RU219285U1 - Gondola railway eight-axle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport and concerns the design of the bodies of universal gondola cars. An eight-axle railway gondola car includes two four-axle bogies (1), automatic couplers (2), brake equipment (3) and a body (4). The body contains a frame (5) with covers (6) in the floor and a composite center beam (7) consisting of the upper (7.1) and lower (7.2) sections. Side (8) and end (9) walls are installed on the frame. The side and end walls consist of a frame (10), including horizontal longitudinal (11) and vertical (12) profiles, and a skin (13) located on the inside of the body. Each end wall has several sections, and the upper section (9.1) is extended beyond the frame towards the coupler and is made of a flat shape. The length (L) of the gondola car body ranges from 19692 mm to 19730 mm. The width (B) of the gondola car body does not exceed 3212 mm. The height (H) of the gondola car from the level of the rail head (14) does not exceed 3824 mm. The height (h) from the level of the rail head to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile (15) of the side wall frame is in the range from 1431 mm to 1458 mm. The utility model allows you to create a design of an eight-axle railway gondola car, which will increase the number of gondola cars in the train, thereby increasing the volume of cargo transported in the whole train, in combination with increasing the rigidity and strength of the body, and will also reduce labor costs in the manufacture of the gondola car body. 6 ill.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to railway transport and concerns the body structure of universal gondola cars.

A gondola car design is known [RF Patent for utility model No. 158582 published on 03/03/2015], consisting of undercarriages, couplers, braking equipment, a body consisting of a base in the form of a beam frame containing a spinal, two pivot and two end beams connected to the base of the side and end walls, while each end wall consists of a frame and sheathing and includes the upper part and the lower part, while the upper part is located vertically and is made of a flat shape, and the lower part is located obliquely and connects the upper part with the end beam, and the upper part of the end wall is located at a distance of 100 to 300 mm, measured horizontally from the sheathing of the upper part of the end wall to the middle part of the end surface of the end beam at the installation site of the impact socket.

The disadvantage of this design is the execution of the connection of the lower part of the end wall with the end beam in such a way that the upper part of the end wall is located at a distance of 100 to 300 mm, measured horizontally from the sheathing of the upper part of the end wall to the middle part of the end surface of the end beam at the location of the impact socket.

The location of these elements significantly reduces the manufacturability of the gondola car body due to the complex design of the end wall of the gondola car body, which requires large labor costs in the manufacture, which together is a very laborious process that increases the production cycle.

The above disadvantages lead to a significant increase in the cost of manufacturing the gondola car body structure.

Also known is the design of a universal eight-axle gondola model 12-541 [I.F. Pastukhov, V.V. Lukin, N.I. Zhukov "Wagons", M., Transport 1988, p. 170-], consisting of a body with a frame, side and end walls, brake equipment, four-axle bogies and automatic couplers. The end walls of the body are made in the form of double-leaf doors, hinged on the corner posts of the body and opening inwards. The length of the gondola car along the axes of the coupling of the automatic coupler is 20240 mm; maximum width of the gondola car body - 3190 mm; the height of the gondola car from the level of the rail head - 3970 mm; gondola body volume - 140.3 m ³ .

The disadvantage of this design is the placement of the end wall, made in the form of a double-leaf end door, shifted into the interior of the gondola frame. This design feature of the gondola car body helps to reduce the volume of transported cargo.

In addition, the side walls of the gondola car body do not have a rigid connection between themselves due to the double-leaf design of the end doors. As a result, during the transportation of cargo, there are overloads of the connections of the racks of the side walls with the frame of the gondola car body and their damage.

The design of a railway freight car is known [RF Patent for utility model No. 158625 published on January 20, 2016], consisting of a body with a frame, side and end walls, brake equipment, a bogie and a coupler, and the upper part of the end wall is made flat and extended beyond the frame, the lower boundary of the extended end wall is connected to the frame by an inclined section, and the outer length of the body is less than the distance between the axles of the automatic couplers of the gondola car by 550-700 mm.

This utility model was chosen as a prototype.

A significant disadvantage is that the end wall is made flat, that is, frameless, which reduces the strength of the body and leads to fractures of the end wall. During the operation of such a gondola car, the destruction of the end walls will most likely occur and, as a result, the requirement for the safety of the cargo will not be met, which is unacceptable.

At the same time, a significant disadvantage of this utility model is the implementation of a gondola car with a length along the axes of coupling of automatic coupling devices of 13920 mm (13.920 m) in accordance with GOST 26725-97 “Four-axle universal gondola cars for 1520 mm gauge mainline railways. General technical conditions”, under which it is possible to place on the station tracks with a length of 988.32 m of cars in the amount of not more than 71 pcs. Based on the parameters of the universal gondola car model 12-132 with a body volume of 88 m ^a - 13.920-0.55-0.150⋅2=13.070 m (taking into account the difference in dimensions along the coupling axes of the automatic couplers and the length of the body - 0.55 m and the width of the upper trim of the end walls - 0.150 m, which can be larger, then the volume of the body will be less than the calculated one)). Thus, the body volume will be 2.930⋅2.360⋅13.070=90.38 m ³ , therefore, a train formed from such gondola cars can carry cargo (for example, coal) with a volume of 6417 m ³ . This fact allows us to conclude that it is possible to increase the volume of cargo carried in the train, formed from such gondola cars, while the weight of the train remained unchanged.

