RU2189916C1 - Tank for transportation of oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; tanks for transportation and discharge of thickening products, such as fuel oils. SUBSTANCE: proposed tank has screens secured parallel to walls of barrel forming cylindrical surface with two end faces and two side walls with apertures on upper and lower sides. Two branch pipes are installed in upper filler hatch of tank. Lower ends of branch pipes are rigidly fixed in clearances between side walls of barrel and screens. Upper ends of branch pipes are furnished with unions for connecting with feed main line of product having low solidification point or low thermal conductivity. EFFECT: decreased labor input and power consumption for cleaning tank from thickened remnants of black oil products. 2 dwg

Description

 The device relates to railway transport, and more particularly to means of transportation and unloading of thickened liquid products, in particular oil products, such as fuel oil.

 Known specialized tanks for the transportation of thickening liquids, which use devices that restore fluidity before draining [1]. As a rule, these tanks have lower discharge devices, and the restoration of fluidity is reduced to its heating, as well as to the heating of the drain pipe.

 The disadvantages of these tank cars are the duration of the liquid heating procedure (about a day, depending on the air temperature and transportation time) and the high cost of this technological operation.

 As a prototype for the claimed object, a standard tank for oil products of model 15-1443 was chosen, including a cylindrical boiler installed horizontally on a transport trolley, having a top loading hatch and a lower drain pipe [2].

When transporting thickened petroleum products, such as fuel oil, in this tank, the following difficulties arise that determine the disadvantages of the prototype:
a) the need for prolonged heating of the product before discharge;
b) the need for large expenditures of thermal energy spent on heating the product;
c) the need for a long-term steaming and cleaning of the walls of the tank boiler from thickened and hardened residues of dark oil product before pouring light oil products, for example kerosene, into it.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce labor and energy costs associated with the cleaning of tanks from thickened residues of dark petroleum products.

 This object is achieved in that the tank for transporting petroleum products contains screens fixed parallel to the walls of the boiler, forming a cylindrical surface with two ends and two side walls, with openings on the upper and lower sides, while two pipes are installed in the upper loading hatch, the lower ends of which are rigidly fixed in the gaps between the side walls of the boiler and the screens, and the upper ones are equipped with fittings that provide connections to the highway for supplying a low-rate oil product Aturi hardening or low thermal conductivity.

 In FIG. 1 shows the inventive tank in a section perpendicular to the axis of the boiler. In FIG. 2 shows the geometric shape of the surface formed by the screens located inside the boiler.

 The boiler 1 of the tank is mounted on a transport trolley 2. The boiler 1 is equipped with an upper filling hatch 3 and a lower drain pipe 4. Parallel to the walls of the boiler 1, screens 5 are installed on its inner side, forming a cylindrical surface parallel to the walls of the boiler 1 except for the upper and lower sides, so so that the upper filling hatch 3 and the lower drain pipe 4 directly communicate with the internal volume 6 of the boiler 1. Between the walls of the boiler 1 and the shields 5 on the lateral end surfaces there are gaps 7 into which the pipe outlets are inserted 8, the inputs of which are equipped with fittings 9 and are rigidly fixed in the upper loading hatch 3. The ratio of the volume of the gaps 7 to the internal volume 6 of the boiler 1 does not exceed 0.01. The nozzles 9 provide a connection between the nozzles 8 and the line 10, which is connected to a tank 11 filled with oil having a low thickening temperature (e.g., crude oil) or low thermal conductivity (e.g., boiled hot fuel oil). The fixing of the screens 5 in the boiler 1 of the tank is provided by stops 12, the length of which determines the width of the gaps 7.

 The operation of the device is as follows.

 Viscous transported liquid, such as fuel oil, is poured through the upper filler hatch 3 into the volume of boiler 6. When the liquid level reaches the lower edge of the screens 5, the oil having a low solidification temperature or low thermal conductivity is pumped through the nozzles 8 into the gaps 7 between the walls of the boiler 1 and the screens 5 The filling of fuel oil and this oil product is carried out simultaneously so that the liquid levels in the internal volume of the boiler 6 and in the gaps 7 rise up at the same speed. The oil product is fed into the gaps 7 due to the fact that the nozzles 8 are connected by means of fittings 9 to the line 10 connected to the tank 11, where this oil product is prepared in advance.

 Petroleum products having a low thickening temperature can be most varieties of crude oil. An oil product having a low thermal conductivity can be black oil or viscous oil grades, previously converted by means of bubbling into the state of a dispersoid-liquid in which air is dispersed in the form of small bubbles.

 Drain products from the tank through the lower drain pipe 4. Both liquids are mixed when draining. Due to the small volume attributable to the gaps 7, this mixture does not impair the quality of the fuel oil.

The efficiency of the device is as follows. Crude oil has a low thermal conductivity and a low thickening temperature (-20 ÷ -70 ^o C) depending on the types of oil. The oil layer in the gaps 7 between the screens 5 and the walls of the boiler 1 plays the role of a heat insulator that protects fuel oil from thickening in the volume 6 of boiler 1. After draining the fuel oil, all the walls of the structure are washed without steaming the tank boiler. Oil is relatively easily transformed into an emulsion state and is washed off from gaps 7.

 If a fuel oil-air dispersoid is used as a heat insulator, then it hardens and hardens at low temperatures. At the same time, however, its strength is significantly (hundreds of times) less than the strength of hardened fuel oil and it is relatively easily destroyed under the influence of a jet of hot water. A preliminary steaming of the tank is not required in this case either.

Sources of information
1. L. A. Shadur and others. Wagons (a textbook for high schools of railway transport edited by L. A. Shadur), M., Transport, 1980, p.339-379.

 2. V.K. Gubenko and others. Tanks (device, operation, repair): Reference manual. M., Transport, 1990, 151 p.

Claims (1)

 A tank for transporting petroleum products, including a cylindrical-shaped boiler installed horizontally on a transported truck, having a top loading hatch and a lower drain pipe, characterized in that it further comprises screens fixed parallel to the boiler walls, forming a cylindrical surface with two ends and two side walls, having openings on the upper and lower sides, while in the upper loading hatch there are two nozzles, the lower ends of which are rigidly fixed in the gaps between the sides and the walls of the boiler and the screens, and the upper ends are equipped with nipples for connection to a manifold supplying oil having a low solidification temperature or low thermal conductivity.

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