside, without leading to phase separation. Thus, in the formation of aqueous emulsions, washed oil bodies are preferred. The ability of a washed oil body and an unwashed preparation to absorb externally administered oil was also compared. A larger amount of oil can be added to the washed oil body preparation before an unstable emulsion forms. This is an advantage in those formulations where oils or waxes are introduced into the process from the outside, as in the case of the production of lubricants or cosmetics. When comparing the viscosity of the washed oil body preparation and the unwashed preparation, it was found that the washed oil body preparation is more viscous. A more viscous oil body preparation is desirable as this eliminates the need to add thickeners to the formation process.

 Thus, the proposed preparation of washed oil bodies is superior to the unwashed preparation in many ways. The washed oil body preparation of the invention is a better defined preparation with a longer shelf life and more preferred color, smell and viscosity. The washed oil body preparation also has superior water and oil absorption properties. Finally, due to the removal of a significant amount of grain proteins, allergic reactions are unlikely. These properties make it possible to use the preparation of washed oil bodies for many household and industrial emulsions.

 The above observations were made using washed and unwashed oil body preparations obtained from rapeseed and prepared as described in detail in Example 2. There is reason to believe that stability under relatively harsh chemical and physical conditions will be characteristic of oil bodies present in the washed oil preparation Taurus according to the invention, regardless of the source of the oil bodies. However, it is likely that one or more of the properties described above for rapeseed oil bodies will vary in some way depending on the cells from which the washed oil body preparation was obtained. Nevertheless, it should be clearly understood that the subject of the invention is an oil body preparation, which can be obtained from any cells including oil bodies.

 In an embodiment of the invention, oil bodies are obtained from plant seeds. The presence of whole oil bodies in the emulsion and the described characteristics of these oil bodies clearly distinguish the emulsion composition of the invention from other materials that can be obtained from plant seeds.

Sources and production of oil bodies
The washed oil body preparation of the invention can be obtained from any cells containing oil bodies or similar to oil bodies of organelles. These sources include animal cells, plant cells, fungal cells, yeast cells (Leber R. et al., 1994, Yeast 10: 1421-1428), bacterial cells (Pieper-Furst et al., 1994, J. Bacterol., 176 : 4328-4337) and algae cells (Rossler PG, 1988, J.Physiol. (London), 24: 394-400). In a preferred embodiment, the oil bodies are derived from plant cells, including pollen, spore, seed or vegetative organ cells (Huang, 1992, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 43: 177-200). More preferably, the washed oil body preparation preparation of the invention is derived from plant seeds and most preferably from a group of plants including rapeseed (Brassica spp.), Soybean (Glycine max.), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), oil palm (Elaesis guineeis), cotton ( Gossypium spp.), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), coconut (Cocus nucifera), castor (Ricinus communis), safflower (Carthamus tinctonus), mustard (Brassica spp. And Sinapsis alba), coriander (Coriandrum sativumbit), pumpkin maxima), flax (Linum usitatissimum), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excela), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) and corn (Zea mays). Plants are grown and seeds are harvested using agricultural methods well known to specialists. After harvesting the grain and, if desired, removing material such as pebbles or shells of seeds, for example by sieving or washing and optionally drying the seeds, the seeds are subsequently subjected to mechanical extraction, grinding or grinding. In a preferred embodiment, a liquid phase is added before grinding the seeds. This is known as wet grinding. Preferably, the liquid is water, although organic solvents such as ethanol may also be used. The use of wet grinding in oil extraction processes has been reported for many plant species, including mustard (Aguilar et al., 1990, Journal of Texture Studies 22: 59-84), soybeans (US patent 3971856, Carter et al., 1974, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 51: 137-141), peanuts (US Pat. No. 4,025,658; US Pat. No. 4,362,759), cotton seeds (Lawhon et al., 1977, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 63: 533 -534) and coconut (Kumar et al., 1995, INFORM 6 (II): 1217-1240). It may also be advantageous to soak the seeds in a liquid phase for a period of from fifteen minutes to about two days before grinding. Impregnation can soften the walls of cells and facilitate the grinding process. Impregnation over a longer period of time can mimic the germination process and lead to some favorable changes in the content of grain components. In another embodiment, the liquid phase is added after grinding the seeds. This is known as dry grinding. Preferably, the added liquid phase is water.

The seeds are preferably milled in a colloid mill, such as MZ130 (Fryma Inc). In addition to colloid mills, other milling and grinding equipment suitable for processing industrial quantities of grain can be used in the invention described herein, including flattening rollers, disk mills, colloid mills, core mills, millstones, IKA mills and industrial homogenizers. The choice of a mill may depend on the requirements for grain productivity, as well as the source of grain that is used. It is critical that the oil bodies of the grain remain intact during grinding. Therefore, any operating conditions commonly used in the processing of oilseeds, leading to damage to the oil bodies, are unsuitable for use in the process according to the invention. The grinding temperature is preferably 10-90 ^° C and more preferably 26-30 ^° C, while the pH is preferably maintained between 2.0 and 10.

 Solid impurities, such as grain shells, fibrous material, insoluble carbohydrates, proteins and other insoluble impurities, are removed from the milled grain fraction. Separation of solid impurities can be carried out using settling centrifuges such as the HASCO 200 two-phase settling centrifuge or NX310B (Alpha Laval).

 Depending on the grain capacity requirements, the performance of a settling centrifuge may vary with other settling centrifuge models, such as three-phase decanters. Operating conditions vary depending on the particular centrifuge used and must be selected so that insoluble contaminants settle and remain in the sediment after settling. Under these conditions, a partial separation of the oil body phase and the aqueous phase may be observed.

After removal of insoluble contamination, the oil body phase is separated from the aqueous phase. In a preferred embodiment, a tubular drum centrifuge is used. In other embodiments, hydrocyclones, packet disk centrifuges, or phase separation by natural gravity, or another gravity-based separation method may be used. It is also possible to separate the oil body fraction from the aqueous phase using size exclusion methods such as membrane ultrafiltration and cross-flow microfiltration. In a preferred embodiment, the tubular drum centrifuge is a Sharpies Model AS-16 (Alpha Laval) or AS-46 Sharpies (Alpha Laval) Centrifuge. The critical parameter is the size of the locking ring used during centrifuge operation. The locking rings are removable rings with a central circular hole, changing in the case of AS-16 from 28 to 36 mm and regulating the separation of the aqueous phase from the phase of the oil bodies, thereby controlling the purity of the obtained fraction of oil bodies. In a preferred embodiment, when using AS-16, a snap ring of 29 or 30 mm is used. The exact size of the locking ring used depends on the type of oilseed used, as well as the desired final consistency of the oil body preparation. Separation efficiency is also influenced by the flow rate. When using AS-16, the flow rate is usually 750-1000 ml / min (closure ring size 29) or 400-600 ml / min (closure ring size 30), and the temperature is preferably maintained between 26 and 30 ^o C. Depending on the model the centrifuge used, the flow rate and the size of the locking ring should be adjusted so as to achieve optimal separation of the oil body phase from the aqueous phase. This adjustment will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

 Separation of solids and separation of the aqueous phase from the oil body fraction can also be carried out simultaneously using a separation method based on gravity, such as a 3-phase tube centrifuge or decanter, or a hydrocyclone, or a separation method based on size exclusion.

