RU218855U1 - Piston ring tester for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of repair of automotive engines, in particular to the testing of solid piston rings when fitting them to liners. All elements are assembled on a common basis of the device. The body of the device is fixed on the rack with a nut. The stand, in turn, is fixed on the common base of the device. The body of the device can be located in a vertical plane in horizontal and vertical positions, as well as in any angular position from 0° to 90°. The body can also change the vertical distance relative to the surface of the common base of the device. Inside the body of the device, three electric bulbs are located through 120° with the possibility of adjusting their distance relative to the controlled ring, which are turned on and off by a push-button switch located on the common base of the device. The body of the common base is grounded by a ground electrode. Radial ventilation holes made in the base of the case help to avoid overheating of the bulbs. The technical result is to increase the accuracy and productivity of the operation of testing the quality of fit of the piston ring of automotive engines to the wall of the liner in the light, as well as to increase safety when using the device.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of repair of automotive engines, in particular to the testing of solid piston rings when fitting them to liners.

A known device for quality control of the fit of the piston rings to the cylinder wall in the light [1, p. 168, Fig. 127], which includes an adapter, a guide ring, a stand on which the sleeve of an autotractor engine (or reference cylinder) is installed in a vertical position. The device also contains an incandescent lamp located at the bottom of the stand coaxially with the sleeve. The quality control of the fit of the ring to the wall of the sleeve in the light using this device is carried out as follows. The sleeve is mounted on a stand in a vertical position coaxially with the incandescent lamp. The ring to be checked is installed in the sleeve. A guide made of a material that does not transmit light is installed on the ring. The diameter of the adapter must be smaller than the diameter of the ring so as not to block the light passing through the gaps between the ring and the wall of the sleeve. Using the guide ring, the controlled ring is finally set perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve. They turn on the incandescent lamp and carefully study the quality of the fit of the tested ring around the entire circumference to the wall of the sleeve. The radial clearance (clearance) should not exceed 0.02 mm [2, p. 72, 2nd paragraph from above]. The gap is allowed in no more than two places on arcs of 30 °. Radial clearance is also not allowed at an arc of 30° from the joint. This device has significant disadvantages, which are as follows. The sleeve with the ring during the control is located only in a vertical position, which can cause inconvenience to the operator in the process of studying the quality of the fit, since he has to stand on his feet so that his eyes are located on top exactly perpendicular to the guide, and not skewed. Since the operator has to perform this operation many times during the shift, it is tiring (since he is standing in an uncomfortable position for himself), which leads to his rapid fatigue, ultimately, and to a decrease in the quality of control and productivity. The known device also lacks the ability to regulate and fix the distance of the bulb from the controlled ring, to establish a clear contrast of the penetrating light beam through the gap between the ring and the wall of the sleeve. This is a big drawback, because depending on the brand of the engine, the height of the sleeve is different. The next big drawback is that it is difficult to orient the light bulb along the axis of the sleeve at each subsequent inspection, since the mismatch between the axis of the bulb and the axis of the sleeve leads to the appearance of a shadow around the circumference of the ring.

Closest to the proposed device is a device for checking piston rings [3, p. 70, fig. 40], the body of which is fixed with a bolt on the base at an angle to the surface of the base. The fixed location of the housing at an angle to the base is a big disadvantage, since the device cannot be adjusted in an angular position convenient for the operator to observe. That is, the operator cannot place the device during operation in an angular position convenient for its anthropological characteristics. This leads to fatigue during work, to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the quality of the fit of the ring to the wall of the sleeve, as well as to a decrease in productivity. Two electric lamps located inside the device (actually in a closed space) emit heat during operation, which leads to overheating of the device parts, which is unsafe. In this case, the bulbs themselves overheat, which reduces their life. The light bulbs are connected to the electrical network through a long cord with a plug, which also creates inconvenience in the process of work, since in the process of work you often have to turn on and off the light bulbs. From the workplace, it is problematic to reach the outlet, which, as a rule, is located on the wall of the room at a certain distance from the device, especially in emergency cases of shutdown. The bulbs on the housing are fixed, which does not allow adjusting the distance between the bulbs and the ring being tested in such a way that the light comes out through the gap between the ring and the wall of the sleeve with the maximum flow. Since the height and diameter of the sleeves are different, and the axial position of the bulbs relative to the controlled ring must be positioned so that the light flux can pass through the slots between the ring and the wall of the sleeve as much as possible. Since the device is supplied with electric current, and the device is not grounded, therefore, the device presents an electrical hazard to the operator.

