RU2194474C2 - Method for prophylaxis and treatment of afterbirth retention in cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary surgery, veterinary obstetrics. SUBSTANCE: after calving, during 3-4 h, by taking into consideration the rules of aseptics and antiseptics, one should find the umbilical cord with incoming vessels (a vein and arteries) and press out thrombi and blood with slipping manual movement, the site of rupture and narrowing of umbilical cord should be cut with scissors. The method is simple in implementation, requires no special preparation of specialists and financial expenses. EFFECT: higher efficiency of prophylaxis and therapy. 1 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of veterinary obstetrics, in particular to a method for the prevention and treatment of retention of the placenta in cows.

 Currently, the problem of retention of afterbirth in cows remains relevant. On average, in the country 14.8% of cows are detained by the placenta, and over the past decades the number of cows with placenta retention has not changed and remained at the level of 15-18%, despite significant changes in the technologies of keeping, feeding and veterinary services (V. Inozemtsev . 1994).

 Currently, there is a known method of treating cows with an afterbirth retention, which consists in administering a drug from the placenta of cows (FFA and biostimulants) [1, 2].

 A known method of treating cows with retention of the placenta, comprising as a medicine an extract from the placenta in combination with staphylococcus, streptococcus, proteus, colibacteriosis and pasteurellosis bacteriophage. The drug is administered in a dose of 50-60 ml in the area of the sciatic-rectal fossa, in the loose connective tissue tissue on both sides twice (the dose is divided into two parts), the first injection is 6-8 hours after delivery, the second is 8-12 hours after the first administration of 0.1 mg / kg body weight.

 If during this time the placenta has not separated, then it is removed surgically.

 Cows after removing the placenta by introducing the above drugs in a timely manner came to the hunt [3].

 There is also known a method of removing the afterbirth of cows, including the introduction of the aforementioned (in reference 3) preparations at a dose of 0.1 mg / kg body weight of the animal twice - the 1st time after birth, 2nd after 8-12 hours after the 1st injection.

 The method provides high-quality prevention of retention of afterbirth and postpartum complications due to antimicrobial, biogenic and hormonal effects on the animal’s body [4].

 There is also a method of treating retention of the placenta in cows with the help of a domestic electric separator of the placenta (EP-2) and the electronic separator of the placenta "Elegant", which are introduced into the uterine horn with its inclusion in the power grid. Next, observe the animal for 1 hour (the latter separated in 20% of the animals) [5].

 As a result of the rupture of the umbilical cord during the expulsion of the fetus, two paired arteries and the umbilical vein, which form the basis of the umbilical cord, rupture. The last (vein) in the etiology of retention of the placenta plays a decisive role: through this vessel, oxygen-rich blood flows from the chorion to the fetus and through it after the fetus is expelled during uterine contractions, excess blood must flow out. But quite often this vessel narrows and thromboses at the rupture site. This contributes to the preservation of pressure in the vessels of the chorion and, accordingly, the preservation of the turgor of villi of cotyledons. As a result of this, the chorionic villi do not leave the crypts of the karunculi. After 6-8 hours, the inflammatory process of the uterine mucosa is manifested, since there is direct contact with necrotic tissue and its decomposition products, the nature and intensity of which depends on the reactivity of the body, the number of catedilones that have not separated from the quranules, and the conditions under which this process proceeds .

 12-24 hours after calving with delay in the placenta, the inflammatory process is considered as endometritis, and the placenta remaining in the uterus is considered an extreme irritant (a source of toxins formed in necrotic tissues and a medium for the propagation of microorganisms).

 In our opinion, the leading role in the etiology of retention of the placenta belongs to umbilical vein thrombosis.

 Our task was to develop an effective way to prevent and treat retention of the placenta in cows with minimal physical and material costs.

 We managed to achieve this due to the fact that within 3-4 hours after calving, observing the rules of aseptic and antiseptic, the umbilical cord is found, hands are removed with a sliding motion from the placenta to the place of blood clot rupture and blood accumulated in it, and the place of the umbilical cord rupture and narrowing is cut off with scissors.

 The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

 For 3-4 hours after calving, the labia area is carried out, antimicrobials are injected into the uterus for the prevention of inflammatory processes, they put on obstetric gloves lubricated with antiseptic ointment, and proceed to find the umbilical cord, which includes the umbilical vein. Depending on the place of rupture, it either hangs along with the placenta from the vagina, or is located in the uterus. The umbilical cord is a fluctuating cord 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter. With a sliding motion of the hand, blood clots and blood are removed from it, and the place of rupture and narrowing is cut off with scissors. This is done within 3-4 hours after calving, since later blood coagulates in smaller vessels and a decrease in its pressure is not possible.

 During childbirth, the umbilical cord must be cut 15 cm from the umbilical ring and to check whether there is an outflow of blood from it.

 Example. In the experiment, there were 138 cows in which two to five hours have passed since the fetus was removed. After calving, the umbilical cord was found in these animals, blood clots and blood were removed from it by sliding movements of the hand from the placenta to the rupture site, and the site of narrowing of the umbilical cord was cut off with scissors. As a result, it was found that in 134 animals, the placenta separated within one to two hours, while in the rest, the placenta was removed operatively. This amounted to 3% of calving cows.

 The proposed method was tested by us with a positive result on 138 heads of cows from April 1998 to 2000.

 The proposed method in comparison with the known ones is effective, available in any conditions, requires minimal material and physical costs, does not require much time and special education, it will eliminate the reason for the delay of the afterbirth.

 The proposed method will find application in livestock farms of the country and the private sector and will increase livestock productivity.

Sources of information
1. The journal "Veterinary Medicine", 1977, 5, p. 76-77.

 2. Reference "Veterinary drugs". - M .: Kolos, 1981, p. 404.

 3. Patent 2138274, A 61 K 35/50, 1999.

 4. Patent 2149638, A 61 K 35/30, 2000.

 5. The journal "Veterinary Medicine", 5, 1994, p. 46-47.

Claims (1)

 A method for the prevention and treatment of retention of the placenta in cows, characterized in that within 3-4 hours after calving, in compliance with the rules of aseptic and antiseptic, an umbilical cord is found, which includes the umbilical vein, and thrombi and blood accumulated in it are removed with a sliding movement of the hand. , and the place of rupture and narrowing of the umbilical cord is cut with scissors for further outflow of blood.