 Compositions obtained at this stage of the process are usually relatively crude and contain numerous grain proteins, including glycosylated and non-glycosylated proteins and other contaminants, such as starch or glucosinylates or their breakdown products. The present invention provides for the removal of a significant amount of grain contaminants. In order to remove the contaminating material of the grain, the oil body preparation obtained after separation from the aqueous phase is washed at least once by resuspending the oil body fraction and centrifuging the resuspended fraction. This process provides a product, referred to herein as a washed oil body preparation. The number of washes will generally depend on the desired purity of the oil body fraction. Depending on the washing conditions used, a substantially pure fraction of oil bodies can be obtained. In such a preparation, the only proteins present are oil body proteins. In order to flush the oil body fraction, tubular drum centrifuges or other centrifuges such as hydrocyclones or packet disk centrifuges can be used. The washing of the oil bodies can be carried out using water, buffer systems, for example sodium chloride, in concentrations from 0.01 M to at least 2 M, 0.1 M sodium carbonate and a buffer with a low salt content and high pH, such as 50 mM Tris -HCl, pH 7.5, organic solvents, detergents or any other liquid phase. In a preferred embodiment, all washes are carried out at high pH (11-12). The liquid phase used for washing, as well as the washing conditions, such as pH and temperature, may vary depending on the type of seed used. Washing may be preferable at a number of different pH between pH 2 and pH 11-12, as this may allow stepwise removal of contaminants, especially proteins. The washing conditions are chosen so that the washing stage removes a significant amount of contaminants without violating the structural integrity of the oil bodies. In those implementations where more than one washing step is carried out, the washing conditions may be different for different stages. SDS gel electrophoresis or other analytical methods can be successfully used to control the removal of grain proteins and other contaminants after washing the oil bodies. It is not necessary to remove the entire aqueous phase between the washing stages, and the final preparation of the washed oil bodies can be resuspended in water, in a buffer system, for example 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, or in any other liquid phase, and, if required, the desired pH can be adjusted to any pH between pH 2 and pH 10.

 The process of obtaining the drug washed oil bodies can be carried out periodically or in a continuous process. In particular, when using a gear drum centrifuge, a system of pumps operating between steps (a), (b) and (c) and steps (c) and (d) creates a continuous process system. In a preferred embodiment, the pumps are 1-inch Wilden M2 air-driven twin diaphragm pumps. In other embodiments, hydraulic or peristaltic pumps may be used. In order to ensure a homogeneous feed consistency of the settling centrifuge and the tubular drum centrifuge, homogenizers such as an IKA homogenizer can be installed between the separation stages. Flow homogenizers can also be installed between different centrifuges or separation equipment based on size exclusions that are used to flush the oil body preparation. The sizes of the locking rings, the composition of the buffers, the temperature and pH at each washing stage may differ from those used in the first separation stage.

 In those implementations of the invention when oil bodies are isolated from softer tissues, for example, from olive mesocarp tissue, the methods used to open the cells may be somewhat different from the methods used to open harder seeds. For example, compression-based methods may be preferable to grinding methods. The small-scale oil body isolation technique has been described for the isolation of oil bodies from the tissues of the mesocarp olives (Olea europeana) and avocados (Persea americana) (Ross et al., Plant Science, 1993, 93: 203-210) and from nuclei obtained from microspores rapeseed (Brassica napus) (Holbrook et al., Plant Physiol., 1991, 97: 1051-1058).

 In embodiments of the invention, when oil bodies are isolated from non-plant cells, a washed oil body preparation is isolated following procedures that are similar to those described above. A methodology for isolating oil bodies from yeast is described in the literature (Ting et al., 1997, Journal Biol. Chem., 272: 3699-3706).

The physical and chemical properties of the oil fraction can vary in at least two ways. Firstly, different types of plants contain oil bodies with different oil compositions. For example, coconut is rich in lauryl oils (C ₁₂ ), while eruconic acid oils (C ₂₂ ) are abundant in some Brassica spp. Secondly, a certain amount of oil can be modified in specific types of plants by applying selection and genetic engineering methods known to experienced specialists. The goal of both of these methods is to change the relative activity of enzymes that control the metabolic pathways involved in oil synthesis. By applying these methods, seeds with a complicated set of various oils can be obtained. For example, selection efforts led to the production of low eruconic acid rapeseed (Canola) (Bestor T.N., 1994, Dev.Genet., 15: 458), and a line of plants with oils with changes in position was obtained by genetic engineering and the number of double bonds, varying the chain length of the fatty acid and introducing the desired functional groups (Topfer et al., 1995, Science, 268: 681-685). Using similar approaches, a person skilled in the art will be able to further expand the already available sources of oil bodies. Thus, by selecting oilseeds or mixtures thereof from various species or plant lines as a source of oil bodies, a wide variety of emulsions with different texture and viscosity can be obtained.

Emulsion formation
The washed oil body preparation can be emulsified using methods known in the art. Preferably, at least one additional ingredient is added to the washed oil body preparation. The additional ingredient may be added in the form of a solution, suspension, gel or solid, and the amount of the additional ingredient depends on the formulation. The additional ingredient after emulsion formation may become associated with the oil bodies remaining suspended in the solution, or form a suspension in which the oil bodies are dispersed. The ingredient may also penetrate the phospholipid monolayer surrounding the oil body or triglyceride matrix. Ingredients that can penetrate the oil body include oils, waxes, and Nile red. In a preferred embodiment, the additional ingredient is a liquid phase. In another preferred embodiment, the liquid phase is water. Water can be added either directly or as moisture bound to another ingredient. The final amount of water is not critical until a stable emulsion forms after mixing the ingredients. Typically, the compositions contain at least 1% water and up to 99% water. Generally mixing is required to obtain a suitable emulsion, and heat or pressure may be required.

 In another preferred embodiment, the additional ingredient is oil or wax. Oils or waxes can be distributed in the triglyceride matrix of oil bodies, and thus lipid-soluble ingredients, such as lipid-soluble vitamins, can be incorporated into the oil body matrix. If the additional ingredient includes oils or waxes, the oil bodies may remain suspended in the lipophilic phase or a double emulsion may form.

 The final composition may be in solid or liquid form or have any other desired viscosity. The emulsion can be thickened using gelling agents such as cellulose and its derivatives, carbopol and its derivatives, carob, carreginans and their derivatives, xanthan gum, glue, long chain alkanolamides, and benton and its derivatives, usually present in concentrations below 2 wt.%.

 The emulsion may further include surfactants in order to moisturize, foam, penetrate, emulsify, solubilize or disperse the selected material. If required, for example, anionic surfactants such as sodium monoglyceride coconut sulfonate, cationic surfactants such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride and trimethylammonium bromide, nonionic surfactants, including pluronium polyethylene oxides and condensate products, can be added. and zwitterionic surfactants, such as derivatives of compounds of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosmomy and sulfonium.

 If desired, chelating agents capable of binding metal ions such as tartaric acid, EDTA, citric acid, alkali metal citrates, pyrophosphate salts or anionic polymeric polycarboxylates may also be included in the emulsion composition.

