RU2188238C1 - Genuine leather finishing process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: leather industry. SUBSTANCE: process appropriate for application in the leather haberdashery area consists in applying natural wax with melting point 62-92 C onto the face of shaved leather article by the aid of brush rotated with speed at least 1400 rpm until green shade is attained. EFFECT: simplified procedure in manufacture of pseudo-antique ware colored in bright to dark shades.

Description

 The invention relates to light industry, and specifically to its leather industry, and can be used for leather finishing in the manufacture of leather haberdashery.

 Thanks to the introduction of high technology in the finishing production of natural leathers, the quality of the leathers increases, their range is expanded, the consumption of raw materials, water, chemical materials is reduced, the volume and contamination of wastewater is reduced, the environment is improved, low-waste and non-waste technologies are created.

 To improve the quality of the skin on its front surface is applied various coatings in various ways.

 A known method of manufacturing raw leather blanks for leather haberdashery products, in which a sizing material is applied to the intermediate support layer, and then the finishing composition, the varnish layer is transferred to wet skin, the intermediate layer is removed, and the transfer is carried out in a forming press.

(DE 3712579, class C 14 V 1/56; C 14 C 15/00, 87)
A known method of manufacturing leather with a surface coating, comprising applying to the main skin a surface coating of two layers of reinforced plastic.

(DE 3832822, class C 14 C 11/00, 88)
However, the known methods are complex in technological execution.

 A known method of improving the quality of the skin by filling the skin with polymers, stabilizers, caseinates.

(SU 158974, class C 14 C 9/00, 88)
However, the chemical materials used pollute sewage and worsen the environment.

 A known method of refinement of defective leathers by applying an artificial face (adhesive, latex-casein, nitro cellulose, etc.).

(SU 76216, class C 14 C 11/00, 1940)
The leathers processed in a known manner do not satisfy the quality of the haberdashery industry.

 A known method of decorative decoration of natural leathers by printing on a skin that does not contain nitro coating, polyurethane coating and coating with an emulsion film former, patterns and patterns with a composition containing 35-60% oily resinous varnish (MSL); 25-55% wax; 5-15% wetting agent and 2-3% carbon black.

(SU 709682, C 14 C 11/00, 80)
However, the composition used in the known method is difficult to prepare and thereby complicates the process.

 A known method of treating genuine leather from parchment under the parchment to give it antique properties, the skin after washing is subjected to gouging, and the final operation is bleaching with a solution of bleach with a concentration of 5-8 g / l.

(SU 704990, class С 14 С 13/00, 80)
However, the known method using chemical materials pollutes the environment, is long-term and complicated in execution.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a method for finishing genuine leather, ensuring the achievement of a technical result, which consists in simplifying the finish when receiving antique leather products with shades from light to dark tones, expanding the range of products that meet the requirements of the modern market, and increasing the environmental friendliness of the process.

This technical result is achieved by the method of finishing genuine leather, including applying natural wax with a melting point of 62-92 ^o C on the front surface of planed leather in the form of a product using a brush rotating at an average speed of at least 1400 rpm to obtain a given color.

 In the proposed method, natural wax is applied to the skin surface. Waxes - substances consisting of esters of higher fatty acids and higher monohydric alcohols; fatty acids and alcohols containing from 16 to 30 or more carbon atoms in the molecule; hydrocarbons and impurities of coloring and odorous substances.

 According to their physical properties, they are plastic, able to soften under mild heating, are not wetted by water, do not conduct electricity, they are chemically inert.

In the proposed method, the following brands of waxes are used:
Technical beeswax - yellow, with various shades, has a pleasant honey smell; melting point 62-67 ^o C; density 0.960-0.970; acid number - 18-20; iodine number is 7-11.

Montana wax - t ^o _pl. - 73-80 ^o C; acid number is 20-40.

Carnauba wax - yellow, to a dark brown color, with a faint odor; t ^o _pl. - 83-90 ^o C; acid number - up to 8.

Candelilla wax is brown to reddish brown; t ^o _pl. - 80-92 ^o C.

 As a product, leather haberdashery products are processed - menu folders, accounts folders, covers, etc.

 The proposed method finishes leather (without artificial coatings), for example nubuck, crust, not treated with aniline dyes.

 The proposed method is carried out according to the following technology.

 Leather for leather haberdashery products is made according to a standard technique from cattle hides, and the proposed waxing is the final stage.

Waxing on the front surface of natural planed sanded leather in the product, for example folders, is carried out on a Mebus machine, which contains a rotating shaft with a nozzle in the form of a brush with a dense pile, for example, technical beeswax with a melting point of 62-67 is applied to it. ^o C, then the folder is evenly pressed to the brush, rotating at a speed of 1400 rpm, and processed to a predetermined hue, for example, within 0.5-5 seconds. A thin layer forms on the surface of the skin in a few seconds, which gives the skin a shade of the color of artificial aging, and the product takes the form of an old valuable item.

 The claimed combination of features allows you to create a product with new properties, and going beyond the proposed limits does not provide a technical result.

 The proposed treatment protects the facial surface of the skin from mechanical damage (scratches), from moisture, oil stains, handprints. The product acquires a steady intense shade, resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The color strength of the coating increases, no film forms on the treated surface, the natural front surface is preserved, such a coating preserves the natural skin pattern, and the skin gets a natural texture with a hue from light yellow to dark brown tones.

 The color fastness of the leather finished according to the invention (points according to GOST 9733-0-83), for dry friction is 5 points, for wet friction - 5 points.

 The use of natural wax, which is a substance of plant and animal origin, allows you to create an environmentally friendly way.

 When processing the front surface of planed leather, a relief pattern of the natural structure of the skin is obtained, when processing planed sanded leather, skin of a natural texture is obtained, the proposed technical solution is the final stage of finishing leather haberdashery products.

 A leather product trimmed according to the proposed method can have various deep saturated color shades of the front surface while preserving the natural skin pattern, and the product acquires an old-fashioned image, this helps to expand the range of manufactured products of good quality and meets the requirements of the modern consumer.

Claims (1)

A method of finishing genuine leather, including applying natural wax with a melting point of 62 - 92 ^o C on the front surface of planed leather in the form of a product using a brush rotating at a speed of at least 1400 rpm, until a specified shade is obtained.