In addition, this gondola car has an increased tare weight, which increases the length of the rolled products (profiles) used, such as the center beam z, the center beam I-beam, the upper trim of the side wall, the lower trim of the side wall, corrugated sheathing, the cost of which is increased due to the laboriousness of manufacturing profiles.

The task to be solved by the claimed utility model is to create a gondola car design that will increase the number of gondola cars in the train, thereby increasing the volume of cargo carried in the whole train, in combination with increasing the rigidity and strength of the body, as well as reducing labor costs in the manufacture of the gondola car body.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the length of the gondola car body ranges from 19692 mm to 19730 mm, the width of the gondola car body does not exceed 3212 mm, the height of the gondola car from the level of the rail head does not exceed 3824 mm, the height from the level of the rail head to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile of the side wall frame ranges from 1431 mm to 1458 mm.

The essence of the proposed design lies in the fact that the half -wagon of the eight -axine includes two four -axle carts, automatic vehicles, brake equipment and a body containing a frame with lids in the floor and an integral ridge beam consisting of the upper and lower sections, side and end walls consisting of a frame, including horizontal longitudinal and vertical profiles, and the lining, and the lining, and the shear, The wives on the inside of the body, while each end wall has several sections, and the upper section is extended beyond the frame towards the auto -entertaining device and is made by a flat shape, while the length of the half -band is the range from 19692 mm to 19730 mm, the width of the half -wagon body does not exceed 3212 mm, the height of the half -water from the level of the rail does not exceed 3824 mm, the height of the head of the head of the head of the head. CA to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile of the frame of the side wall is a range from 1431 mm to 1458 mm.

The ratio of the height of the lower section of the main beam to the height of the upper section of the main beam is more than 2.389.

The length of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers is 20240 mm.

The frame length ranges from 19015 mm to 19025 mm.

The gondola base is 12000 mm.

Equipped with bogies with an axle load of 25 tons per axle.

In the lower part of the body, on the side of each end wall, an end sill is installed, connecting the end wall sheathing to the frame.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings:

fig. 1 - general view of the gondola car;

fig. 2 - gondola car (type D);

fig. 3 - gondola car (section A-A);

fig. 4 - end wall of the gondola car;

fig. 5 - end wall of the gondola car (section B-B);

fig. 6 - spinal beam of the frame of the gondola car (section B-B).

An eight-axle railway gondola car includes two four-axle bogies (1), automatic couplers (2), brake equipment (3) and a body (4). The body (4) contains a frame (5) with covers (6) in the floor and a composite center beam (7) consisting of the upper (7.1) and lower (7.2) sections. Side (8) and end (9) walls are installed on the frame (5). Side (8) and end (9) walls consist of a frame (10), including horizontal longitudinal (11) and vertical (12) profiles, and skin (13) located on the inside of the body (4). Each end (9) wall has several sections, and the upper section (9.1) is extended beyond the frame (5) towards the coupler (2) and is made of a flat shape. The length (L) of the body (4) of the gondola car ranges from 19692 mm to 19730 mm. The width (B) of the gondola car body (4) does not exceed 3212 mm. The height (H) of the gondola car from the level of the rail head (14) does not exceed 3824 mm. The height (h) from the level of the rail head (14) to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile (15) of the frame (10) of the side (8) wall is in the range from 1431 mm to 1458 mm.

The ratio of the height (b) of the lower (7.2) section of the main beam (7) to the height (a) of the upper (7.1) section of the main beam (7) is more than 2.389.

The length (L1) of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers is 20240 mm.

The length (L2) of the frame ranges from 19015 mm to 19025 mm.

The base (B) of the gondola car is 12000 mm.

The gondola car is equipped with bogies (1) with an axle load of 25 tons per axle.

In the lower part of the body (4), on the side of each end (9) wall, there is an end sill (16) connecting the skin (13) of the end (9) wall with the frame (5).

The technical result of the claimed utility model is that the length of the gondola car body ranges from 19692 mm to 19730 mm, the width of the gondola car body does not exceed 3212 mm, the height of the gondola car from the level of the rail head does not exceed 3824 mm, the height from the level of the rail head to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile of the side wall frame ranges from 1431 mm to 1458 mm, which allows you to increase the volume of transported cargo (for example, coal ) in one train, located on tracks 988.32 m long, by 2.15%.