Thus, the known devices for quality control of the fit of piston rings have many disadvantages, the design of the proposed device is aimed at eliminating these disadvantages.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed device for checking piston rings of internal combustion engines, in the angular position of the device body, convenient for the operator, and the following designations are accepted:

1 - common base of the device; 2 - housing mounting bracket; 3 - body; 4 - a nut of fastening of the case to a rack; 5 - body base; 6 - light bulbs in the amount of three pieces; 7 - adjusting stand; 8 - radially located ventilation holes in the base; 9 - ground electrode; 10 - electric cord; 11 - fork; 12 - operator's eye; 13 - groove of the body mounting rack; 14 - push-button switch; α is the angle of the housing axis relative to the horizontal coordinate axis X-X; U-U - vertical coordinate axis; h - distance of the axis of the body from the surface of the common base; the arrow indicates the possibility of axial movement of the bulbs; the arrow next to the operator's eye shows the direction of the operator's gaze.

In FIG. 2 - General view of the proposed device for checking the piston rings of internal combustion engines, when the housing axis is in a vertical position along the Y-Y coordinate axis, the designations are the same as in Fig. 1.

In FIG. 3 - Electrical diagram of the proposed device, the designations are the same as in Fig. 1.

In FIG. 4 - the location of the ventilation holes in the base of the case, where the following designations are accepted: R - the radius of the location of the centers of the holes in the base of the case, the rest of the designations are the same as in Fig. 1.

The ability to adjust the position of the body axis of the proposed device in the vertical plane from 0° (horizontal position) to 90° (vertical position) allows you to install the device in a position convenient for the operator during operation. This reduces its fatigue, allows you to study in more detail the quality of fit of the checked piston ring, thereby increasing the accuracy of control.

The installation of a push-button switch directly on the device itself allows you to quickly and conveniently turn on and off the bulbs during operation (such a need arises very often, for example, when changing rings for control) and eliminates the need to turn off or turn on the device through an electric cord with a plug located at a remote distance from the device.

The implementation of ventilation holes on the base of the housing allows to avoid overheating of the bulbs during operation and thereby extend their service life, makes it possible to use more powerful lamps, which allows better control of the gaps between the ring and the wall of the sleeve due to the increased luminous flux. The use of three light bulbs in the proposed device instead of two light bulbs also improves the usability of the device and the accuracy of the control results.

The design of the device with the possibility of moving the light bulbs in the axial direction allows them to be placed in an axial position so that the intensity of light passing through the gap between the ring and the wall of the sleeve is maximum. This situation arises when checking piston rings of liners of different heights and diameters.

Any device to which electric current is supplied, no matter 12V or 220V, must be grounded, since there is no guarantee that there will be no insulation breakdown and electric current will not enter the device case. Moreover, the device consists of metal elements. Grounding the device case increases the electrical safety of the operator when working with the device. Operator safety is more important than other design improvements of known piston ring inspection devices.

The design of the proposed device allows you to adjust not only the angle of the housing axis relative to the X-X and Y-Y coordinate axes, but also to adjust the height of the housing relative to the base of the device.

All these constructive measures in the proposed device make it possible to achieve a positive technical result, which is to increase the accuracy of control and increase productivity, as well as increase safety when using the device.