 Typically, emulsion compositions should be processed so as to prevent contamination by bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, viruses and the like, or undesirable chemical reactions such as oxidative reactions. In a preferred embodiment, this is achieved by adding preservatives, for example sodium metabisulfite, or other chemical additives, or by irradiation, for example, ionizing radiation, such as cobalt-60 or cesium-137 radiation, or ultraviolet radiation.

 In addition, active substances may be added to the washed oil body preparation. For example, cosmetic compositions can be prepared in the form of stable suspensions using the present emulsion formulation, and vitamins and moisturizing agents can be incorporated into skin creams. A particularly favorable method by which the active ingredient can be incorporated into the emulsions of the invention is to create ligands for the oleosin gene, as described in WO 96/21029. Briefly, WO 96/21029 describes a method for producing proteins and peptides in the form of oleosin ligands. These proteins are created by ligation of a gene encoding oleosin with a gene encoding a peptide or protein of interest. Expression of the ligated into, for example, an oil plant leads to the synthesis of a protein ligand, which is then conjugated to an oil body.

 The selection of the fraction of oil bodies leads to the extraction of the ligand. In principle, any desired protein or peptide can be obtained using this technology. For example, it has been shown that polar fish antifreeze peptides (Davies P. L. et al., 1990, FASEB J. 4: 2460-2468) are produced as ligand proteins with oleosin. The washed oil body preparation can then be used to make ice cream, milkshakes or other frozen food materials with improved freezing properties by inhibiting or preventing the formation of ice crystals. In another example, a therapeutic protein can be obtained in the form of a ligand with oleosin. Oil bodies can then be used to prepare the desired emulsion, which can be intended for oral administration or for topical application to the skin. This embodiment of the invention is further explained in Example 11 of the description, where fish food is prepared comprising oil bodies containing an oleosin ligand with carp growth hormone.

 An emulsion with film-forming properties may also be prepared. Such an emulsion, when applied to the surface and dries, forms a coating. An example of an emulsion for applying a coating film of oil bodies is a fish feed on which oil bodies are applied in order to improve its nutritional value.

 A film-forming emulsion is particularly useful in those embodiments of the invention where a controlled release of the active ingredient, such as drug delivery, or volatile substances, such as incense, is desired. The release time of the active ingredient from the film of the emulsion, which is formed upon drying, depends, among other factors, on the thickness of the film. When a thicker film is applied, a longer drying time leads to a slower release of the active agent. In an embodiment of the present compositions, release of the agent occurs only when the film is dry. Other factors, such as the composition of the emulsion and the type and concentration of the active ingredient, also determine the release characteristics. For example, additional solvents, such as ethanol, may be included in the formulation and affect the release time. The release of the active ingredient is also desirable for foods in which the emulsified flavoring agent is released upon consumption. The release of the flavor, depending on the exact formulation of the emulsion, can cause a sudden strong sensation or a finer mixture of tastes and aromas.

 The emulsion according to the invention can also be used in sprinklers and aerosols. For this purpose, it is preferable to use oil bodies of small size, for example 11 μm or less in diameter, such as those found in B. napus. Volatile substances such as alcohol and incense may be included in such spray emulsions. Emulsions of this type can also be sprayed onto the surface of dried food products such as potato chips and dry soups. Emulsions may include flavoring and improve shelf life or help maintain the desired moisture level of the food product.

The use of emulsion formulations
The invention is aimed at obtaining emulsions that are used in domestic and industrial compositions. It is indicated that emulsions can be used in compositions that vary widely in physical properties and application. Thus, specific options include applications such as food and food products, pharmaceutical products, personal care products and industrial products.

 Applications in food and food products include non-dairy substitutes, non-dairy cheese, non-dairy yogurt, margarine, mayonnaise, vinaigrette (dressing for salad dressing), glaze, ice cream, salad dressings, artificial mustard, sweets, chewing gum, pudding, baked goods, seasonings, juices, baby food, flavor vehicles, texturing agents, food for pets and livestock. Applications as personal care products include soaps, cosmetics, skin creams, face creams, toothpaste, lipstick, perfumes, makeup, substrates, blush, mascara, eye shadow, sunscreen lotions, hair conditioner and hair colors hair. Pharmaceutical products that can be prepared using the washed oil body preparation of the invention include therapeutic agents, diagnostic agents, and delivery agents. As a therapeutic or diagnostic agent, the emulsion must additionally contain the active ingredient. The active ingredient may be any substance that is desired to be delivered to the host. In one embodiment, the active ingredient may be a protein or peptide of therapeutic or diagnostic value. Such peptides include antigens (for vaccine forms), antibodies, cytokines, blood coagulation factors, and growth hormones. Industrial applications of the emulsions of the invention include paints, coatings, lubricants, films, gels, drilling fluids, paper primers, latex, building materials or materials for road construction, inks, dyes, waxes, polishes and chemicals for agriculture. In preferred embodiments, the subject invention is directed to compositions that can be edible to animals and humans. Therefore, in order for the compositions to be edible, they must be food grade. The specific product and the specific form in which the emulsion is used, however, is not of great importance and can be any as desired. It is quite clear that an emulsion prepared from a washed oil body preparation can be used in any household or industrial product.

 The stability of the present emulsion composition at low pH can be used in the preparation of acidic emulsions. For example, the emulsion composition can be used in the preparation of a mayonnaise-like food product, which, in addition to the preparation of washed oil bodies, includes, if required, vegetable oil, mustard, vinegar and egg yolk. Flowable emulsions, such as salad dressings, can be prepared by increasing the relative amount of vinegar and / or adding water.

 An example of an application where heating can be used without obvious harmful effects is the preparation of flavoring sauces, such as bechamel sauce, or sweet sauces, such as chocolate sauces. In these applications, the washed oil body preparation is used as a substitute for frying sauce. To prepare bechamel sauce, 1 part (by weight) of flour is added to 1 part of the heated preparation of washed oil bodies and mixed until a fine suspension is formed. Moderately heated milk is gradually added until a sauce with the desired viscosity is obtained.

 The emulsion composition may also be used as an oil substitute. In such applications, small amounts of water, for example less than 10%, are added to the washed oil body preparation to obtain the desired viscosity. If desired, natural oil flavors and thickeners may be added. The butter substitute can be used with sweet corn, bread, in muffin mixes or in bread baking. The salt, which gives flavor and acts as a preservative, can usually be added to an amount of about 2.5% (weight / volume). If desired, colorants, such as annatto seed extract or carotene, may be added to obtain stronger staining. The advantage of this application is that oil-based oil does not contain hydrogenated fatty acids, which are used in the formulations of margarines and similar products to achieve the desired consistency, but are also associated with cardiovascular diseases.

 You can prepare shortenings with various degrees of rigidity - from foam to fluid shortening. In this application, air is driven into the emulsion composition, and the emulsion composition can be considered dispersed in a continuous phase, air. Shortenings can be used for mixtures in which frothiness and overrun are desired. These mixes include icing, artificial cream, ice cream, and whipped cake dough.

 Imitation of fruit juice can be obtained from artificial or natural flavors and nutrients. Such imitation of juices does not have the proper appearance, and because of transparency it seems weak or diluted. When adding small amounts, for example from 0.1 to 1.0 vol.%, Of the preparation of washed oil bodies or its emulsion, turbidity can be caused to give the juice a good appearance. Thus, the oil body preparation can be used as a clouding agent.