This indicator was obtained as follows:

taking into account that the outer length (L) of the body is in the range from 19692 mm to 19730 mm, and the thickness (S ₁ ) which includes the thickness of the upper trim of the end wall and the displacement of the reinforcing strips in the corners of the embedding of the upper trim of the side and end walls beyond the upper trim of the end wall, is 174 mm on each side, then the internal length (L3) of the body is calculated as follows:

min: 19692 mm - (174 mm + 174 mm) = 19692 mm - 348 mm = 19344 mm (19.344 m);

max: 19730 mm - (174 mm+174 mm)=19730 mm - 348 mm=19382 mm (19.382 m),

taking into account that the outer width (B) of the gondola car body does not exceed 3212 mm, and the thickness (S ₂ ) of the upper trim of the side wall is 124 mm on each side, the inner width (B1) of the body is calculated as follows:

3212 mm - (124 mm + 124 mm) = 3212 mm - 248 mm = 2964 mm (2.964 m);

while the internal height of the body (A) is the difference (H-h):

min: 3824 mm - 1458 mm=2366 mm (2.366 m);

max: 3824 mm - 1431 mm=2393 mm (2.393 m),

body volume is calculated as the product of length, width and height:

19.344 m ⋅ 2.964 m ⋅ 2.366 m \u003d 135.66 m ³ .

19.344 m ⋅ 2.964 m ⋅ 2.393 m \u003d 137.20 m ³ .

19.382 m ⋅ 2.964 m ⋅ 2.366 m \u003d 135.92 m ³ .

19.382 m ⋅ 2.964 m ⋅ 2.393 m \u003d 137.47 m ³ ,

we find the average body volume (135.66 m ³ + 137.20 m ^{3 +} 135.92 m ³ + 137.47 m ³ ) / 4 \u003d 136.56 m ³ ;

we find the number of gondola cars according to the proposed technical solution in one train, placed on a railway track with a length of 988.32 m;

at the same time, the nominal length of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers is 20240 mm (20.240 m):

988.32/20.240=48.8 gondola cars, therefore, it is possible to install 48 gondola cars in one train.

The volume of cargo in one train, formed from such gondola cars, will be 6554.88 m ³ (136.56 m ³ ⋅ 48 field = 6554.88 m ³ )

Thus, if we make comparisons with the prototype (6416.98 m ³ ), it is possible to assert that the proposed utility model (6554.88 m ³ ) increases the volume of cargo carried in one train by 2.15%.

The implementation of the ratio of the height of the lower section of the main beam to the height of the upper section of the main beam in such a way that it is more than 2.389 allows you to increase the volume of the body, reduce the center of gravity of the gondola car, and, as a result, improve the dynamic qualities of the car.

This ratio of the heights of the main beam was obtained as follows:

The height (a) of the upper section is max 128.5 mm.

The height (b) of the lower section is min 307 mm.

Ratio (b)/(a)=307mm/128.5mm=2.389.

That is, the ratio of the height of the lower section of the main beam to the height of the upper section of the main beam is more than 2.389.

The length of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers with a size of 20240 mm ensures the installation of 48 gondola cars according to the proposed utility model in one train located on tracks 988.32 m long.

The execution of the frame length in the range from 19015 mm to 19025 mm ensures the length of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers in the amount of 20240 mm.

The implementation of the gondola car base, that is, the distance between the two centers of the pivot nodes, in the amount of 12000 mm, ensures the unhindered passage of the gondola car into the radius curves of the railway tracks.

Installation of bogies with an axle load of 25 tons per axle under the gondola car body provides an increase in the gondola car carrying capacity, which in turn increases the train carrying capacity.

The execution in the lower part of the body from the side of each end wall of the end sill, which connects the skin of each end wall with the end beam, allows to increase the strength in the lower part of the gondola car body.

Currently, design documentation has been developed for the declared utility model and comprehensive testing of prototypes is being carried out.

Claims (7)

1. An eight-axle railway gondola car, including two four-axle bogies, automatic couplers, braking equipment and a body containing a frame with covers in the floor and a composite spinal beam consisting of upper and lower sections, side and end walls are installed on the frame, consisting of a frame, including horizontal longitudinal and vertical profiles, and a skin located on the inside of the body, with each end wall having several sections, moreover the upper section is extended beyond the frame towards the automatic coupler and is made of a flat shape, characterized in that the gondola car body length ranges from 19692 mm to 19730 mm, the gondola car body width does not exceed 3212 mm, the gondola car height from the rail head level does not exceed 3824 mm, the height from the rail head level to the lower horizontal longitudinal profile of the side wall frame ranges from 1431 mm to 1458 mm. 2. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the height of the lower section of the center beam to the height of the upper section of the center beam is more than 2.389. 3. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the gondola car along the axes of coupling of automatic couplers is 20240 mm. 4. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame length ranges from 19015 mm to 19025 mm. 5. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the gondola car is 12,000 mm. 6. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with bogies with an axle load of 25 tons per axle. 7. An eight-axle railway gondola car according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the body, on the side of each end wall, an end sill is installed, connecting the end wall sheathing to the frame.