The essence of the proposed device is as follows. All elements of the device are assembled on a common base 1 device (Fig. 1 and 2). Housing 3 is fixed on bracket 2 by means of nut 4. Groove 13 is made on bracket 2, along which nut 4 with housing 3 can move in the process of adjusting the device in a position convenient for the operator. The presence of the groove 13 in the form of a sector allows you to install the body 3 of the device in two extreme positions - in the horizontal, along the X-X axis and vertically, along the Y-Y axis, as well as in any angular position α. At the same time, it is possible to adjust the position of the body 3 in height - h by moving the nut 4 along the groove 13 on the bracket 2, this is facilitated by the execution of the bracket 2 in the form of an arcuate shape. Three lamps 6 located inside the housing 3 through 120° are turned on and off simultaneously using a push-button switch 14. The lamps are located in the same plane and through an angle of 120°, which makes it possible to uniformly illuminate the controlled ring around the circumference and thereby improve the observation conditions. Light bulbs 6 are located on a height-adjustable stand 7. A double-sided arrow located next to the stand 7 shows the possibility of moving the light bulbs along the axis of the housing 3. The current to the push-button switch 14 is supplied through an electric cord 10 with a plug 11. The location of the push-button switch 14 is directly on the common base 1 of the device improves convenience and allows you to quickly turn on and off the light bulbs 6 than controlling the light bulbs using a long cord 10 with a plug 11 through an outlet, usually located far from the workplace. The implementation of radially located ventilation holes 8 on the base of the housing 5 (Fig. 4) avoids overheating of the bulbs 6, which will help extend their service life, it also allows the use of higher power bulbs, thereby increasing the intensity of the light flux seeping through the gaps between the ring and the sleeve . In order to avoid electric shock to the operator, the common base 1 of the device is grounded with a ground electrode 9. All these design improvements of the known device allow achieving the set goal.

The proposed device is used in the following sequence.

First, the operator sets the axis of the body 3 (Fig. 1, 2) in a convenient for its observation in the angular position in the vertical plane, which can be adjusted from 0° to 90°. If the operator will work while sitting, then it is desirable to have the axis of the device closer to zero degrees, if standing, then closer to 90 °. That is, the ability to adjust the axis of the device in the vertical plane allows you to adjust the device to the anthropological parameters of the operator and at his request. This design allows the operator's eyes 12 to be positioned perpendicular to the transverse plane of the sleeve, which allows for ease of observation and improves the accuracy of control. Optionally, the operator can also adjust the distance h of the body 3 to the surface of the common base 1 of the device. The field of installation of the housing 3 and its fixation with the help of a nut 4 in a position both in the angle α and in the height h convenient for the operator, he checks the reliability of the fastening of the earth electrode 9. Using an electric cord 10 with a plug 11, the push-button switch 14 and three light bulbs are connected to the electrical circuit of the device 6 through the socket to the power source. With the help of a push-button switch 14, it turns on the light bulbs 6 and, by changing the length of the adjusting rack 7, achieves the most intense passage of light through the gaps between the piston ring and the liner wall. When checking the piston ring and liner of a specific engine after preliminary adjustment of the axial position of the bulbs 6, when checking the remaining rings of this engine, additional adjustment is not required. When testing engine rings of other brands and liners, it is also necessary to pre-adjust the axial position of the bulbs 6. Then, the operator turns on the bulbs 6 through the push-button switch 14 and carefully examines the quality of the fit of the piston ring to the cylinder wall around the entire circumference. In the presence of cracks, he uses a feeler gauge to determine the size of the gap and draws conclusions about the suitability or unsuitability of this piston ring.

Since the task was to obtain a technical result by constructive improvement of the known device, the description did not consider the installation and removal of the controlled piston ring from the liner, since this relates to technology, not design.

The technical result consists in increasing the accuracy and productivity of the operation of testing the quality of the fit of the piston ring of autotractor engines to the wall of the liner in the light, as well as increasing the safety when using the device.

Information sources

1. Machine repair. M., publishing house "Kolos", 1967. 504 p. (Tutorial and textbooks for agricultural technical schools.), I.E. Ulman, I.M. Gerstein, B.C. Nasonov and others.

2. Reference book on the technology of machine repair in agriculture. Ed. A.I. Selivanova. M., Kolos, 1975. 600 p. from ill.

3. Technological recommendations for control during the restoration of the main parts of tractor engines, Moscow - GOSNITI. 1977, p. 85.

Claims (1)

A device for checking piston rings of internal combustion engines, comprising a housing mounted on a common base, electric bulbs mounted inside the housing, and an electric cord with a plug, configured to supply electric current to the electric bulbs from a socket, characterized in that the device is equipped with a push-button switch located on a common base for turning on and off the light bulbs, three light bulbs are made with the possibility of moving and fixing in the axial direction relative to the controlled ring, the device body is made with the ability to change the angle of location relative to the common base in the range from 0° to 90°, and also with the ability to adjust the height of the location relative to the surface of the common base along the vertical axis, and in the base of the housing there are radially located ventilation holes around the entire circumference, and the housing of the device is made with a grounded ground electrode.

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