 In another application dealing with juices, a washed oil body preparation or emulsion thereof may be added to juices with settling solids such as tomato juice. By adding small amounts of the washed oil body preparation, for example from 0.1 to 1.0 vol.%, It is possible to reduce the sedimentation rate of solids in the juice and help maintain a good appearance of the product.

 Local use of the washed oil body preparation of the invention is also contemplated. In this embodiment, the emulsion is prepared as a dermatologically acceptable emulsion, which can be used, for example, to moisturize the skin of the face and / or body, including nails and lips, and can counteract skin aging, acne, pigmentation, hair loss or accelerate hair removal, promote wound healing and / or skin tissue restructuring. The washed oil body preparation is preferably 1-99% by weight of the final composition.

The cosmetic compositions of the invention may further include hydrocarbon compounds, such as vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oils or waxes, or mixtures thereof. These include paraffin, petroleum jelly, perhydrosqualene, arara oil, almond oil, calfillum oil, avocado oil, hemp oil, castor oil, jojoba oil, olive oil or grain germ oil. Esters may be included, such as those of lanolic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, myristic acid. You can also include alcohols, for example, oleoyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol or linolenyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or octyldodecanol, alcohols or polyalcohols. Other hydrocarbon compounds that may be included are octanoates, decanoates, ricinoleates, caprylic / nylon triglycerides, or C ₁₀ to C ₂₂ fatty acid triglycerides. The addition of these substances can lead to the formation of double emulsions.

Hydrogenated oils that are solid at 25 ^° C, such as hydrogenated castor oil, palm oil or coconut oil, or hydrogenated ghee, mono-, di-, tri- or sugar glycerides, lanolins and fatty acids that are solid at 25 ^° C C may also be included in the cosmetic compositions of the invention. Waxes that can be included include animal waxes such as beeswax, vegetable waxes such as carnauba wax, candellia wax, araucaria wax, Japanese wax or cortex or sugar cane waxes, mineral waxes such as paraffin wax, lignite wax, microcrystalline waxes or ozokerites and synthetic waxes.

 Pigments may be included, which may be white or colored, inorganic or organic and / or pearl. These pigments include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconia, black, yellow, red and brown iron oxides, cerium dioxide, chromium oxide, Prussian blue, carbon black, barium, strontium, calcium and aluminum varnishes and mica coated with titanium oxide or bismuth oxide .

 The cosmetic and / or dermatological compositions may include active ingredients commonly used in skin creams, such as vitamins, for example, vitamin A or C, and alpha hydroxy acids, such as citric, glycolic, lactic and tartaric. For example, US Pat. No. 560,283 teaches that vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, accelerates the growth of connective tissue, especially in the skin, and enhances skin resistance to external influences such as smoke and UV radiation. Moisturizing agents that may be included in skin creams and cosmetics are, for example, mineral oils and urea. Antioxidants such as naturally occurring tocopherols and polyphenols or butylated hydroxytoluene and hydroxyanisole may also be added. To prepare sunburn lotions, you can use sunlight-shielding agents such as octyl methoxycinnamate (Parsol MCX), 3-benzophenone (Uvinul M40) and butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789). Pharmaceutically active ingredients that can be used in the preparation of cosmetic compositions include, for example, antibiotics, fungicides and anti-inflammatory agents.

 The final cosmetic product may be in the form of a free-flowing or densified powder (base, blush, eye shadow), in the form of a relatively oily product such as lipstick, mascara, or in the form of oil or body or face lotion.

 The washed oil body preparation may also be used as an orally acceptable carrier in toothpaste, which may further include silicates, surfactants, chelating agents, fluoride, thickeners, sweeteners, flavoring agents, such as peppermint oil, enzymes and biocides.

 An example of an industrial product that can be prepared is a paint in which a base resin, such as resins based on compounds such as silicones, acrylics, polyesters, fluorides, epoxides, polyurethanes, can be partially or completely replaced by the washed oil body preparation of the invention . Additional additives, such as pigments, dyes, glass flakes and aluminum flakes, pigment dispersants, thickeners, activators, curing catalysts, hardeners such as diisocyanates, curing catalysts, gel inhibitors, ultraviolet absorbing agents, can be added to the dye composition, if desired. , free radical quenching agents, etc.

 The washed oil body preparation may also form lubricants. For example, a washed oil body preparation may be used to partially or completely replace lubricating oils such as animal oils, vegetable oils, petroleum lubricating oils, synthetic lubricating oils, or lubricants such as lithium grease, urea grease and calcium grease. Other compositions used in the lubricant formulation include antioxidants, detergent dispersants, oil agents, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, cloud point depressants, solid lubricants, rust inhibitors, and antifoams.

 Using the washed oil body preparation of the invention, waxes can also be obtained. They include waxes such as washing waxes, such as waxes, which provide a stably hydrophobic finish film on automobiles and other protective coatings. Other compositions used in the preparation of waxes include surfactants, mineral oils, such as mixed paraffinic and aromatic / naphthenic oils, perfumes, biocides, coloring agents, which, if desired, can be added in compatible amounts.

 If industrial products such as paints or lubricants are prepared, the purity of the oil body phase may be less critical and it may not be necessary to rinse the oil body. An industrial emulsion can be obtained by (1) obtaining oil bodies from a cell and (2) introducing oil bodies into an industrial emulsion. Oil bodies can be obtained by (a) grinding plant seeds; (b) removing solids from the crushed seeds; (c) separating the oil body phase from the aqueous phase. The invention also includes an industrial emulsion containing oil bodies obtained by the present invention.

 The following non-limiting examples are illustrative of the present invention.

Example 1
Obtaining a preparation of washed oil bodies from rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, white mustard, peanut, pumpkin, flax, safflower and corn (laboratory scale).

 Dry ripened seeds obtained from Brassies napus or Westar, soybeans, sunflowers, peanuts, pumpkins, flax, safflower and corn are homogenized in five volumes of cold grinding buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 0.4 M sucrose and 0.5 NaCl) using a high speed polytron. The homogenizate is centrifuged at 10G for 30 minutes in order to remove particles of the substance and to separate the oil bodies from the aqueous phase containing the bulk soluble protein of the seeds. The oil body fraction is removed from the surface of the supernatant with a metal spatula and added to one volume of grinding buffer. It has been found that in order to achieve effective flushing in the following steps, it is necessary to carefully redispers the oil bodies in the grinding buffer. This is achieved by gently homogenizing the oil bodies in the grinding buffer using a low speed polytron. Using a syringe, redispersed oil bodies are carefully applied to the surface of five volumes of cold 50 mM Tris-Hcl buffer, pH 7.5, and centrifuged as described above. After centrifugation, the oil bodies are removed and the washing operation is repeated twice. The final preparation of washed oil bodies is resuspended in one volume of cold Tris-Hcl, pH 7.5, and redispersed by a polytron.

 Samples of oil bodies are dissolved in SDS buffer (sodium dodecyl sulfate) for samples and analyzed by SDS gel electrophoresis. The results are shown in FIG.

 Thus obtained material is ready for use in various formulations.

Example 2
Obtaining a preparation of washed oil bodies from oilseed rape, sunflower and corn on a large scale.

 This example describes the large scale extraction of oil body fractions from canola, sunflower and corn seeds. The resulting preparation contains whole oil bodies and is comparable in purity with the preparation obtained using laboratory scale procedures.

