RU218732U1 - Device for separating agricultural waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural production, namely to devices for separating wet poultry and livestock waste into solid and liquid fractions, and can also be used in the processing of by-products of alcohol production. The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to reduce the moisture content of the solid fraction of the final product, which significantly reduces the energy costs for its further processing. The technical result is achieved using a device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, containing a receiving tank, a pipeline, a frame on which a casing is mounted, consisting of an upper part - a cover with a receiving pipe and a lower part, in which there is a drain channel ending with a drain pipe, a screw mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the filter drum, the filter drum, consisting of a core and a filter element, which is a stainless steel mesh, characterized in that multidirectional screw coils are installed on the inner surface of the filter drum, and there are openings for loading and unloading at the ends of the filter drum, at the same time, the filtering drum performs a rocking movement around its axis, which is communicated to it on the driven shafts mounted on its ends and fixed in the bearing units, through the drive mechanism, consisting of a crank-rocker mechanism closed by a protective casing, a gearbox, a drive shaft and an electric motor, moreover, the start-up of the device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, as well as the adjustment of the frequency of the oscillating movement of the filter drum, are carried out using a frequency converter.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to agricultural production, namely to devices for separating wet poultry and livestock waste into solid and liquid fractions, and can also be used in the processing of by-products of alcohol production.

State of the art

Known machine for manure dehydration, containing a filter made in the form of a hollow spiral tunnel with a multi-threaded helical surface, which is mounted on a platform mounted resiliently on the bed. A loading device is rigidly fixed on the platform, and a vibrator with a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter is mounted horizontally under the platform (see invention No.

The disadvantages of this device are the complex design of the working body - the spiral filter, as well as the low efficiency of the separation process.

A device for manure dehydration is known, consisting of an inclined perforated drum mounted on an axle, one end of which is fixed by means of a bearing on a crank with an electric motor shaft connected to it, and the other is pivotally placed on a support. The drum performs reciprocating oscillatory movements due to the drive mechanism, represented by rims placed one inside the other, having a friction connection, the inner rim is attached to the end of the drum, and the outer rim is placed coaxially relative to the motor shaft and is stationary (see USSR author's certificate No. 844021, B01D 33/02, published 07/07/81).

The disadvantages of this device are low efficiency of dehydration, high energy costs for driving the drum as a result of its complex design in the form of rims.

Similar to the claimed technical solution and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a device for dehydration of polydisperse systems, containing a casing having a drain channel with a nozzle and a receiving container, a filter drum installed in the casing, characterized in that the filter drum drive mechanism is equipped with a crank-rocker mechanism consisting of crank, connecting rod and rocker, as well as an electric motor, a gearbox, while the amplitude of the oscillation of the filter drum is set by selecting the arm of the crank, which is connected to the connecting rod and rocker through an intermediate shaft with the selection of the ratio of the belt drive pulleys, while an adjustable damper is installed in the lower part of the filter drum, which has an axis of rotation and a handle, and the flap fits snugly against the inner surface of the filter drum (see utility model patent No. RU 191624 U1, A01C 3/00, B01D 33/06, published on 14.08.2019).

The disadvantages of this device in comparison with the claimed technical solution are the complexity of the drive design due to the presence of an intermediate shaft and a belt drive, as well as low separation efficiency, namely the high humidity of the final product, which is more than 60%, due to the slip of the processed material through the filter drum.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the proposed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the process of separating agricultural waste into fractions and reduce the moisture content of the solid fraction of the final product.

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is reduced to the possibility of making a rocking motion of the filter drum and installing multidirectional screw turns on its inner surface.

The technical result is achieved using a device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, containing a receiving tank, a pipeline, a frame on which a casing is mounted, consisting of an upper part - a cover with a receiving pipe and a lower part, in which there is a drain channel ending with a drain pipe, a screw mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the filter drum, the filter drum, consisting of a core and a filter element, which is a stainless steel mesh, characterized in that multidirectional screw coils are installed on the inner surface of the filter drum, and there are openings for loading and unloading at the ends of the filter drum, at the same time, the filtering drum is configured to perform a rocking movement around its axis, the driven shafts of the filtering drum, mounted on its ends and fixed in bearing assemblies, are connected to the drive mechanism, which consists of a crank-rocker mechanism closed by a protective casing, a gearbox, a drive shaft and an electric motor, moreover, the device for separating agricultural waste into fractions is made with the possibility of starting and adjusting the frequency of the oscillating movement of the filter drum using a frequency converter.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 - device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, general view.

In FIG. 2 - section A-A of a device for separating agricultural waste into fractions.

In FIG. 3 - remote element I.

In FIG. 4 – filter drum, view from the loading side.

In FIG. 5 – filter drum, view from the unloading side.

In FIG. 6 - section B-B of the crank-rocker mechanism and the scheme of its operation.

