RU2187454C1 - Device for evacuation of crane operator in emergency - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; cranes. SUBSTANCE: proposed device for emergency evacuation of crane operator has cradle with guides mounted at side of crane control cabin and coupled with lifting /lowering mechanism. Cradle is suspended from sling of hand winch mounted on crane. Vertical guides are mounted on crane control cabin. Said guides are connected by crossmember on which hand winch is installed. Lifting/lowering mechanism is made in form of U-shaped case enclosing the cradle, two side opposite walls of which are made in form of multilever load-bearing pantigraph, and third front wall is formed by horizontal rods connected with ends of articulated larger levers of pantographs. Upper levers of each pantograph are hinge-connected with crossmember, and lower levers, with cradle. Each pantograph has rolls installed in places of interconnection of larger levers for engagement with vertical guide of crossmember, and with one additional roll located on axle of last but one connection of larger starting from top, for engagement of this roll with cradle guide. Crossmember can be secured on crane bridge gallery. EFFECT: facilitated evacuation of crane operator in emergency. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to structural elements of cranes, namely, to the crane operator’s cabin, and is intended for emergency evacuation of the crane operator.

 A device for emergency evacuation of a crane operator containing a cradle associated with a lifting and lowering mechanism including a rope drum (see ed. Certificate of the USSR 1143682, class B 66 C 13/54, publ. In bulletin 9 for 1985).

 The disadvantage of this device is the danger of landing in the cradle during the evacuation of the crane operator, the lack of an oriented position of the cradle during its movement, since the center of gravity of the cradle with the crane operator located in it is shifted relative to the direction line of its movement, as well as insufficient safety of descent in the event of wind loads. In addition, it does not provide landing on the crane.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution is a device for emergency evacuation of a crane operator, comprising a side mounted crane control cabin, a cradle with rails mounted on a lifting and lowering mechanism, suspended on a hand winch sling mounted on a crane, and mounted on a cabin vertical guides (see ed. certificate of the USSR 513927, class B 66 C 13/54, published in Bulletin 18 for 1976).

 The disadvantage of this device is the insufficiently reliable orientation of the cradle position during its vertical movement, since the guides located on the control cabin have a limited length, which does not ensure the safety of the descent, especially over a long distance due to the possibility of the cradle swinging under the influence of wind loads. In this case, an adverse effect on the human vestibular apparatus is manifested. In addition, the winch of the known device in its design does not provide smooth movement of the cradle, and during stops there are sharp shocks. And also, the known device does not provide landing on the crane, which in some extreme cases is necessary.

 The basis of the claimed invention is the technical task - to create a device for emergency evacuation of the crane operator, which would ensure the safety of lowering the crane operator, the reliability of the structure and the possibility of landing on the crane.

 The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase safety, reliability and expansion of functionality.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for emergency evacuation of the crane operator, comprising a cradle mounted on the side of the crane control cabin connected to a lifting and lowering mechanism, a cradle with rails suspended on a hand winch sling mounted on a crane, and vertical rails mounted on the control cabin, the latter are connected the traverse on which the manual winch is installed, the lifting and lowering mechanism is made in the form of a U-shaped box covering the cradle, two lateral opposite ste whose nets are made in the form of a multi-link power pantograph, and the third, front wall, is made of horizontal rods connected to the ends of the articulated large levers of pantographs, the upper levers of each pantograph are pivotally connected to the traverse, and the lower ones to the cradle, each pantograph is equipped with rollers, installed in the joints of large levers with each other with the possibility of interaction of all of them (rollers) with a vertical guide beam, and an additional one roller, located on the axis of the penultimate, Starting from above, the connection of large levers with each other with the possibility of interaction of it (roller) with the guide cradle.

 In addition, the beam can be fixed on the gallery of the crane bridge.