Grinding seeds. A total of 10-15 kg of dry canola seeds (Brassica napus or Westar), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) or corn (Zea mays) are loaded through a hopper into a colloid mill (Colloid mill, MZ-130 (Fryma) with a capacity of 500 kg / h), which equipped with a rotor / stator type grinder with cross teeth and top loading buffer. Before grinding, approximately 50-75 L of water is introduced through the outgoing hose. The mill operates with a gap of 1R, set so as to achieve a particle size of less than 100 microns, at 18 and 30 ^o C. After grinding the seeds add tap water to obtain a suspension of seeds with a final volume of 90 liters.

 Particulate matter removal. The resulting suspension is pumped to a settling centrifuge (Hasco 200 two-phase settling centrifuge with a maximum operating speed of 6000 rpm) after the centrifuge is dispersed to an operating speed of 3500 rpm. Product transfer from the mill to the centrifuge at a flow rate of 360 l / h is carried out using a 1-inch Wilden M2 air-driven double diaphragm pump. About 15 kg of seeds are decanted in 15-20 minutes.

 Department of oil bodies. The separation of the oil body fraction is carried out using a Sharpies tubular drum centrifuge, model AS-16 (Alpha Laval), equipped with a drum for separating three phases and a series of removable locking rings, capacity 50 l / h, locking ring 30 mm. The operating speed was 15,000 rpm (13,200 G). A Watson-Marlow (Model 704) peristaltic pump was used to pump the decanted liquid phase (J) into a tubular centrifuge after the centrifuge was accelerated to operating speed. This leads to the separation of the decanted liquid phase into a heavy phase (TF), including water and soluble seed proteins, and a light phase (LF), including oil bodies. The oil body fraction obtained after a single pass through a centrifuge is called a non-washed oil body preparation. Then the fraction of oil bodies is passed through a centrifuge three more times. Between each passage through the centrifuge, concentrated oil bodies are mixed with about five volumes of fresh water. The entire operation is carried out at room temperature. All preparations obtained after the second separation are considered as a preparation of washed oil bodies. After three washes, most of the contaminating soluble protein is excreted, and the oil body protein profiles obtained by SDS gel electrophoresis are similar in appearance to those obtained during laboratory-scale surgery.

Example 3
Removal of seed proteins by washing the oil body phase.

 This example describes the extraction of the washed oil body fraction from canola, corn, and sunflower seeds. Using various washing conditions, it was shown that washing leads to the removal of a significant amount of grain proteins from the preparation of oil bodies. These proteins include proteins that can be allergens.

Only 10-15 kg of dry canola seeds (Brassica napus or Westar), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) or corn (Zea mays) are loaded through a hopper into a colloid mill (Colloid mill, MZ-130 (Fryma)), which is equipped with a rotor-type milling device stator with cruciform teeth and upper loading buffer. Before grinding, approximately 50-75 L of water is introduced through the outgoing hose. The mill operates with a 1R gap set to reach a particle size of less than 100 microns, at 18 and 30 ^o C. After grinding the seeds, tap water is added to the seed suspension to a final volume of 60-90 liters and a sample of the seed suspension is taken for SDS gel electrophoresis . Then, the suspension is pumped into a settling centrifuge (Hasco 200 two-phase settling centrifuge with a maximum operating speed of 6000 rpm) after the centrifuge is dispersed to an operating speed of 3500 rpm. Product transfer from the mill to the centrifuge at a flow rate of 360 l / h is carried out using a 1-inch Wilden M2 air-driven double diaphragm pump. About 15 kg of seeds are decanted in 15-20 minutes. A sample of the decanted liquid phase is taken for SDS gel electrophoresis. The separation of the oil body fraction is carried out using a Sharpies tube drum centrifuge, model AS-16 (Alpha Laval), equipped with a drum for separating three phases and a series of removable locking rings, capacity 150 l / h, locking ring 29 mm. Operating speed 15000 rpm (13200 G). The Watson-Marlow peristaltic pump (Model 704) is used to pump the decanted liquid phase into a tubular centrifuge after the centrifuge is accelerated to operating speed. A phase of unwashed oil bodies is obtained and mixed with approximately 5 volumes of water. This operation is repeated completely three more times. The oil body phase obtained after the first revolution is called the preparation of unwashed oil bodies. All other drugs are washed oil body preparations. Samples for analysis on SDS gel electrophoresis are taken after the first and fourth separation.

After completing the fourth wash, 0.9 ml of the sample of the oil body preparation is homogenized in 0.1 ml of 1M Na ₂ CO ₃ and left to stir at room temperature for 30 minutes. The fraction of oil bodies is then recovered by centrifugation, washed and prepared for SDS gel electrophoresis.

 All samples were dissolved in SDS sample buffer and samples were analyzed by SDS gel electrophoresis. The results are shown in FIG.

Example 4
The effect of washing the oil body phase on the water retention characteristics.

The washed oil body preparation and the unwashed oil body phase are prepared from rapeseed, as in Example 2. In order to determine the difference between the washed oil body phase and the washed oil body preparation in water retention, 30 ml of the oil body preparation are thoroughly mixed using a shaking device . Then the preparations are incubated for 2 hours in a water bath at 40, 60 or 80 ^o C and the samples are centrifuged at 1500 G for 20 minutes (undiluted samples). Another set of samples is prepared by mixing 15 g of the preparation of washed or unwashed oil bodies with 15 ml of water. The samples are mixed on a shaker, then incubated for 2 hours in a water bath at 40, 60 or 80 ^o C and determine the amount of water present in the samples by subsequent centrifugation at 1500 G for 20 minutes (diluted samples). The mass loss attributed to evaporation is measured at 80 and 60 ^o C.

At 80 ^o With undiluted preparations containing oil bodies, lose a significant amount of water by evaporation. The preparation of unwashed oil bodies lost 26% of its mass, while the washed preparation lost 16%. During centrifugation, the unwashed preparation separated out approximately 2.5 ml of the aqueous phase, while the washed oil body preparation remained in the same phase. Both diluted preparations absorbed water. The volume of oil bodies in both cases increased to 18.5 ± 1 ml.

At 60 ^{° C.,} undiluted preparations lost approximately 10% of their water by evaporation. Upon subsequent centrifugation, the unwashed preparation released approximately 0.5 ml of the aqueous phase, while the washed oil body preparation remained in the same phase. Both diluted preparations absorbed water. At 60 ^o With the volume of oil bodies in both cases increased to 18 ± 1 ml.

At 40 ^{° C.,} both undiluted samples isolated approximately 2 ml of the aqueous phase. When comparing diluted samples, an unwashed preparation absorbed about 3 ml of water, as in the cases of 60 or 80 ^o C. The washed sample, however, absorbed 8 ml of water at 40 ^o C.

These experiments show that in a washed oil body preparation heated to 60 or 80 ^{° C.} , water remains more firmly bound to the oil body preparation than in an unwashed preparation. Being chilled, the washed oil body preparation seems more stable than the unwashed emulsion. Being heated to 40 ^o C, the preparation of washed oil bodies was able to absorb a larger volume of exogenously added water, without leading to phase separation.

Example 5
The effect of flushing oil bodies on oil absorption characteristics.

