RU2197621C2 - Internal combustion engine gas neutralization method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to internal combustion engines and it is aimed at reduction of concentration of harmful matters discharged into atmosphere. According to proposed method, not exhaust gases from engine pass along heat-insulated exhaust pipe into heat-insulated reaction chamber, and atmospheric air is fed directly into heat-insulated reaction chamber owing to energy of exhaust gas flow. Exhaust gases and air are mixed in heat insulated reaction chamber. EFFECT: improved efficiency of neutralization of engine exhaust gases. 1 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to the use of internal combustion engines and is intended to reduce the concentration of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

 There is a method of neutralizing exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, including the flow of hot exhaust gases from the engine into a collector thermal oxidation reactor, where they create the conditions for the neutralization (oxidation) of toxic products of incomplete combustion of fuel due to the enrichment of exhaust gases with atmospheric air. A powerful pump is installed to supply atmospheric air. Reducing the content of nitric oxide is achieved by recirculation of exhaust gases to lower the combustion temperature in the internal combustion engine (see. "Environmental Chemistry." - Transl. From English / Ed. By A.P. Tsygankov. - M .: Chemistry, 1982, p. 224).

 A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need to use a powerful pump for forcing atmospheric air into the reactor chamber and gas recirculation.

 A thermal reactor system is known (US Pat. No. 4,110,976, class F 01 N 3/00) with a relatively small capacity, which neutralizes the exhaust gases by their long residence time in the reactor chamber, which stimulates the oxidation, as well as the burning of unburned components in the fire by heating to high temperatures of the end of the exhaust pipe.

 This system has a complex structure, is ineffective, since there is no access to atmospheric air, and therefore, oxygen, which is the main chemical element in the oxidation process.

 Closest to the proposed is a method of neutralizing the gases of internal combustion engines, including the flow of hot exhaust gases from the engine through the exhaust pipe into the reactor chamber, where they create the conditions for the neutralization (oxidation) of toxic products of incomplete combustion of fuel through the use of a catalytic converter, which is used as a catalyst platinum or its combination with other rare-earth metals (see. Mining Journal. 9. 2000. "Experience in the operation of catalytic converters on underground cars and mining vehicles ", p. 37 and 38).

 The disadvantage of this technical solution is the unstable neutralization (oxidation) of toxic products of incomplete combustion of fuel, depending on the temperature of the engine. At low temperatures, the efficiency of neutralization (oxidation) decreases.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of neutralization of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

 The goal in the proposed method of neutralizing exhaust gases of internal combustion engines is achieved by the fact that the exhaust gases are mixed with atmospheric air in the reactor chamber, atmospheric air is supplied to the reactor chamber due to the energy of the exhaust gas stream, and the exhaust pipe and the second chamber are thermally insulated. Through the use of atmospheric air, namely the oxygen in it, neutralization (oxidation) of toxic products of incomplete combustion of fuel occurs. Atmospheric air is supplied to the reactor chamber due to the energy of the exhaust gas stream using the ejection effect, which is created by the hot exhaust gas stream leaving the exhaust pipe nozzle at high speed. To maintain the high temperature of the exhaust gases, thereby creating better conditions for the neutralization (oxidation) of toxic products of incomplete combustion of fuel, the exhaust pipe and the reactor chamber are insulated.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed method for neutralizing exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, where 1 is an exhaust pipe from an internal combustion engine, 2 is a reactor chamber, 3 is a nozzle, 4 is heat insulation, 5 is an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine, 6 is an atmospheric stream air, 7 - a mixture of engine exhaust streams with atmospheric air.

 The method of neutralizing exhaust gases of internal combustion engines is as follows. From the engine through the exhaust pipe 1 through the nozzle 3 passes the stream of exhaust gases 5 directed into the reactor chamber 2, due to the ejection effect, the stream of atmospheric air 6 enters the reactor chamber 2, where a mixture of exhaust gas flows of the engine with atmospheric air 7 is formed and the exhaust is neutralized gases.

 The proposed technical solution is implemented on motor vehicles used in the mines of SKRU-1, 2, 3 of Silvinit OJSC.

 Compared with the prototype, the proposed technical solution will allow equipping the fleet of motor vehicles with a highly efficient exhaust gas neutralizer, which will affect the environmental situation in the immediate vicinity of the emission sources.

Claims (1)

 A method of neutralizing exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, including the intake of hot exhaust gases from the engine through a thermally insulated exhaust pipe into a thermally insulated reactor chamber, where neutralization of toxic products of incomplete combustion of the fuel is created, wherein the exhaust gases are mixed with atmospheric air in the reactor chamber, characterized in that the atmospheric air is fed into the reactor chamber due to the energy of the exhaust gas stream (using the ejection effect).