Figure 1 shows a device mounted on a crane for emergency evacuation of the crane operator in the initial and final positions, front view; figure 2 - remote element A in figure 1; figure 3 is a view of B in figure 2; figure 4 is a section bb in figure 2; figure 5 is a section GG in figure 2;
The device for emergency evacuation of the crane operator comprises a side mounted control cab 1 connected to a lifting and lowering mechanism 2 (2 - the initial position, 2 '- the final position) the cradle 3 (3 - the initial position, 3' - the final position) (see Fig. 1). The cradle 3 has guides 4 (see Fig. 2) and is suspended on a sling 5 (see Fig. 3) of a manual winch 6 mounted on a crane. The device also has vertical guides 7 mounted on the control cabin 1 (see FIG. 2), connected by a traverse (horizontal beam) 8. A manual winch 6 is installed on the traverse 8. The lifting and lowering mechanism 2 is made in the form of a U-shaped box covering the cradle 3 , two lateral opposite walls of which are made in the form of a multi-link power pantograph 9 and 10, and the third (front wall) is made of horizontal rods 11 connected to the ends of the articulated large levers 12 of the pantograph 9 and 10 (see figures 2, 3 and 4) . The upper levers 13 (see Fig. 2) of each pantograph 9 and 10 are pivotally connected to the traverse 8. The lower levers 14 of each pantograph 9 and 10 are pivotally connected to the cradle 3. Each pantograph 9 and 10 has rollers 15 installed at the junction of large levers 12 with each other with the possibility of interaction of all of them with the corresponding vertical guide 7 of the beam 8, and an additional single roller 16 (see Fig. 2 and 5), located on the axis of the penultimate, starting from above, connecting large levers 12 with each other with the possibility of interaction with guide 4 lul ki 3. Traverse 8 can be fixed on the gallery of the crane or on the control cabin 1.

 The device operates as follows.

 If it is necessary to evacuate from the control cabin 1 or from the crane bridge, the crane operator goes into the cradle 3 and, with the help of a manual winch 6, when acting on its control bodies, begins to move down with the cradle 3. At the same time, multi-lever power pantographs 9 and 10 are opened, providing a strictly oriented position of the cradle 3 due to the interaction of the rollers 15 and 16 with the vertical guides 7 of the beam 8 and with the guides 4 of the cradle 3, respectively. At the end of the movement, the upper pair of levers 13 and 12 of each pantograph 9 and 10 forms a power triangle, which reliably holds the cradle 3 in a strictly oriented position and ensures the safety of the descent. The smoothness and speed of movement is provided by the intensity of the crane operator.

 The inventive device can be used for landing on the crane crane operator or maintenance personnel, which is economically advantageous, since it does not require the installation of additional structures for landing on the crane in the form of stairs, galleries and landing sites. In this case, by acting on the governing bodies of the manual winch 6, the cradle 3 together with the crane operator moves up, and the power levers of the pantographs 9 and 10 are folded, forming dense walls of a U-shaped box covering the cradle 3. The device returns to its original position.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for emergency evacuation of a crane operator, comprising a side mounted crane control cabin, a cradle with guides connected to a lifting and lowering mechanism, suspended on a hand winch sling mounted on a crane, and vertical guides mounted on the control cabin, characterized in that the latter (vertical guides) are connected by a traverse on which a manual winch is installed, the lifting and lowering mechanism is made in the form of a U-shaped box covering the cradle, two side opposite walls which is made in the form of a multi-lever power pantograph, and the third, front wall, is made of horizontal rods connected to the ends of the articulated large levers of pantographs, the upper arms of each pantograph are pivotally connected to the traverse, and the lower ones to the cradle, each pantograph is equipped with rollers installed at the junctions of large levers with each other with the possibility of interaction of all of them (rollers) with the vertical guide of the traverse, and with an additional one roller placed on the axis of the penultimate, fired from above the connection of large levers with each other with the possibility of interaction of it (roller) with the guide cradle.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam is fixed to the gallery of the crane bridge.

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