 The washed oil body preparation and the washed oil body phase are prepared from rapeseed, as in Example 2. In order to determine the difference between the washed oil body phase and the washed oil body preparation in oil absorption, 2 g of the oil body preparation are dispersed in a 50 ml tube in 12 ml of refined clarified deodorized canola oil. The contents of the tube are mixed for 30 seconds every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. The tubes are then centrifuged at 4400 rpm for 25 minutes. The free oil is decanted and the percentage of absorbed oil is determined by the mass difference. Three preparations of washed oil bodies and three preparations of unwashed oil bodies were tested.

 It was found that the ability to absorb oil in unwashed oil bodies varies significantly for three loads and varies from 18.7 to 28%. The washed oil bodies had a reproducible oil absorption of 32 + 1%. Thus, it was found that the washed oil body preparation is better, since (1) provides a greater amount of absorbed oil and (2) absorption occurs in a more reproducible manner.

Example 6
Preparation of mayonnaise-like emulsion, including the preparation of washed oil bodies.

The washed oil body preparation was prepared from rapeseed, as in Example 2, and a mayonnaise-like emulsion was prepared by mixing the following components in a household electric mixer, g:
Sunflower oil - 78
Egg Yolk - 8
Vinegar - 9
Salt - 0.5
Washed oil bodies - 5
Received a product of mayonnaise-like texture. Mayonnaise-like product remains stable for at least 1 day at 4 ^o C.

Example 7
Preparation of a cholesterol-free mayonnaise-like emulsion.

The preparation of washed oil bodies is prepared from rapeseed, as in example 2, and a mayonnaise-like emulsion is prepared by mixing the following components, g:
Sunflower oil - 200
Washed oil bodies - 100
Vinegar, ml - 30
Received a product of mayonnaise-like texture. Since mayonnaise is prepared without egg yolk, an ingredient commonly used in commercially available mayonnaises, the product prepared using washed oil bodies does not contain cholesterol. Mayonnaise was found to be as stable as regular mayonnaise if stability was determined using centrifugation.

Example 8
Preparation of salad dressing (vinaigrette), including the preparation of washed oil bodies.

The preparation of the washed oil bodies is prepared from rapeseed, as in example 2, and a vinaigrette-like emulsion is prepared by manually mixing the following components, g:
Sunflower oil - 17.5
Mustard - 0.4
Vinegar - 0.5
Washed oil bodies - 7.7
The resulting product vinaigrette texture. Vinaigrette-like product remains stable for at least 1 day at 4 ^o C.

Example 9
Preparation of spreadable mustard-like product.

The preparation of washed oil bodies is prepared from rapeseed, as described in example 2. To obtain a mustard-like product, the following components are mixed, g:
Mustard - 70
Washed oil bodies - 30
The resulting emulsion composition is a mustard-like product that is easily spread and has creamy, less acute taste characteristics than mustard.

Example 10
Cooking bechamele-like sauce.

 The washed oil body preparation was prepared from rapeseed as described in Example 2. The washed oil body preparation was heated to moderate heat, an equal part of the flour was added and mixed with the washed oil body preparation. During manual stirring, milk is gradually added to this mixture.

Flour - 50 g
Washed oil bodies - 50 g
Milk - 100 ml - 1 L
Received a bechamel-like sauce. The consistency of the sauce can be any, as desired, depending on the amount of milk added. If desired, additional flavoring agents may also be added. The absence of hydrogenated fatty acids in this product gives it an advantage over sauce made from ordinary household margarine.

Example 11
Preparation of pharmaceutical emulsions for application to fish feed.

 The preparation of the washed oil bodies from the transgenic B. napus plant, which expresses carp growth hormone (hGH), ligated with oleosin, where the protein ligand is conjugated to oil bodies, is prepared as follows. A DNA fragment containing a cGH region encoding a region without a 22-amino acid signal sequence was amplified from a plasmid containing the growth hormone insert of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cDNA (Koren et al., 1989, Gene 67: 309-315) using the polymerase combined with two cGR-specific primers. The amplified cGR fragment was ligated in the correct reading frame with 3 'and Arabidopsis thaliana oleosin using pOThromb (van Rooijen, 1993, PhD Thesis, University of Calgari) as the parent plasmid and using cloning strategies known to those skilled in the art. The thrombin cleavage site in pOThromb was attached 3 ′ to the oleosin coding sequence, the ligated oleosin-cGH gene was introduced into the binary vector pCGN1559 (McBnde and Summerfelt, 1990, Plant Mol. Biol., 14: 269-276) and the resulting construct was used to transform A .tumefaciens. A strain of agrobacteria was used to transform B. napus or Westar seedlings. The seeds of the transgenic plant were obtained and oil bodies were isolated from the transgenic seeds as described in Example 1.

 The oil bodies were then taken with a syringe and sprayed onto fish feed using approximately 2.5 μg of oil body protein per 1 mg of fish feed. Then the fish food, covered with oil bodies, was left to dry until morning. Then, 50 mg of fish food was mixed with 10 ml of water and incubated for 0, 30, 45 or 60 minutes. Then the food was collected, resuspended in 0.2 ml of 50 mm Tris-C1 (pH 7.5) and prepared for analysis by SDS gel electrophoresis after boiling in 2.5% SDS. The presence of oil bodies in fish feed was confirmed using western blotting and monoclonal antibodies to cGR.

 Judging by the signal intensity of a single band observed in each lane of the Western blot, the oil bodies, including cGR, remained firmly connected with fish food after incubation of the oil bodies in water. It has been shown that fish feed, which was incubated for 30, 45 or 60 minutes, contains approximately the same amount of cGR as a control feed that was not incubated in water.

 This example shows that you can get many transgenic plants that give the emulsion the desired specific properties. This example also shows that an emulsion can be obtained from the washed oil body preparation, which can be used as a coating or film. Finally, this example shows that a washed oil body preparation can be used to produce a pharmaceutical composition.

 Although certain preferred embodiments have been described to illustrate the present invention, other uses that are within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

 Examples 12-22 are taken from US patent N 6183762.

Example 12
Preparation of basic emulsion formulations containing washed safflower oil bodies for use in a personal care product.

A washed safflower oil body preparation was prepared as in Example 2. 0.1% Glydant Plus, 0.1% butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), 0.1% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were added to the washed oil body preparation. prepared the basic composition for use in a cosmetic product as follows. The oil bodies were placed in a mixer, Keltrol was added and hydrogenated at room temperature with a high-speed propeller stirrer. Then glycerin was added. The mixture was then heated to 45-50 ^{° C.} , BHA and BHT were added at a temperature of 50 ^{° C.} At the end, Glydant Plus was added. The preparation of basic compositions B and C was somewhat different, so the temperature was then raised to 60 ^{° C.} , Arlacel 165 was added and mixed until the structure of the mixture became homogeneous. The mixture was then rapidly cooled to 30 ^{° C.} by stirring at moderate speed.

Base composition A (see table 1)
Base composition B (see table 2)
Base composition C (see table 3)
The actual preparation of hydrogenated oil bodies from safflower and all three Base compounds showed resistance to oxidation and the development of microorganisms. Similarly, these three basic formulations observed small changes or did not observe them at all, both in color and in smell.

 Chemical analyzes of the drug from hydrogenated safflower oil bodies showed that the sample contained 50.82% water and 49.18% solids. The dry residue (CO) consisted of 3.76% protein, 93.56% oil and 2.68% other.