Implementation of the utility model

A device for separating agricultural waste into fractions (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1, on which a casing 2 is mounted, consisting of a lower and upper part - a casing cover 3 with a receiving pipe 4. The feed material is loaded through a pipeline 5 connected to a receiving tank 6. The liquid fraction is collected in the drain channel 7 and discharged through the drain pipe 8. The solid fraction is unloaded through the unloading socket 9. The casing 2 is installed at an angle α to the horizon using a screw mechanism 10. To the left of the casing 2 there is a drive mechanism consisting of an electric motor 11, gearbox 12, drive shaft 13 and crank-rocker mechanism 14, closed by a protective casing 15. Driven shafts 16 and 17 are mounted on the filter drum 18 and fixed in bearing units 19 and 20. The rocking motion on the filter drum 18 is transmitted through the driven shaft 16 and crank-rocker mechanism 14 (Fig. 2, 3). The start of the device for separating agricultural waste into fractions is carried out by means of a frequency converter 21, with the help of which the oscillation frequency of the filter drum 18 is adjusted. The filter drum 18 consists of a core 22 and a filter element 23, which is a stainless steel mesh (Fig. 4, 5) . The source material enters the filter drum 18 through the opening for loading 24 (Fig. 4), and for unloading the treated material at the other end of the filter drum 18 there is an opening for unloading 25 (Fig. 5). On the inner surface of the filter drum 18 there are five differently directed screw turns 26 and 27, which divide its internal volume into 6 equal sections (Fig. 1, 2). The crank-rocker mechanism 14 consists of a crank 28, a connecting rod 29 and a rocker arm 30 (Fig. 6).

A device for separating agricultural waste into fractions (liquid and solid) works as follows.

Starting the device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, as well as adjusting the oscillation frequency of the filter drum, is carried out using a frequency converter 21. The filter drum 18, on the ends of which the driven shafts 16 and 17 are installed, is mounted on bearing assemblies 19 and 20 and is located inside the casing 2, fixed on the frame 1, performs rocking movements around its axis with an amplitude specified by the drive, consisting of an electric motor 11, a gearbox 12, a drive shaft 13 and a crank-rocker mechanism 14, closed by a casing 15, and the amplitude of oscillations can vary depending on the size of the crank and connecting rod. The source material (in particular, fermented bird droppings (CPP)) from the receiving tank 6 is fed into the filter drum 18 through the pipeline 5 connecting the inlet pipe 4 of the cover of the casing 3 and inserted into the loading hole 24 located at the end of the filter drum 18. First comes maximum release of free moisture from the SPP - the liquid fraction of the SPP (LHF SPP) due to its removal through the filter element 23, mounted on the core 22 of the filter drum 18. Then a lump is gradually formed from the solid fraction of the SPP (TF SPP), which begins to perform rocking movements with a filter drum 18. In this case, the lump, moving along with the filter drum 18, rises up, and, having reached the highest point, rolls (crumbles) down, collapsing. When destroyed, it is compressed at the bottom, and another portion of free moisture is released from it. When the filter drum 18 moves in the opposite direction, the lump also rises up to the point determined by the adhesion forces of the TF SPP with the filter element 23 material. the lowest point passes into the next filtering section, formed by screw turns 26, 27, due to the inclination of the filter drum 18 with the help of a screw mechanism 10. Thus, the clod gradually moves towards the unloading window 25, and the final exit of the TF SPP from the unloading socket 9. Free moisture is collected in the drain channel 7 and drained through the drain pipe 8. With such a movement of the clod, under the action of the forces of attraction and the centrifugal effect of the rocking motion, portions of free moisture are gradually released from the TF SPP. The cycle of rise and fall of the coma, its formation and destruction is repeated. TF SPP is removed from the filter drum through the opening for unloading 25 and the unloading socket 9 from the proposed device.

The proposed type of movement of the filter drum 18 and its design contribute to the efficient separation of agricultural waste, as well as reducing the moisture content of the resulting solid fraction of the final product.

Claims (1)

A device for separating agricultural waste into fractions, containing a receiving tank, a pipeline, a frame on which a casing is mounted, consisting of an upper part - a cover with a receiving pipe and a lower part, in which there is a drain channel ending with a drain pipe, a screw mechanism for adjusting the angle of inclination of the filter drum, a filter drum, consisting of a core and a filter element, which is a stainless steel mesh, characterized in that multidirectional screw coils are installed on the inner surface of the filter drum, and at the ends of the filter drum there are openings for loading and unloading, while the filter drum is made with the ability to perform rocking motion around its axis, the driven shafts of the filtering drum are mounted on its ends and, fixed in bearing assemblies, are connected to the drive mechanism, which consists of a crank-rocker mechanism closed by a protective casing, a gearbox, a drive shaft and an electric motor, moreover, the device for the separation of agricultural waste into fractions, it is made with the possibility of starting and adjusting the frequency of the oscillating movement of the filter drum using a frequency converter.

Images