Example 13
Preparation of basic emulsion formulations for use in a high category cosmetic product.

Base composition B was further modified for use in high-grade cosmetic formulations. The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate Keltrol, panthenol and allantoin with moderate speed stirring at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Finsolv TN, sesame oil, vitamin E-acetate and phenonip. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At approximately 40 ^{° C.} , Base Composition B was slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature (see table 4).

Example 14
Preparation of basic emulsion formulations for use in a high category cosmetic product.

Base composition C was further modified for use in high-grade cosmetic formulations. The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate Keltrol, panthenol and allantoin with moderate speed stirring at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Finsolv TN, isohexadecane, vitamin E-acetate and phenonip. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At approximately 40 ^{° C.} , Base Composition B was slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature (see table 5).

Example 15
Preparation of basic emulsion formulations for use in a high category cosmetic product.

Base composition B was further modified for use in high-grade cosmetic formulations. The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate Keltrol, panthenol and allantoin with moderate speed stirring at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: SEE 839, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Finsolv TN, Vitamin E-acetate and phenonip. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At approximately 40 ^{° C.} , Base Composition B was slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature (see table 6).

Example 16
Cooking sunblock with protection factor 8 from sunlight.

The basic composition B was further modified for use in a cosmetic cream from a tan of a high category. The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate Keltrol, panthenol and allantoin with moderate speed stirring at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Finsolv TN, sesame oil, vitamin E-acetate, and phenonip. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At approximately 40 ^{° C.} , Base Composition B was slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature (see table 7).

Example 17
Cooking sunblock with protection factor 8 from sunlight.

The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate kaolin and Veegum Ultra at a moderate stirring speed at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^{° C.} and methyl paraben was added. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, propyl paraben, safflower oil, Trivalin SF, Palemol OL and Parsol MCX. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. Germall 115 was added at a temperature of 40 ^{° C.} and, when the temperature reached about 37-40 ^{° C.} , safflower oil bodies were slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and dye was added (red solution 33). The final pH (pH) was 6.0 and the viscosity was 25,000 cP (see table 8).

Example 18
Preparation of a skin care cream containing a stable derivative of vitamin A, retinyl palmitate.

The base composition C was further modified for use in a high-grade skin care cosmetic cream containing a stable derivative of vitamin A, retinyl palmitate. The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate Keltrol, panthenol and allantoin with moderate speed stirring at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Finsolv TN, Permethyl 101A, phenonip and retinyl palmitate.

The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At a temperature of 40 ^{° C.} , Basic Composition C was slowly added (see table 9).

Example 19
Preparation of dry cream.

The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate kaolin and magnesium and aluminum silicate with stirring at moderate speed at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Trivalin SF and Palemol OL. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At a temperature of 40 ^{° C.} Germaben II was slowly added, and when the temperature reached about 37-40 ^{° C.} , safflower oil bodies were slowly added. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. The final pH (pH) was adjusted to 6.0, and the final viscosity was 25060 cP (see table 10).

Example 20
Cooking night cream.

The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate kaolin and magnesium silicate, aluminum while stirring at moderate speed at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^o C. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, cetyl alcohol, Arlacel 165, Trivalin SF and Palemol OL. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 60 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. Glycolic acid was added at a temperature of 60 ^° C, a 25% sodium hydroxide solution was added at 50 ^° C, Germall 115 was added at 40 ^° C, and when the temperature reached about 37-40 ^° C, safflower oil bodies were slowly added. The final pH (pH) was adjusted to 3.64, and the final viscosity was 35,000 cP (see table 11).

Example 21
Preparation of facial mask preparation.

The composition was mixed with the emulsion in the following order. Phase I was the aqueous phase. In this phase, water was poured into the main tank. A propeller stirrer was used to hydrogenate kaolin and magnesium silicate, aluminum while stirring at moderate speed at room temperature. Then glycerin was added with continuous stirring. The aqueous phase was heated to a final temperature of 75-77 ^{° C.} and crude clay and Bentonite NF BC were added. Phase II, the oil phase, was mixed in a separate container at a moderate stirring speed and then heated to a temperature of 75-77 ^o C. The ingredients of the oil phase included: Dimethicone 350, Trivent OC-G, Arlacel 165, polyparabine and safflower oil. The final emulsification step included the addition of an oil phase (Phase II) to the aqueous phase (Phase I). Both phases were mixed at high speed with a propeller stirrer or homogenizer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes of stirring, the mixture was slowly cooled to 40 ^° C. The stirring speed was reduced as the temperature decreased. At a temperature of 40 ^{° C.} Germall 115 and phytic acid were added, and when the temperature reached about 37-40 ^{° C.} , safflower oil bodies were slowly added. The final pH (pH) was 1.49 and the viscosity was 45,000 cP (see table 12).

Example 22
Comparison of cosmetic preparations using washed oil bodies and lipid vesicles.

 The washed oil bodies were prepared as described in Example 2, they were pasteurized and 0.1% BHT, 0.1% BHA and 0.1% Glydant Plus were added. Lipid vesicles were prepared as described in US Pat. No. 5,683,740, except that they were prepared from safflower seeds, pasteurized, and 0.1% BHT, 0.1% BHA and 0.1% Glydant Plus were added.

Oil bodies and lipid vesicles were compared for emulsion stability, color change, odor, viscosity, development of microorganisms and parameters desirable for cosmetic preparations. To assess stability, the samples were tested at 45 ^° C, 4 ^° C and room temperature (three months at 45 ^° C are equivalent to approximately two years of storage at room temperature). To assess the stability of the emulsion, 150 g of each sample was kept at 45 ^° C and 75 g of each sample was kept at room temperature or at 4 ^° C. The stability of the emulsion was evaluated by separation of the emulsion, separation of oil droplets and coalescence. Samples aged at 4 ^{° C.} were used as reference for comparison. Color change was evaluated visually. The color was evaluated by the sample, which was subjected to accelerated "aging" in a heat chamber (at 45 ^° C), and the sample, which was kept at room temperature, and compared with the sample stored at 4 ^° C as a reference. Odor was evaluated in the same way as color, and compared with a sample stored at 4 ^{° C.} as a reference. To ensure authenticity, the smell was determined by two experts who agreed to the tasting. The viscosity of each sample was determined at room temperature using a model RVT viscometer with spindle E at a speed of 10 rpm. The development of microorganisms was determined by a sample weighing 10 g from each sample. The sample was dissolved and 1 ml of the solution was introduced into tryptic soy agar at 49 ^° C, subjected to vortex processing and allowed to cool. Crops in Petri dishes were incubated at 35 ^o C for 48 hours and the number of colonies of microorganisms was determined. Finally, three experts evaluated the cosmetic properties, of which two were familiar with oil bodies and lipid vesicles, while one expert was not. Cosmetic properties included: penetration into the skin, a residue remaining on the skin after the sample was rubbed into the skin, dryness (lack of moisture) and fat content.

Table 13 presents the test results of oil bodies. The pH of the sample of oil bodies was constantly at 6.50 in all tests at room temperature and at 45 ^o C. The preparation of oil bodies when applied to the skin was distributed evenly over the skin, while it quickly penetrated the skin and there was almost no residue on skin surface. The oil body preparation also retained the color, smell, viscosity and stability of the emulsion.

 Table 14 presents the test results of lipid vesicles. The pH of the sample from lipid vesicles was difficult to determine due to complete separation, but it was approximately 6.8. The preparation of lipid vesicles when applied to the skin was very oily and left a residue in the form of a film on the skin. The preparation of lipid vesicles was stable against the development of microorganisms, but did not preserve the color, smell and stability of the emulsion.

 The results mentioned above show that the preparation of oil bodies washed in oil is clearly superior to the preparation of lipid vesicles both in physical parameters (color, smell, stability) and in cosmetic parameters (permeability, remaining sediment and fat content). These properties are very important for drugs intended for personal care.

Claims (41)

 1. A method for producing an oil emulsion, comprising 1) obtaining oil bodies from a cell, 2) washing oil bodies to obtain washed oil bodies containing whole oil bodies of the same size, shape and density, and 3) mixing the washed oil bodies with a liquid phase to form emulsions.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the cell is a plant cell.  3. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the said plant cell is obtained from spores, pollen, seeds or the vegetative organ of the plant.  4. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the oil bodies are obtained from the seeds of the plant.  5. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that said step comprises the addition of a preservative agent.  6. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the emulsion is a food or feed product, personal care product, pharmaceutical product or industrial product.  7. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that said plant is an oilseed plant.  8. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that said plant is selected from the group of plants consisting of rapeseed (Brassica spp.), Soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), oil palm (Elaeis guineeis), cotton (species Gossypium), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), coconut (Cocus nucifera), castor oil (Ricinus communis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), mustard (Brassica spp. And Sinapis alba), coriander (Coriandrum sativuma), pumpkin , flax (Linum usitatissimum), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) and corn (Zea mays).  9. A method for producing an oil emulsion, comprising 1) obtaining oil bodies from plant seeds by a method that includes a) grinding the seeds of plants, b) removing solids from the milled seeds, c) separating the oil body phase from the aqueous phase; 2) washing the oil bodies with obtaining washed oil bodies containing whole oil bodies of the same size, shape and density; 3) mixing the washed oil bodies with the liquid phase to form an emulsion.  10. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the liquid phase is added before or after the grinding stage.  11. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that the liquid phase is added to the washed oil bodies and the liquid phase and the washed oil bodies are mixed until an emulsion is formed.  12. The method according to p. 10 or 11, characterized in that the said liquid phase is water.  13. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that the said liquid phase is present in the emulsion in an amount of 1 to 99 vol. %/about.  14. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that said plant is an oilseed plant.  15. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that said plant is selected from the group of plants consisting of rapeseed (Brassica spp.), Soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), oil palm (Elaeis guineeis), cotton (species Gossypium), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), coconut (Cocus nucifera), castor oil (Ricinus communis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), mustard (Brassica spp. And Sinapis alba), coriander (Coriandrum sativuma), pumpkin , flax (Linum usitatissimum), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) and corn (Zea mays).  16. The method of claim 9, wherein said solids are removed by centrifugation or filtration of said ground seeds.  17. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the said phase of the oil bodies is separated from the specified aqueous phase by a method based on gravity, or by a method based on size exclusion.  18. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the washed oil bodies are practically free of seed proteins, non-nutritional components, starch, glucosinylates or their breakdown products and fibers that do not belong to the oil bodies.  19. The method of claim 18, wherein said seed proteins are glycosylated.  20. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 9-19, characterized in that the said mixing step involves the addition of a preservative agent.  21. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 9-19, characterized in that the emulsion is a food or feed product, personal care product, pharmaceutical product or industrial product.  22. The method according to p. 18, characterized in that the seeds are immersed in the liquid phase before grinding for a period of from about 15 minutes to about 2 days.  23. An emulsion containing a preparation of washed oil bodies of the same size, shape and density, obtained by the method according to p. 1.  24. The emulsion according to p. 23, characterized in that it further includes a liquid phase.  25. The emulsion according to p. 24, characterized in that the said liquid phase is water.  26. The emulsion according to p. 23, characterized in that it further comprises a preservative.  27. The emulsion according to claim 23, wherein the oil bodies are obtained from a plant.  28. The emulsion according to claim 27, characterized in that the oil bodies are obtained from a plant selected from the group of plants consisting of rapeseed (Brassica spp.), Soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus ainnuus), oil palm (Elaeis guineeis) , cotton (Gossypium species), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), coconut (Cocus nucifera), castor oil (Ricinus communis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), mustard (Brassica spp. and Sinapis alba), coriander (Coriandrum sativa) (Cucurbita maxima), flax (Linum usitatissimum), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) and corn (Zea mays).  29. The emulsion according to any one of paragraphs. 23-28, characterized in that the emulsion is a food or feed product, personal care product, pharmaceutical product or industrial product.  30. The emulsion according to claim 29, characterized in that said food product is selected from the group consisting of non-dairy substitutes, non-dairy cheese, non-dairy yogurt, margarine, mayonnaise, vinaigrette (salad dressing sauce), glaze, ice cream, salad dressings, artificial mustard, sweets, chewing gum, pudding, baked goods, seasonings, juices, baby food, flavoring agents, texturing agents, cholesterol-free mayonnaise and bechamel sauce.  31. The emulsion according to p. 29, characterized in that said feed product is a pet food or livestock or fish feed.  32. The emulsion according to p. 29, characterized in that said personal care product is selected from the group consisting of soap, cosmetic products, skin creams, face creams, toothpaste, lipstick, perfume, makeup, substrates, blush, mascara for eyelashes, eye shadow, sun lotion and hair care products.  33. The emulsion according to claim 29, wherein said pharmaceutical product is selected from the group consisting of therapeutic agents, diagnostic agents, and delivery agents.  34. The emulsion according to p. 33, wherein the specified therapeutic agent is a growth hormone.  35. The emulsion according to claim 29, wherein said industrial product is selected from the group consisting of paints, coatings, lubricants, films, gels, drilling fluids, paper primers, latex, building materials or materials for road construction, ink , dyes, waxes, polishes and chemicals for agriculture.  36. A preparation for feeding fish, coated with an emulsion according to any one of paragraphs. 23-28.  37. A preparation for feeding fish according to claim 36, wherein said emulsion further comprises a therapeutic peptide.  38. A preparation for feeding fish according to claim 37, characterized in that said therapeutic peptide is a hormone.  39. A method of producing an oil emulsion for topical application, comprising 1) obtaining oil bodies from plant cells; 2) washing the oil bodies with obtaining washed oil bodies containing whole oil bodies of the same size, shape and density; 3) mixing the washed oil bodies with a suitable liquid phase to obtain an emulsion for topical application.  40. The method of claim 39, wherein the steps of obtaining oil bodies from a plant cell include a) grinding the seeds of the plants, b) removing solids from the ground seeds, and c) separating the phase of the oil bodies from the aqueous phase.  41. An oil emulsion for topical application, obtained by the method according to any one of p. 39 or 40 and containing washed oil bodies of the same size, shape and density in an amount of 1-99% and a liquid phase. Priority on points and signs of the formula:
05/27/1997 - on PP. 1-41, in addition to the sign “oil bodies washed”;
05/27/1998 - on PP. 1-41 and relates to the sign "oil bodies washed."

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